334 Results Found

Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders, and almost 500 genes associated with these disorders have been identified. Defects in IEI genes lead to diverse clinical manifestations including increased susceptibili...

Proper telomere maintenance is crucial for ensuring healthy cellular function. Telomeres have a tendency to reduce in length with cellular aging. Moreover several factors may promote telomere attrition. Other conditions, primarily due to genetic and...

The presence of metastases in mediastinal lymph nodes (LNs) is essential for planning lung cancer treatment and assessing anticancer immune responses. The aim of the study was to assess LNs for the presence of neoplastic cells and evaluate lung cance...

Biomarkers are crucial in cancer diagnostics, prognosis, and surveillance. Extensive research has been dedicated to identifying biomarkers that are broadly applicable across multiple cancer types and can be easily obtained from routine investigations...

The occurrence of second primary malignancies is becoming increasingly important among cancer survivors. Melanoma, an aggressive neoplasm originating from the melanocytes, is responsible for most skin cancer-related deaths. This review aims to explor...

For patients with unresectable locally-advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC), concurrent chemoradiotherapy improves overall survival as compared to sequential chemotherapy and radiation therapy, but is associated with higher rates of toxicit...

Precision medicine is particularly relevant for cancer and microenvironment deconvolution for therapeutic purposes in hematological and non-hematological malignancies [...]

COVID-19, as a disease involving the endothelium of multiple organs, is characterized by high mortality rates among hospitalized patients. Patients with hematological malignancies are particularly at risk of an unfavorable course of COVID-19. The end...

To test the usefulness of the Cancer and Aging Research Group (CARG) predictive tool, it was used to assess elderly cancer patients with prior anticancer therapy. Among patients with solid malignancies aged ≥ 65 years receiving second-line chemoth...

Multiple myeloma is an incurable cancer formed by malignant plasma cells. For the proliferation and survival of myeloma cells, as well as the occurrence of the complications, numerous intra- and extra-cellular mechanisms are involved. The interaction...

Invasive and painful procedures, which often induce feelings of anxiety, are necessary components of pediatric cancer treatment, and adequate pain and anxiety management during these treatments is of pivotal importance. In this context, it is widely...

Taxane-derived agents are chemotherapy drugs widely employed in cancer treatment. Among them, paclitaxel and docetaxel are most commonly administered, but newer formulations are being investigated. Taxane antineoplastic activity is mainly based on th...

Prostate cancer can masquerade as just normocytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), or tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). We are reporting an intriguing case of metastatic prostate cance...

Doxorubicin is an effective chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of solid hematological and non-hematological carcinoma. However, its long-term usage could result in side effects, such as cardiomyopathy, chronic heart failure, neurotoxicity and ca...

Liquid profiling uses circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for minimal invasive tumor mutational profiling from peripheral blood. The presence of somatic mutations in peripheral blood cells without further evidence of a hematologic neoplasm defines clonal h...

With the ongoing progress of basic research along with the introduction of new pharmaceutical options spanning almost all therapeutic areas, the need for biomarkers that will be implemented into the personalized medical approach is higher than ever....

As patients with solid (non-hematological) cancers and a life expectancy of <3 months rarely benefit from oncological treatment, we examined whether the CT-determined loss of muscle mass is associated with an impaired 3-month overall survival (OS)...

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients experience multiple types of chemotoxicity affecting treatment compliance, survival, and quality of life (QOL). Prior research shows clinician-reported chemotoxicity (i.e., grading scales or diagnostic cod...

Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing techniques have significantly accelerated the development of personalized diagnostic tools and cancer treatments. However, a comparative analysis of experimental animals that share similar genetic, physio...

Cancer patients have higher prevalences of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs), occasionally associated with thrombotic events. A cross-sectional study regarding the presence of criteria (IgG/IgM anti-cardiolipin-aCL, anti-β2 glycoprotein I-a&bet...

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT-based secondary lymphoid organ metabolic ratios—spleen/liver (SLR), bone marrow/liver (BLR), and ileocecal region/liver (ILR)—and hematological inf...

B-cell leukemia/lymphoma protein 3 (Bcl3), a member of the IκB family proteins, regulates the transcriptional activities of the NF-κB family of transcription factors. It is known that aberrant Bcl3 activities induce malignancies of both h...

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the Cancer and Aging Research Group (CARG) predictive tool in older Japanese patients with cancer. Methods: Patients aged 65 years or older with solid tumors treated with new anticancer regim...

This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of trilaciclib in preventing myelosuppression in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Based on the use of trilaciclib, 81 patients were divided into a primary prevention group...

O. Harold Warwick graduated in medicine from McGill University as a gold medalist and Rhodes Scholar in 1940. After World War II, he started postgraduate training in Montreal, and in 1946, he began studying the newly described drug treatment of cance...

