The neuroimmune and neuroendocrine systems are two critical biological systems in the pathogenesis of depression. Clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated that the activation of the neuroinflammatory response of the immune system and hypera...
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (E. ulmoides) is a popular medicinal herb and health supplement in China, Japan, and Korea, and has a variety of pharmaceutical properties. The neuroendocrine–immune (NEI) network is crucial in maintaining homeostasis a...
As one of the conventional treatment methods, acupuncture is an indispensable component of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Currently, acupuncture has been partly accepted throughout the world, but the mechanism of acupuncture is still unclear. Since th...
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) have been present on Earth for over 2 billion years, and can produce a variety of bioactive molecules, such as cyanotoxins. Microcystins (MCs), the most frequently detected cyanotoxins, pose a threat to the aquatic en...
14 October 2022
Both psychosocial and physical environmental stressors have been linked to chronic mental health and chronic medical conditions. The psycho-immune-neuroendocrine (PINE) network details metabolomic pathways which are responsive to varied stressors and...
Background: Aging is accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) and neuroendocrine–immune imbalance. This study evaluated blood concentrations of cortisol, melatonin, and Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines in elderly individuals. Methods:...
Rheumatic diseases encompass a diverse group of chronic disorders that commonly affect musculoskeletal structures. Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are the two most common, leading to considerable functional limitations and irreversi...
Long-lasting brain fatigue is a consequence of stroke or traumatic brain injury associated with emotional, psychological, and physical overload, distress in hypertension, atherosclerosis, viral infection, and aging-related chronic low-grade inflammat...
In fish, as observed in mammals, any stressful event affects the immune system to a larger or shorter extent. The neuroendocrine-immune axis is a bi-directional network of mobile compounds and their receptors that are shared between both systems (neu...
From a psychoneuroimmunology standpoint, stress and cigarette smoking are plausible modulators of periodontal inflammation through neuroendocrine–immune pathways and cytokine networks. Interleukin-18 (IL-1 family), interleukin-21 (common &gamma...
Goldfish (Carassius auratus) gills function as both respiratory and immune-regulatory organs, integrating neuroendocrine and immune responses to environmental stimuli. This study explores the spatial organization and interaction of neuroendocrine cel...
Many marine invertebrate larvae undergo complex morphological and physiological changes during the planktonic—benthic transition (a.k.a. metamorphosis). In this study, transcriptome analysis of different developmental stages was used to uncover...
The gut-brain axis is a complex communication network linking the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system, in which the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in regulating intestinal homeostasis, immune responses and neuroendocrine functi...
Obesity is redefined as a complex systemic disease, transcending mere caloric imbalance, driven by intricate dysregulation across metabolic, neuroendocrine, immunological, and epigenetic axes. Central to its pathology is adipose tissue, which is cons...
The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication network in which gut microbiota and their metabolites influence central nervous system (CNS) function. Among these metabolites, bile acids have emerged as key signaling molecules that modulate...
Music is a near-universal anthropological and sensory phenomenon that engages distributed brain networks and peripheral physiological systems to shape emotion, cognition, sociality, and bodily regulation. Evidence from electrophysiology, neuroimaging...
Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease with complex genetic, environmental, and immunological determinants. Beyond the skin, it affects multiple systems, including the joints and cardiovascular system. A hallmark of psorias...
Objectives: To comprehensively review the scientific knowledge on the gut–brain axis. Methods: Various publications on the gut–brain axis, until 31 July 2017, were screened using the Medline, Google, and Cochrane Library databases. The search was per...
The hypothalamus–pituitary–ovarian (HPO) axis orchestrates reproductive functions through intricate neuroendocrine crosstalk. Here, we integrated single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) to decode the cel...
Melanocytes produce melanin to protect the skin from UV-B radiation. Notwithstanding, the spectrum of their functions extends far beyond their well-known role as melanin production factories. Melanocytes have been considered as sensory and computatio...
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are natural or synthetic substances that are able to interfere with hormonal systems and alter their physiological signaling. EDCs have been recognized as a public health issue due to their widespread use, enviro...
Although numerous studies have shown that the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis plays a vital role in the response to environmental stress by mediating the production of a series of hormones, the mechanism underlying these effects has n...
Damage to the tissue and the ruining of functions characterize autoimmune syndromes. This review centers around leaky gut syndromes and how they stimulate autoimmune pathogenesis. Lymphoid tissue commonly associated with the gut, together with the ne...
Adenohypophysal pituitary tumors account for 10–15% of all intracranial tumors, and 25–55% display signs of invasiveness. Nevertheless, oncology still relies on histopathological examination to establish the diagnosis. Considering that th...
Growing evidence shows that the neuroendocrine immunomodulation (NIM) network plays an important role in maintaining and modulating body function and the homeostasis of the internal environment. The disequilibrium of NIM in the body is closely associ...
Background: Over recent decades, a growing body of evidence has emerged linking the composition of the gut microbiota to sleep regulation. Interestingly, the prevalence of sleep disorders is commonly related to cardiometabolic comorbidities such as d...
The lung is increasingly recognized as an organ with dual endocrine and respiratory roles, participating in a complex bidirectional crosstalk with systemic hormones and local/paracrine activity. Endocrine and paracrine pathways regulate lung developm...
Plant growth and development exhibit plasticity, and plants can adapt to environmental changes and stress. Various phytohormones interact synergistically or antagonistically to regulate these responses. Melatonin and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) are wi...
Androgen-indifferent prostate cancer (AIPC) is increasingly common and particularly lethal. Data describing these tumors are sparse, and AIPC remains a poorly understood malignancy. Utilizing the Oncology Research Information Exchange Network (ORIEN)...
Circadian rhythms integrate a finely tuned network of biological processes recurring every 24 h, intricately coordinating the machinery of all cells. This self-regulating system plays a pivotal role in synchronizing physiological and behavioral respo...
Background: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine malignancy characterized by rapid growth, early metastatic dissemination, and a dismal prognosis. For decades, treatment paradigms remained largely stagnant, particularly...
Tumor microenvironment inflammation contributes to the proliferation and survival of malignant cells, angiogenesis, metastasis, subversion of adaptive immunity, and reduced treatment response. We aimed to evaluate the early predictive and prognostic...
Epidemiological studies have shown that a substantial proportion of acute coronary events occur in individuals who lack the traditional high-risk cardiovascular (CV) profile. Mental stress is an emerging risk and prognostic factor for coronary artery...
Background/Objectives: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition often accompanied by gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and gut microbiota imbalances. The microbiota–gut–brain (MGB) axis is a bidirectional communicatio...