77 Results Found

The present study analyzed long-term observed visibility over Eastern Thailand, with a focus on urbanized/highly industrialized coastal areas. The temporal coverage spans 9 to 35 years for visibility data and 9 to 15 years for air quality data for th...

This study investigates the atmospheric formation and sinks of HONO and HNO₃ and their contribution to secondary PM_2.5 formation in Daejeon (urban) and Iksan (suburban), South Korea. Continuous observations revealed distinct concentration patterns: I...

This study investigated the primary emissions and secondary aerosol formation from a gasoline direct injection (GDI) passenger car when operated over different legislative and real-world driving cycles on a chassis dynamometer. Diluted vehicle exhaus...

Despite significant improvements in air quality during and after COVID-19 restrictions, haze continued to occur in Zhengzhou afterwards. This paper compares ionic compositions and sources of PM_2.5 before (2019), during (2020), and after (2021) the re...

A large portion of atmospheric aerosol particles consists of secondary material produced by oxidation reactions. The relative importance of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) can increase with improved emission regulations. A relatively simple way to st...

The results of air quality monitoring show significantly increased concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and arsenic in the area located near the town of Kladno in Central Bohemia, Czech Republic. The region of interest is historic...

Water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) can increase the hygroscopicity of aerosols, which will transform aerosols into larger sizes and reduce visibility by enhancing light scattering. To explore the characteristics of WSII concentrations and their imp...

Environmental chambers have proven to be essential for atmospheric photochemistry research. This historical perspective summarizes chamber research characterizing smog. Experiments with volatile organic compounds (VOCs)-nitrogen oxides (NO_x) have cha...

Ammonia (NH₃) is a naturally occurring, highly reactive and soluble alkaline trace gas, originating from both natural and anthropogenic sources. It is present throughout the biosphere, yet plays a complicated role in atmospheric acid–base react...

Residential biomass combustion emits a large amount of organic gases into ambient air, resulting in the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and various environmental and health impacts. In this study, we investigated the emission characteris...

Particles are emitted by different sources and are also formed in the atmosphere. Despite the large impact of atmospheric particles on health and climate, large uncertainties remain concerning their representation in models. To reduce these uncertain...

This work reports the day-night differences of a suite of chemical species including elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON), selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PA...

Due to the development of industrialization and urbanization, secondary pollution is becoming increasingly serious in the Yangtze River Delta. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are key precursors of the near-surface ozone, secondary organic aerosol (...

The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model with the 7th generation aerosol module (AERO7) was employed to simulate organic aerosol (OA) in Seoul, Korea, for the year 2016. The goal of the present study includes the 1-year simulation of OA usin...

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are known to play an important role in tropospheric chemistry, contributing to ozone and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generation. Laundry facilities, using petroleum-based organic solvents, are one of the sources...

Urban and suburban PM_2.5 samples were collected simultaneously during selected periods representing each season in 2019 in Zibo, China. Samples were analysed for water-soluble inorganic ions, carbon components, and elements. A chemical mass balance m...

In order to explore the mechanism of haze formation, the meteorological effect and chemical reaction process of the explosive growth (EG) of PM_2.5 were studied. In this study, the level of PM_2.5, water-soluble inorganic ions, carbonaceous aerosols, g...

The ambient formation of secondary particulate matter (ambient FSPM) is commonly recognized as the major cause of severe PM_2.5 air pollution in China. We present observational evidence showing that the ambient FSPM was too weak to yield a detectable...

In order to explore the characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) in the atmosphere of Wanzhou, a small mountainous city in Chongqing, four representative seasonal PM_2.5 samples and gaseous precursors (SO₂ and NO₂) were collected from A...

Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are low-boiling-point compounds commonly synthesized by secondary metabolic pathways in plants. As key precursors of ozone (O₃) and secondary organic aerosols (SOA), BVOCs play a critical role in ecosystem-...

Nitrogen oxides (NO_X) in the atmosphere cause oxidation reactions with photochemical radicals and volatile organic compounds, leading to the accumulation of ozone (O₃). NO_X constitutes a significant portion of the NO_y composition, with nitrous acid (...

Secondary organic aerosols (SOA) are crucial components of ambient particulate matters. However, their composition and formation mechanisms remain uncertain. To investigate the SOA formation and evaluate various SOA estimation approaches, a comprehen...

Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a pollutant of concern not only because of its adverse effects on human health but also on visibility and the radiative budget of the atmosphere. PM can be considered as a sum of solid/liquid species covering a wid...

The fully coupled WRF/Chem (Weather Research and Forecasting/Chemistry) model is used to simulate air quality over coastal areas of the Sea of Japan. The anthropogenic surface emissions database used as input for this model was based primarily on glo...

Aromatics and their key oxidation intermediate such as formaldehyde and dicarbonyl compounds (glyoxal and methyglyoxal) are crucial precursors for ozone (O₃) and secondary organic aerosols (SOA). However, the spatial–temporal variation in aroma...

