165 Results Found

Radiation-induced keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is a significant late complication in dogs receiving radiation therapy for intranasal tumors, particularly with hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). This retrospective case-...

Background: Proton therapy requires caution when treating patients with targets near neural structures. Intuitive and quantitative guidelines are needed to support decision-making concerning the treatment modality. This study compared dosimetric prof...

The conventional approach to intensity-modulated radiation therapy treatment planning involves two distinct strategies: optimizing an evaluation function while accounting for dose constraints, and solving feasibility problems using feasibility-seekin...

Background and Objectives: Treatment options for most patients with recurrent cervical cancer within the previously irradiated field are limited. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and safety of re-irradiation using intensity-modulated r...

Background: Growing patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were treated with intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT). However, a high probability of severe acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) was observed. The objective of the study is to invest...

An optimization framework that effectively balances dose–volume constraints and treatment objectives is required in intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) planning. In our previous work, we proposed a dynamical systems-based approach in w...

Radiation therapy (RT) as part of multidisciplinary oncologic care has been marked by profound advancements over the past decades. As part of multimodality therapy for esophageal cancer (EC), a prime goal of RT is to minimize not only treatment toxic...

Background/Objectives: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for skull base reirradiation is particularly challenging, as patients have already received substantial radiation doses to the region, and nearby normal organs may have approached thei...

Background: To date, intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and CCRT with standard fractionation three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) have not been compared. In this study, the outcomes...

Prior to the 1980s, the primary management of localized anal cancer was surgical resection. Dr. Norman Nigro and colleagues introduced neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy prior to abdominoperineal resection. Chemoradiotherapy 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C...

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most deadly cancers due to its extremely aggressive nature and poor survival rate. Central to East Asia is one of regions with the highest incidence of ESCC. In these five papers, the internatio...

Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is one of the most used techniques for cancer treatment. Using a linear accelerator, it delivers radiation directly at the cancerogenic cells in the tumour, reducing the impact of the radiation on the orga...

In this article, we investigate the Minimum Cardinality Segmentation Problem (MCSP), an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem arising in intensity-modulated radiation therapy. The problem consists in decomposing a given nonnegative integer matri...

Background and Objectives: Determine the contribution of coexisting factors to the risk to develop Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws among patients who have received radiotherapy by intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for head and neck ca...

This study compared the efficacy and safety of pencil beam scanning proton therapy (PBSPT) versus intensity-modulated (photon) radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We retrospectively reviewed 219 patients...

Background: While pre-operative radiation did not improve abdominal recurrence-free survival for retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) in the randomized STRASS trial, it did reduce rates of local recurrence. However, the risk of toxicity was substantial and...

This study evaluated dose differences in normal organs at risk, such as the lungs, heart, left anterior descending artery (LAD), right coronary artery, left ventricle, and right breast under personalized breast holder (PERSBRA), when using intensity-...

Background: Proton beam radiotherapy (PBT) offers physical dose advantages that might reduce the risk for secondary malignancies (SM). The aim of the current study is to calculate the risk for SM after X-ray-based 3D conformal (3DCRT) radiotherapy, i...

Objective: to show an overview on the treatments’ options for stage I and II oropharyngeal carcinomasquamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). Background: The traditional primary treatment modality of OPSCC at early stages is intensity modulated radiatio...

Background and purpose: Proton therapy has been shown to provide dosimetric benefits in comparison with IMRT when treating prostate cancer with whole pelvis radiation; however, the optimal proton beam arrangement has yet to be established. The aim of...

In intensity-modulated radiation therapy, treatment planners aim to irradiate the tumour according to a medical prescription while sparing surrounding organs at risk as much as possible. Although this problem is inherently a multi-objective optimisat...

Purpose: To report the early clinical outcomes of combining intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) in comparison with IMRT alone in treating oropharynx cancer (OPC) patients. Materials and Methods:...

A 9-year-old male intact domestic cat weighing 4.6 kg was referred for tachypnea. A large mass was visible in computed tomography (CT) scans of the thoracic cavity. A histopathological evaluation of the mass was consistent with thymoma. The cat was t...

Background/Objectives: We aimed to compare the salivary gland volume changes following intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) alone versus IMRT/intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) combination in oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). Methods: We ret...

A recent approach to radiotherapy for prostate cancer is the administration of high doses of radiation to the prostate while minimizing the risk of side effects. Thus, image-guided radiotherapy utilizes advanced imaging techniques and is a feasible s...

Purpose: To report the toxicity and long-term outcomes of dose-escalated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for patients with localised prostate cancer. Methods and Materials: From 2001 to 2005, a total of 125 patients with histologically c...

