42 Results Found

This article reports a novel photocatalytic lime render for indoor and outdoor air quality improvement that is composed of a lime binder and doped TiO₂ (KRONOClean 7000^®) nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were distributed throughout the bulk of the...

The global objective of this work was to manufacture resistant and durable (water resistant) earth renders with good thermal insulation. For this purpose, a medium plastic clayey soil from Kôdéni (Burkina Faso), constituted by kaolinite (62 wt.%), qu...

The interaction of microencapsulated phase change materials (PCMs) with polymeric chemical additives in an air lime binding matrix was studied. These polymer-based additives included an adhesion booster (derived from starch) and a superplasticizer (p...

The aim of this work is to determine how the mechanical and physical properties of render mortars, in particular their moisture performance, are affected by the application of paint. In this study, three commercial paints, hydro-pliolite-based paint,...

With an increased focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, energy saving is of great importance in all sectors of society. EU directives set targets for member states to reduce energy use in buildings. Energy saving in historic buildings requires...

Coir fiber is a by-product waste generated in large scale. Considering that most of these wastes do not have a proper disposal, several applications to coir fibers in engineering have been investigated in order to provide a suitable use, since coir f...

This paper addresses the study of renders and plasters’ physical and mechanical characteristics from selected buildings awarded during the 20th century with a renowned architectural prize in Lisbon, Portugal. The characterisation was done to un...

One of the main functions of renders, together with the overall aesthetic appearance of the building, is the protection of the walls against external aggressive actions, such as water, salts solutions, erosion, and mechanical impacts. However, some a...

The susceptibility of rendering mortars to cracking is a complex phenomenon. Fibers have been incorporated in mortars to ensure the durability of the render and can improve the flexural strength, fracture toughness, and impact resistance of the morta...

Salt crystallization is one of the main decay processes in historic masonry mortars, and climate change can worsen the salt weathering effects on those materials as result of, e.g., more often rain falls, more intense solar radiation and sea level ri...

Lime-based repair mortars, plasters, and renders are widely utilized in the conservation of traditional buildings. Historically, considerable emphasis has been placed on ensuring that new repair mortars are aesthetically compatible with existing hist...

Rendering mortars with lightweight zeolite aggregates were designed and tested. The effect of the type of binder used was also researched. For the hardened mortars, macrostructural parameters, mechanical characteristics, hygric and thermal properties...

Old masonry buildings, which are frequently part of the cities-built heritage, are vulnerable to seismic actions. Thus, it is important to conduct efficient seismic strengthening interventions that allow maintenance of the existing building to minimi...

Lime mixes are the primary material for restoration work in historic buildings. The research object of this study is modifying lime binders with specially synthesized calcium silicate hydrates (CSHs). This study aimed to improve lime render mixes’ we...

In this paper, crushed lava granulate was used as full silica sand replacement in composition of repair mortars based on hydrated lime, natural hydraulic lime, or cement-lime binder. Lava granules were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), X...

Silica aerogel has remarkable properties, particularly its translucence/transparency, extremely low thermal conductivity and density. Due to these properties, it can be used for the thermal insulation of buildings for energy saving, cost saving, and...

In order to revitalize and preserve the Paimogo Fort, a Portuguese coastline military fortification built in 1674 and classified as of public interest since 1957, several lime-based repair rendering mortars were developed, considering the compatibili...

Mechanically-activated wood-based biomass ash (WBA) was studied as a potential active admixture for design of a novel lime-pozzolan-based mortar for renovation purposes. The replacement ratio of lime hydrate in a mortar mix composition was 5%, 10%, a...

URM (Unreinforced Masonry) historic buildings can be generally arranged into three categories: adobe, brick and stone masonry. However, a common feature of URM structures is typically the low mechanical properties of the masonry material, especially...

Statistical models using multiple linear regression are some of the most widely used methods to study the influence of independent variables in a given phenomenon. This study’s objective is to understand the influence of the various components of aer...

In accordance with current sustainable development objectives, it is intended to implement innovative and sustainable solutions at economic, environmental, and functional levels, boosting the construction sector to increasingly contribute to society....