The highly reactive nature of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) impacts the biosphere by acting as a precursor of ozone and aerosols that influence air quality and climate. Here, we assess the influence of BVOCs and their oxidation products...

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were monitored online at three photochemical assessment monitoring stations (MDS, WQS and HGS) in the Pearl River Delta region during the summer of 2016. Measured levels of VOCs at the MDS, WQS and HGS sites were 34....

In this study, online ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were collected at an urban site of Zhengzhou in Central China during February 2018. The VOCs characteristics, source contributions and the Chinese New Year (CNY) effects have been invest...

To better understand precursors of dicarboxylic acids in ambient secondary organic aerosol (SOA), we studied C4–C9 dicarboxylic acids present in SOA formed from the oxidation of toluene, naphthalene, α-pinene, and isoprene. C4–C9 di...

This study presents a novel approach for the synthesis of tin(II) sulphide (SnS) by integrating ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) with hydrogen reduction (HR), using tin(II) sulphate (SnSO₄) as a precursor. The method combines aerosol droplet generati...

In this study, the chemical compositions of PM_2.5 (particulate matter < 2.5 μm) and the molecular compositions of methanol-soluble organic carbon (MSOC) in suburban Shanghai during summer were measured to investigate the molecular characteristi...

High loads of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and ozone (O₃) pollution occurred frequently since early spring and led to an increasing contribution of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in organic aerosols. However, the characteristics of precursor vol...

To date, research regarding the changes of the sulfur and nitrogen rates in Wuhan during the summer is limited. In this study, we analyzed the air quality in Wuhan, China, using water-soluble ion, gaseous precursor, and weather data. A Spearman corre...

This study deals with haze characteristics under the influence of the cold surge and sea breeze for Greater Bangkok (GBK) in 2017–2022, including haze intensity and duration, meteorological classification for haze, and the potential effects of...

Absolute secondary organic aerosol (SOA) mass loading (C_SOA) is a key parameter in determining partitioning of semi- and intermediate volatility compounds to the particle phase. Its impact on the phase state of SOA, however, has remained largely unex...

Intermediate volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) have recently been proposed as important precursors of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). In the present work, 97 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and 80 int...

Ammonia (NH₃) is one of the main precursors of secondary inorganic aerosols. In 2018, the NH₃ emissions of China’s cereal production (rice, wheat and maize) were estimated to be 3.3 Mt NH₃-N. Numerous NH₃ mitigation strategies have been develop...

Water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) are major components of PM_2.5 and play a prominent role in atmospheric acidification. Previous studies have mainly focused on urban areas, whereas research pertaining to county-level cities remains comparatively l...

Biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOCs) emissions are the largest VOC emission source globally, and are precursors to ozone and secondary organic aerosols, both of which are strong, short-lived climate pollutants. BVOC emissions are usually estima...

Oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) are key precursors to atmospheric ozone (O₃) and secondary organic aerosols (SOA). However, research on the sources of OVOCs is still limited, particularly in terms of multi-point observations at urban si...

Volatile phenols in the atmosphere are important precursors of ozone and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). Despite their importance, the lack of effective observation and analysis methods has led to less attention paid to them, leading to gaps in ou...

Despite recent improvements in particulate matter (PM) pollution, haze events still frequently occur in many regions of China. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), as key precursors in atmospheric photochemistry, play a crucial role in haze formation....

Biogenic emissions affect the urban air quality as they are ozone and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursors and should be taken into account when applying photochemical pollution models. The present study presents an estimation of the magnitude...

The impact of the lockdown, during the period from March to June in 2020, upon the air quality of the Basque Country in northern Spain is analyzed. The evaluation accounts for the meteorology of the period. Daily and sub-daily analysis of aerosol and...

Intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) serve as pivotal precursors to secondary organic aerosol (SOA). They are highly susceptible to substantial wall losses both in indoor environments and within smog chambers even with Teflon walls. Accu...

The distribution of vanadium (V) in aerosols is commonly used to track ship exhaust emissions, yet the atmospheric abundance of V has been greatly reduced due to the implementation of a clean fuel policy. Recent research mainly discussed the chemical...

Atmospheric intermediate volatile organic compounds (IVOCs) are important precursors of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs), and in-depth research on them is crucial for atmospheric pollution control. This review systematically synthesizes global advan...

Gaseous emissions from vehicles contribute substantially to air pollution and climate change. Vehicular emissions also contain secondary pollutants produced via chemical reactions that occur between the emitted gases and atmospheric air. This study a...

Air pollution has been a recurring problem in northern Chinese cities, and high concentrations of PM_2.5 in winter have been a particular cause for concern. Secondary aerosols converted from precursor gases (i.e., nitrogen oxides and volatile organic...

Ambient carbonyls are critical precursors of ozone (O₃) and secondary organic aerosols (SOA). To better understand the pollution characteristics of carbonyls in Taiyuan, field samplings were conducted, and 13 carbonyls were detected in an urban site...