616 Results Found

Flowering and pollen seasons are sensitive to environmental variability and are considered climate change indicators. However, it has not been concluded to what extent flowering phenology is indeed reflected in airborne pollen season locally. The aim...

The seeds of the dioecious shrub jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider) yield a liquid wax that is in high demand for the cosmetics industry. While elite female cultivars of this species are currently clonally propagated, male plants are grow...

Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is primarily a dioecious plant, and monoecious varieties have been developed for high yield. Production practices vary for each variety, prompting the need for the present study to describe the floral characterist...

The efficacy of sweet cherry production is highly dependent on the regularity of flowering events and genetic-determined relations between female sporophyte and male gametophyte, which became even more important with higher flowering temperatures cau...

Jacquemontia curtisii Peter ex Hallier f. is common in the pine rocklands of the southern part of peninsular Florida, with its white star-shaped flowers open to visits from many species of arthropods. Its flowers are visited by a wide array of insect...

The aim of this study was to elucidate the reproductive strategy of Camellia luteoflora, an endangered evergreen endemic to karst ecosystems. We observed and recorded its flowering phenology and flower-visiting insects, observed pollen morphology, de...

The aim of this study was the evaluation of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) pollen production during the 2021 and 2022 seasons in the Mexicali Valley, Mexico. Twelve seed-propagated male palms of 20 years of age and similar vigor were selected and...

Animal-pollinated plants show a broad variation in floral morphology traits and gametophyte production within populations. Thus, floral traits related to plant reproduction and sexuality are usually exposed to pollinator-mediated selection. Such sele...

Flower closure is a widespread yet understudied trait that may serve multiple functions in the success of plant reproduction. In this study, we investigated the role of flower closure in protecting pollen from rain-induced loss in lesser celandine (F...

To study the flowering biology of Rhododendron pulchrum, we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and paraffin sectioning to observe the microstructures of its floral organs, a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay to detect pollen...

The knowledge of beekeeping flora of an area and of each plant’s provision is crucial for beekeepers to plan their hive transfers when practicing nomadic beekeeping. Thus, in the present study, we evaluated the use of pollen traps as a means of...

In lowbush blueberry fields, we conducted residue analysis comparing flowers, trapped pollen (honey bee and Osmia spp.), and collected bees (honey bee workers, bumble bee queens, and non-Bombus spp. wild native bees). The study was conducted from 201...

Wild grapevine (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris Gmel Hegi) is dioecious with male and female plants, whereas domesticated grapevine is mostly hermaphrodite with self-fertile hermaphrodite flowers. The pollen morphology of wild grapevine has been poo...

Melon has great economic importance in Brazil, and flower development is the basis for fruit and seed production. The objective of this study was to elucidate the variability of flowering characteristics and to compare qualitative and quantitative re...

Elaborated kettle trap flowers to temporarily detain pollinators evolved independently in several angiosperm lineages. Intensive research on species of Aristolochia and Ceropegia recently illuminated how these specialized trap flowers attract particu...

Several honeybee species can coexist within a given geographical region; however, their interactions and the extent to which their foraging niches overlap remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we assessed niche overlap among four honeybee sp...

Apple production in Western Norway faces challenges due to climatic constraints and varying phenology. It is essential for cultivars to adapt to regional ecological factors, while suitable pollinators are necessary for successful cultivation. This st...

The flowering period of plants is a critical time since it determines their reproductive success. Flowering is controlled by different factors including genetic regulation and environmental conditions. In the Mediterranean area, favourable conditions...

Over the last decade, efforts to breed new Cannabis sativa L. cultivars with high Cannabidiol (CBD) and other non-psychoactive cannabinoids with low tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) levels have increased. In this context, the identification of the viabilit...

Compared to other grasses, flowering in bamboo is quite divergent, yet complex with respect to time to flower, number of individual culms in a population that have been induced at a time (sporadic vs. gregarious), nature of monocarpy, morphology of i...

Monkey beetles (Hopliini, Scarabaeoidea) are a species-rich group of flower-visiting insects that are specialized to feed on floral tissue, pollen and/or nectar. We studied ten South African species, examining morphological features associated with t...

Ex situ plant collections established from seeds of natural populations are key tools for understanding mating systems of intricate taxonomic complexes, as in the Limonium Mill. genus (sea lavenders, Plumbaginaceae). Plants show a polymorphic sexual...

Previous studies on the mountain plant Ranunculus kuepferi concluded that apomictic self-compatible tetraploids have experienced a niche shift toward a colder climate during the Holocene, which suggests a fitness advantage over the sexual, self-steri...

Cannabis (Cannabis sativa) is a versatile crop belonging to the Cannabaceae family, and is dioecious, typically with separate male and female plants. The flowers of female plants, especially the trichomes, accumulate relatively higher contents of can...

The Australian tomato Solanum orbiculatum ssp. orbiculatum is an edible bush tomato endemic to the more arid areas of Western Australia, South Australia, and the Northern Territory. Breeding system data indicate that the plants are potentially self-c...