This research analyses straw degradation inside straw bale walls in the region and develops the prediction of degradation inside straw bale walls. The results show that the straw inside straw bale walls have no serious concerns of degradation in the...

The goal of the paper was development and testing of a novel type of ternary blended binder based on lime hydrate, metakaolin, and biomass ash that was studied as a binding material for production of lightweight mortar for renovation purposes. The bi...

In order to fully perform their functions and be durable, mortars for renders and plasters are requested to have a set of characteristics that can vary with the type of exposure to external environmental actions and the type of substrate. Generally,...

Natural and bio-based thermal insulation materials play an important role in the lifecycle impact of buildings due to their influence on the amount of energy used in indoor temperature control and the environmental impact of building debris. Among bi...

This paper explores the historical and geological background of the refectory of the Manzana Jesuítica in the city of Córdoba (Argentina), as a basis for characterising some of the building materials used in it. The aim is to gain a bet...

This study formulates an efficient, affordable, and low-carbon binder based on locally excavated earth from Yaoundé, offering sufficient mechanical strength and water resistance for rendering applications. Through material characterization, a...

Renders should have an adequate resistance to impacts, since they must protect the substrate. The use of fibres may enhance the energy absorbed when the mortars are submitted to an impact load, which contributes to postpone the first crack, and contr...

This paper reports on the mineralogical characterisation of samples of wall paintings from various Roman sites in Lombardy (Italy), revealing recurrent types of stratigraphy. One of the stratigraphic samples analysed was found to be a particular kind...

Very large quantities of stone waste sludge are disposed in exhausted quarries and have a very low reuse rate to date. The paper considers the possibility of using these types of industrial waste in partial substitution of natural aggregates for the...

Nowadays, the design and use of multi-functional mortars has increased significantly, with interesting applications in the green building and cultural heritage conservation sectors. A key point for a correct adoption of these innovative materials is...

The utilization of waste fly ash in road construction is primarily confined to its use in embankment filling or as a stabilizer when combined with lime and cement. Its application in structural pavement layers, such as the base and subbase, faces a c...

Salt-induced deterioration of architectural heritage is accelerated drastically in marine environments. This paper investigates the deterioration mechanism of the Shore Temple using various analytical techniques. Deteriorated and pristine stone sampl...

In this study, the microstructure of mock-up mortar specimens for a historic environment, composed of different mixtures, was studied using mercury intrusion porosity (MIP) and microcomputed tomography (µCT), highlighting the advantages and drawbacks...

With the availability of commercial Natural cements (NC) for the conservation purposes raises a fundamental question about the compatibility between historic and repair mortars. The properties of Natural cements are dependent on the geological locati...

This paper discusses the integration of an alkali-activated mortar (AAM), based on industrial waste, into a novel composite material fit for structural upgrading purposes and rendered with high temperature endurance and a low CO₂ footprint. The AAM c...

Non-structural masonry partition walls, which are mainly designed to functionally separate spaces in the buildings and provide physical barriers between rooms, were traditionally built from either solid or hollow clay units or autoclaved aerated conc...

The archaeological site of villa Horta da Torre in Portugal reveals distinctive architectural features within the context of Roman villae in Hispania. Notably, the triclinium was designed with an artificial cascade originating from a double apse wall...

Obtained natural sands can present different particle size distributions (PSD), although they have the same mineralogical origin. These differences directly influence the physical and mechanical behavior of mortars and, therefore, the performance of...

Improving mortar shielding properties to preserve environmental and human safety in radiation facilities is essential. Conventional cement mortars, composed of cement, water, and lime aggregate, are crucial for radiation shielding. Using recycled agg...

The increasing sophistication of fraud has rendered rule-based fraud detection obsolete, exposing banks to greater financial risk, reputational damage, and regulatory penalties. Financial stability, customer trust, and compliance are increasingly thr...

Noise pollution is an issue of high concern in urban environments and current standards and regulations trend to increase acoustic insulation requirements concerning airborne noise control. The design and development of novel building materials with...