Radiation therapy (RT) has been one of the standard treatments for prostate cancer; however, its potential impact on nearby neural structures, such as the lumbosacral plexus (LSP), is often overlooked. The lack of contouring in treatment plans has le...

Background: Salivary duct carcinomas (SDC) are a rare and aggressive subtype of salivary gland neoplasm. They can present with distinct immunoprofiles, such as androgen receptor (AR) and HER-2/Neu-positivity. To date, no consensus exists on how to be...

Background: The aim of this study is to examine the dosimetric influence of endorectal balloons (ERB) on rectal sparing in prostate cancer patients with implanted hydrogel rectum spacers treated with dose-escalated or hypofractionated intensity-modul...

Self-care demonstrated efficacy in preventing severe acute radiation dermatitis among patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma undergoing chemoradiotherapy (CRT). This prospective trial aimed to confirm the feasibility and safety of transc...

Background and Objectives: Conventional radiotherapies used in the current management of rectal cancer commonly cause iatrogenic radiotoxicity. Proton beam therapy has emerged as an alternative to conventional radiotherapy with the aim of improving t...

We compared the effect of set-up error and uncertainty on two radiation therapy treatment plans for head and neck cancer: one using intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and one using conventional three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy...

Background: While prognosis of glioblastoma after trimodality treatment is well examined, recurrence pattern with respect to the delivered dose distribution is less well described. Therefore, here we examine the gain of additional margins around the...

Background: Moderate hypofractionated radiotherapy (MHRT) has emerged as the preferred treatment modality for localized prostate cancer based on randomized controlled studies regarding efficacy and toxicity using contemporary radiotherapy techniques....

This study evaluated the toxicity associated with radiation techniques on curative re-irradiation (re-RT) in patients with thoracic recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). From 2011 to 2019, we retrospectively reviewed the data of 63 patien...

Radiation therapy plays a central role in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. While generally shown to be feasible, proton irradiation, particularly when an ablative dose is planned, remains a challenge, especially due to tumor motion and the proximi...

Purpose: We aim to evaluate the robustness of multi-field IMRT and VMAT plans to target motion for left-sided BC radiotherapy. Methods: The 7-field hybrid IMRT (7F-H-IMRT) and 2-arc VMAT (2A-VMAT) plans were generated for ten left-sided BC patients....

Cancer radiotherapy (RT) induces response of the whole patient’s body that could be detected at the blood level. We aimed to identify changes induced in serum lipidome during RT and characterize their association with doses and volumes of irradiated...

Various commercial auto-contouring solutions have emerged over past few years to address labor-intensiveness, and inter- and intra-operator variabilities issues of traditional manual anatomy contouring for head and neck (H&N) radiation therapy (R...

The value of post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) tumor volume for prognostication in loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) is unascertained. Here, we recruited 4109 histologically proven LA-NPC (stage III-IVA) that were treated...

Background: Pineal parenchymal cell tumors constitute a rare group of primary central nervous system neoplasms (less than 1%). Their classification, especially the intermediate subtype (PPTIDs), remains challenging. Methods: A literature review was c...

Background: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for T3-4 rectal cancer. Here, we compared image-guided and intensity-modulated RT (IG-IMRT) with a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) (instead of concomitant chemotherapy) ve...

Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) is a complex radiation technique employed to treat patients with primitive neuroectodermal tumors such as medulloblastoma or germinative brain tumors with the risk of leptomeningeal spread. In adults, this technique pos...

In vitro survival measurements using two human head-and-neck cancer (HNC) cell lines were performed. The specially designed split-dose surviving fraction was obtained and fitted to the linear-quadratic formalism. The repair halftime (Tr), the potenti...

Background. While neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy has improved outcomes for esophageal cancer patients, surgical complication rates remain high. The most frequent perioperative complications after trimodality therapy were cardiopulmonary in...

This study aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes and the toxicity of intensity-modulated radiation therapy with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB-IMRT) combined with androgen-deprivation therapy for clinically node-positive (cN1) prostate cancer. We r...

Background: Oral mucositis is an acute adverse reaction with high incidence during radiotherapy. Severe oral mucositis can seriously affect patients’ quality of life and compliance with radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to identify the ri...

Cisplatin, one of the most ototoxic anti-neoplastic agents, causes permanent hearing loss in up to 90% of patients. We assessed ototoxicity rates and prospectively collected audiologic outcomes of patients receiving low-dose or high-dose cisplatin wi...

The majority of advanced cancer patients suffer from pain, which severely deteriorates their quality of life. Apart from analgesics, bisphosphonates, and invasive methods of analgesic treatment (e.g., intraspinal and epidural analgesics or neurolytic...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the acute and medium-term toxicities, the quality of life, and aesthetic results of patients with breast cancer (BC) treated with tomotherapy. This was a prospective study, including patients with BC treate...