Ailanthus altissima (tree of heaven) is among the most abundant and widespread neophytic plants in Austria. The pollen season of Ailanthus usually ranges from the beginning of June until the mid of July, showing one peak period around the mid of June...

Populations of the same plant species living in different locations but flowering at different times may vary in pollinator availability and floral traits. However, the spatial and temporal links between floral traits and pollination are rarely inclu...

In order to provide early selection indicators for the breeding of plants used for producing tea seed oil or harvesting tea, we investigated the relationships between flower morphology and fruit yields in tea plants. We analyzed 106 tea varieties to...

During recent decades, bumble bees (Bombus terrestris) have continuously expanded their range in the Mediterranean climate regions of Israel. To assess their potential effects on local bee communities, we monitored their diurnal and seasonal activity...

In olive (Olea europaea L.), the floral quality is a key feature affecting the final fruit crop. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inflorescence traits and the floral quality parameters of three clones of Leccino cultivar (L 1.3, L 1.4, L 1.9...

Bee pollen, known as a ‘life-giving dust’, is a product of honeybees using flower pollen grains and combining them with their saliva secretions. Thus, flower pollen could be an indicator of the bee pollen botanical source. Identification...

Pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake) is a species of Sapindaceae which has hermaphrodite and staminate flowers on different trees. Morphological flower structures and pollination types of the pulasan fruit tree have not previously been reported thorough...

Angiosperms include many taxa with dimorphic unisexual reproductive structures. These are well studied in some grasses, with maize as a key model, but other wind-pollinated lineages in Poales remain less explored. Within Poales, the family Restionace...

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a monocotyledonous herbaceous vine cultivated for its starchy underground or aerial tubers in the tropics and subtropics. It is an allogamous and polyploid species that reproduces by both sexual and asexual mechanisms. However...

(1) Background: Plants attract pollinators using several visual signals, mainly involving the display, size, shape, and color of flowers. Each signal is relevant for pollinators foraging for floral rewards, pollen, and nectar. Changes in floral signa...

Knowledge of sexual reproduction systems in flowering plants is essential to humankind, with crop fertility vitally important for food security. Here, we review rapidly emerging new evidence for the key importance of non-coding RNAs in male reproduct...

Research Highlights: This paper compares the thermal requirements in three different olive-growing areas in the Mediterranean region (Toledo, central Spain; Lecce, southeastern Italy; Chaal, central Tunisia). A statistical method using a partial leas...

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most consumed fruits, supplying humanity with both economic and nutritional benefits. However, its production is affected significantly by climatic conditions especially extreme weather events, such as heat...

In recent decades, airborne allergens for allergic respiratory diseases have been found to increase significantly by a process of converting coniferous forests into broad-leaved forests in Korea. This study was conducted to evaluate factors, includin...

Self-incompatibility (SI) is present in around half of all species of flowering plants. SI limits endogamy and contributes to increased genetic diversity. SI is a very important trait in citrus because, when coupled with parthenocarpy, it allows seed...

The study of flower visitor behavior and pollen transport dynamics within and between plants can be of great importance, especially for threatened or rare plant species. In this work, we aim to assess the flower visitor assemblage of the Madeiran end...

Pollination is essential for the reproductive output of crops. Anthropogenic disturbance and global pollinator decline limit pollination success, reducing the quantity or quality of pollen. Relationships between the abundance of flower visitors and f...

In flowering plants, fertilization is a complex process governed by precise communication between the male and female gametophytes. This review focuses on the roles of various female gametophyte cells—synergid, central, and egg cells—in f...

Barleria albostellata C.B. Clarke (grey barleria, Acanthaceae) is an indigenous shrub to South Africa and has been relatively understudied. This shrub is a valuable medicinal plant with a wide spectrum of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activitie...

Grasses produce large amounts of pollen and are among the main causes of pollen allergy worldwide. Quantification of the roles of individual grass species in airborne pollen is an important task, because morphologically indistinguishable pollen grain...

Previous studies have shown that pollen products sold as nutritional supplements and used in apitherapy may contain toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) if bees collect pollen from PA-containing plants, such as Echium vulgare. In this study, the botan...

A precipitation reaction method was employed to prepare mesopore calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) using rape flower pollen as the template. CaCO₃ adsorbent was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and Brunner&mi...

The study was devoted to morphological and cytoembryological analysis of disorders in the anther and pollen development of transgenic tomato plants with a normal and abnormal phenotype, which is characterized by the impaired development of generative...

The growing interest in pitaya has led to an increase in its cultivation worldwide. Unfortunately, the production of pitaya often depends on expensive hand-pollination. In this experiment, we compared the efficiency of different procedures in transfe...

Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (Fabaceae) is an endemic species in China, which has a wide range of ecological functions and high economic value. G. sinensis belongs to androdioecy, and the stamens of perfect flowers are aborted, meaning that a perfect flow...