Oxaliplatin (OXA) is a platinum compound primarily used in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer. OXA-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (OXAIPN) is the major non-hematological dose-limiting toxicity of OXA-based chemotherapy and includes acute tran...

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is the ultimately lethal form of prostate cancer. Docetaxel chemotherapy was the first life-prolonging treatment for mCRPC; however, the standard maximally tolerated dose (MTD) docetaxel regimen...

Transcription factors Sox2 and Oct4 are essential in maintaining the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells and conferring stemness in cancer stem-like (CSL) cells. SORE6, an in-vitro reporter system, was designed to quantify the transcription activity...

Aneuploid circulating tumor cells (CTCs, CD31−) and circulating tumor endothelial cells (CTECs, CD31+) exhibit an active interplay in peripheral blood, and play an essential role in tumorigenesis, neoangiogenesis, disease progression, therapy-resista...

A phase I study was performed to determine the recommended dose of carbon ion radiotherapy and 3D image-guided brachytherapy for histologically confirmed stage II (≥4 cm), III, or IVA cervical cancer. Dose-limiting toxicities (treatment-related toxic...

Oral mucositis is the most common and severe non-hematological complication associated with cancer radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or their combination. Treatment of oral mucositis focuses on pain management and the use of natural anti-inflammatory, some...

CD300 family members are immunoglobulin superfamily receptors that regulate immune cell function through either activating or inhibitory signals. Among them, CD300a is a prototypical inhibitory receptor, highly expressed in both myeloid and lymphoid...

Background and Objectives: Standard treatment in metastatic breast cancer with positive estrogen receptors and negative HER2neu is represented by CDK4 inhibitors combined with aromatase inhibitors or fulvestrant. Palliative radiotherapy is indicated...

About 30 years ago, the first clinical trials of the safety and efficacy of recombinant interferon-α2 (rIFN-α2) were performed. Since then, several single-arm studies have shown rIFN-α2 to be a highly potent anticancer agent against...

Targeting PI3Kδ has emerged as a promising therapy for hematologic and non-hematologic malignancies. Previously, we identified an oncogenic splice variant, PIK3CD-S, conferring Idelalisib resistance in African American (AA) prostate cancer (PCa...

Background/Objectives: Platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC) is a major therapeutic challenge, as it responds poorly to standard platinum-based treatment, has limited treatment options, and offers a generally unfavorable prognosis. Chemotherapeuti...

Background and Objectives: Oral mucositis, a severe non-hematological complication, can be induced by chemoradiotherapy. It is associated with severe local dysfunction, severely affecting the patient’s quality of life; it increases the risk of...

Cutaneous and oral mucosal adverse events (AEs) are among the most common non-hematologic toxicities observed during breast cancer treatment. These complications arise across various therapeutic modalities including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, ho...

Background: Both gemcitabine- and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy regimens have demonstrated efficacy in metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC). Alternating these regimens may reduce toxicity, slow resistant cancer biology emergence, and provide...

Conventional circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection technologies are restricted to large tumor cells (> white blood cells (WBCs)), or those unique carcinoma cells with double positive expression of surface epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)...

Background: Chronic periodontitis, an inflammation-related disorder affecting global populations, has been revealed to be linked to diverse cancers. Numerous epidemiological studies have not shown a link between chronic periodontitis and blood cancer...

Mortality rates for COVID-19 have declined over time in the general population, but data in patients with hematologic malignancies are contradictory. We identified independent prognostic factors for COVID-19 severity and survival in unvaccinated pati...

An estimated 1.24 million blood cancer cases occur annually worldwide, accounting for approximately 6% of all cancer cases. Currently, there are no standardized hematology cancer screening tests that are recommended for the general population. CD24 i...

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of non-cancer-related mortality in cancer patients. Understanding how demographic factors and cancer types influence VTE risk is critical for developing prevention strategies. This study inv...

Background/Objectives: The hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis is known to be dysregulated in patients with hematological malignancies. However, data on the association between the type of hematological malignancies and semen quality are discordant. I...

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and clinically relevant complication in cancer patients, with highly variable incidence. AKI increases morbidity and mortality, prolongs hospitalization, and may limit access to oncologic therapies....

Background: Hereditary Multiple Exostoses (HME) is a rare autosomal dominant skeletal disorder resulting from loss-of-function variants in the EXT1, EXT2, or EXT3 genes. While malignant transformation into chondrosarcoma is well documented, the incid...

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a subset of heterogeneous, non-hematopoietic fibroblast-like cells which play important roles in tissue repair, inflammation, and immune modulation. MSCs residing in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) functio...

Within recent years, many precision cancer medicine initiatives have been developed. Most of these have focused on solid cancers, while the potential of precision medicine for patients with hematological malignancies, especially in the relapse situat...

In the past decade, several studies have reported that patients with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) have an increased risk of second solid cancer or lymphoid hematological cancer. In this qualitative review study, we present results from...