102 Results Found

Background and objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases even in its early stages and is associated with structural and functional cardiac abnormalities. The aim of this study was to use speckle-tracking e...

Heart myocardia are critical to the facilitation of heart pumping and blood circulating around the body. The biaxial mechanical testing of the left ventricle (LV) has been extensively utilised to build the computational model of the whole heart with...

Patients in critical condition who require mechanical ventilation experience intricate interactions between their respiratory and cardiovascular systems. These complex interactions are crucial for clinicians to understand as they can significantly in...

Heart and lung sharing the same anatomical space are influenced by each other. Spontaneous breathing induces dynamic changes in intrathoracic pressure, impacting cardiac function, particularly the right ventricle. In intensive care units (ICU), mecha...

Introduction: Pulmonary valve stenosis determines multiple effects on the right ventricular dimension and function. Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty is the treatment of choice in severe pulmonary valve stenosis in patients of all ages. However, lit...

Myocardial deformation imaging has emerged as a valuable clinical tool for assessing right ventricular (RV) systolic function, providing additional diagnostic and prognostic insights compared to traditional indices of RV function. Two-dimensional spe...

Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) allows for functional left and right heart ventricle replacement. MCS induces a systemic inflammatory reaction and prothrombotic state leading to an increased risk of thrombus formation. The extracellular vesicles...

Background and objectives. Mitral regurgitation (MR) is usually dynamic and increasing with exertion. Stress may provoke symptoms, cause the progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and unmask subclinical changes of the left and right ventricle fun...

The comparative differences in the fundamental mechanisms of contractility regulation and calcium handling of atrial and ventricular myocardium remain poorly studied. An isometric force–length protocol was performed for the entire range of prel...

Cardiogenic shock (CS) remains a highly lethal condition despite many efforts and new interventions. Patients presenting with a rapid onset of hemodynamic instability and subsequent collapse require prompt and appropriate multimodality treatment. Mul...

There are only a few studies devoted to the comparative and simultaneous study of the mechanisms of the length-dependent regulation of atrial and ventricular contractility. Therefore, an isometric force-length protocol was applied to isolated guinea...

In order to determine the behavior of the right ventricle, we have reviewed the existing literature in the area of cardiac remodeling, signal transduction pathways, subcellular mechanisms, β-adrenoreceptor-adenylyl cyclase system and myocardial...

Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is characterised by increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) resulting in elevated pressure in the pulmonary artery supplying the pulmonary circulation. Disease of the right ventricle (RV) often manifests as a...

Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is a rare chronic disease with high impact on patients’ quality of life and currently no available cure. PAH is characterized by constant remodeling of the pulmonary artery by increased proliferation and migr...

Right-sided heart failure is the major cause of death among patients who suffer from various forms of pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart disease. The right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV) originate from different progenitor cells and...

Phospholamban (PLN) is a major regulator of cardiac contractility, and human mutations in this gene give rise to inherited cardiomyopathies. The deletion of Arginine 14 is the most-prevalent cardiomyopathy-related mutation, and it has been linked to...

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is known to alter the biventricular shape and temporal phases of the cardiac cycle. The presence of interventricular septal (IVS) displacement has been associated with the severity of PH. There has been limited...

In critically ill patients, standard transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) generally does not facilitate good image quality during mechanical ventilation. We propose a prone-TTE in prone positioned patients, which allows clinicians to obtain a complet...

Background: In patients following complete repair of the tetralogy of Fallot, the duration of the QRS complex is associated with the size and mechanical function of the right ventricle, which are contemporarily assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance...

Pulmonary hypertension is a co-morbidity, which strongly participates in morbi-mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recent findings showed that bromodomain-containing proteins, in charge of reading histone acetylat...

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly dynamic structure controlling the proper functioning of heart muscle. ECM remodeling with enhanced collagen deposition due to hemodynamic overload impairs cardiomyocyte adhesion and electrical coupling that...

Right ventricle outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) is a congenital pathological condition that contributes to about 15% of congenital heart diseases. In most cases, the replacement of the right ventricle outflow in pediatric age requires subsequent pu...

ApoE abnormality represents a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Beyond its role in lipid metabolism, novel studies demonstrate a complex involvement of apoE in membrane homeostasis and signaling as well as in nuclear transcription....

Right ventricular failure (RVF) is the most important prognostic factor for morbidity and mortality in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) or pulmonary hypertension (PH) caused by left heart diseases. However, right ventricle (RV) remodeling is und...

Background: The premature-born adult population is set to grow significantly, and prematurity has emerged as an important cardiovascular risk factor. We aimed to comprehensively assess cardiac mechanics and function in a cohort of ex-preterm preschoo...

Background and Objectives: We aimed to assess the effect of AST/ALT ratio on echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) parameters after COVID-19 patients recover. Materials and Methods: 87 patients with COVID-19 were included in...

Background: there are many prognostic factors of heart failure (HF) based on their evaluation from imaging, to laboratory tests. In clinical practice, it is crucial to use widely available, cheap, and easy-to-use prognostic factors, such as left vent...

Background: Penetrating cardiac injuries are rare in South African and international literature. Penetrating cardiac injuries are regarded as one of the most lethal injuries in trauma patients. The mechanism of injury varies across the world. In deve...

Right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) can follow primary pulmonary diseases, but the most common cause of its development is left-sided heart failure (HF). RVD is associated with HF progression, increased risk of death and hospitalisation. The mechanis...

Knowing cardiac physiology is essential for health care professionals working in the cardiovascular field. Pressure–volume loops (PVLs) offer a unique understanding of the myocardial working and have become pivotal in complex pathophysiological...

Premature ventricular contractions in the absence of structural heart disease are among the most common arrhythmias in clinical practice, with well-defined sites of origin in the right and left ventricle. In this review, starting from the electrocard...

Tricuspid valve (TV) disease is highly prevalent in the general population. For ages considered “the forgotten valve” because of the predominant interest in left-side valve disease, the TV has now received significant attention in recent...

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance, leading to right ventricular failure and death. Recent studies have suggested that chronic inflammatory processes are involved in the patho...

Right ventricular failure (RVF) is often caused by increased afterload and disrupted coupling between the right ventricle (RV) and the pulmonary arteries (PAs). After a phase of adaptive hypertrophy, pressure-overloaded RVs evolve towards maladaptive...

The interventricular septum contributes to the pumping function of both ventricles. However, unlike the ventricular wall, its mechanical behavior remains largely unknown. To fill the knowledge gap, this study aims to characterize the biaxial and tran...

Baicalin, a flavonoid compound purified from the dry roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been shown to possess various pharmacological actions. Previous studies have revealed that baicalin inhibits the growth of cancer cells through the ind...

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited cardiac muscle disease linked to genetic deficiency in components of the desmosomes. The disease is characterized by progressive fibro-fatty replacement of the right ventricle, wh...

Cardiac dynamics are traditionally linked to a left ventricle, right ventricle, and septum morphology, a topography that differs from the heart’s five-century-old anatomic description of containing a helix and circumferential wrap architectural...

Infection with the novel severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) results in COVID-19, a disease primarily affecting the respiratory system to provoke a spectrum of clinical manifestations, the most severe being acute respiratory distress s...

Connexin 43 (Cx43) is expressed in the left and right ventricles and is primarily responsible for conducting physiological responses in microvasculature. Studies have demonstrated that NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes are essential in cardiac redox biolog...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a debilitating chronic disorder marked by the progressive obliteration of the pre-capillary arterioles. This imposes a pressure overload on the right ventricle (RV) pushing the latter to undergo structural and mecha...

The cardiac cell mechanical environment changes on a beat-by-beat basis as well as in the course of various cardiac diseases. Cells sense and respond to mechanical cues via specialized mechano-sensors initiating adaptive signaling cascades. With the...

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a genetically determined myocardial disease associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD). It is most frequently caused by mutations in genes encoding desmosomal proteins. However, there is growing evidence that AC...

The moderator band (MB) is an intracavitary structure of the right ventricle composed of muscular fibers encompassing specialized Purkinje fibers, separated each other by collagen and adipose tissue. In the last decades, premature ventricular complex...

Right heart failure (RHF) remains an under-recognized yet devastating condition in critically ill and chronic patients, frequently complicating cardiac surgery, pulmonary embolism, advanced heart failure, sepsis and left ventricular assist device (LV...

Insulin resistance (IR), a core component in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is increasingly recognized for its role in cardiovascular and pulmonary complications. This review explores the relationship between IR, right ventricula...

Introduction: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening chest disease associated with a poor outcome and increased mortality. It may lead to pulmonary hypertension and, eventually, right ventricular failure. These changes can b...

Postoperative chylothorax is a rare complication following cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD) in the pediatric population, including neonates and infants. Multiple mechanisms are involved in the development of postoperative chylous ef...

Right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy is characterized by cardiac fibrosis due to endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and increased collagen production in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients, but the mechanisms for restoring RV functio...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure due to increased pulmonary vascular resistance, secondary to sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction and excessive obliterative pulmonar...