313 Results Found

Because of economic reform, dietary pattern in China changed rapidly during the past two decades. Meanwhile, the changes of income and nutrients intake had the same trend. This study aims to measure the income-related inequality in daily nutrients in...

In recent decades, China has experienced rapid economic growth and rising health inequality. The government has introduced a nationwide health care reform aimed at achieving affordable and equitable basic health care for all. This paper investigates...

Disparities in resources and access to material opportunities are important determinants of income-related health inequality. This paper hypothesises that the gradient of the inequality in health between the poor and the rich is likely to depend on d...

Background: Eliminating inequality in health service utilization is an explicit goal of China’s health system. Rural migrant workers with New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance (NCMS) still face the dilemma of limited health service; however, there...

Lack of adequate dietary knowledge may result in poor health conditions. This study aims to measure income-related inequality in dietary knowledge, and to explain the sources of the inequality. Data were from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CH...

Health inequalities among immigrant minorities have been under-researched in South Korea. This study, therefore, measured the extent of income-related inequalities in self-reported depression and self-rated health (SRH) among married immigrants in So...

Since 2009, the National Health Insurance in Korea (NHI) has been implementing a series of policies to expand the scope of dental benefits. This study reviewed the changes in co-payments and dental use patterns before (2008 to 2012) and after (2013 t...

Background: This study aimed to evaluate whether income-related inequalities in access to dental care services exist in Japan. Methods: The subjects included beneficiaries of the National Health Insurance (NHI) in Chiba City, Japan, who had been enro...

This study investigated income-related health inequality at sub-national level, focusing on mortality inequality among middle-aged and older adults (MOAs). Specifically, we examined income-related mortality inequality and its social factors among MOA...

Thailand is attempting to implement an effective health insurance scheme to cover all migrant workers in the country. One of the remarkable policies is the Social Security Scheme (SSS). This study aims to assess the equity of SSS coverage among migra...

Immunization of pregnant women against tetanus is a key strategy for reducing tetanus morbidity and mortality while also achieving the goal of maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination. Despite substantial progress in improving newborn protection fro...

Background: Health inequality is seen as a challenge for implementing the Healthy China Strategy. This study analyzes the income-related health inequality among urban–rural resident basic medical insurance (URRBMI) participants. Methods: This s...

Background: The disruption in healthcare provision due to the COVID-19 pandemic forced many non-urgent medical treatments and appointments to be postponed or denied, which is expected to have huge impact on non-acute health conditions, especially in...

Despite advances in scaling up new vaccines in low- and middle-income countries, the global number of unvaccinated children has remained high over the past decade. We used 2000–2019 household survey data from 154 surveys representing 89 low- an...

The United Nation’s Agenda 2030, with its seventeen sustainable development goals, aims to alleviate poverty and reduce social inequality, among other things. The political program provokes numerous ambitious measures but leaves room for variou...

The global financial crisis of 2008 has led to the reinforcement of patient cost sharing in health care policy. This study aimed to explore the impact of direct out-of pocket payments (OOPs) on health care utilization and the resulting financial burd...

Cancer disparities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) arise from multifaceted interactions between environmental exposures, infectious agents, and systemic inequities, such as limited access to care. The exposome, a framework encompassing th...

This paper estimates the prevalence of self-reported cataract and associated risk factors among individuals aged ≥50 years in South Africa. Data from a nationally-representative cross-sectional Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE) (N = 3646...

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to assess whether income was associated with dental caries experience and dental care levels among 12-year-old children in two contrasting economic contexts, Sri Lanka (lower-middle-income) and Wales (high-inco...

In contrast to the decreasing burden related to cardiovascular disease (CVD), the burden related to dysglycemia and adiposity complications is increasing in Czechia, and local drivers must be identified. A comprehensive literature review was performe...

While increased household income is associated with overall decreased screen time for children, less is known about the effect of racial variation on this association. According to Minorities’ Diminished Returns (MDRs) theory, family income and...

Protected areas including national/state parks and recreational waters are excellent natural resources that promote physical activity and interaction with Nature, which can relieve stress and reduce disease risk. Despite their importance, however, th...

Background: Long-term care (LTC) services help the elderly maintain their functional ability and live with dignity. In China, the establishment of an equitable LTC system is a primary focus of the current public health reform. This paper assesses lev...

Aims: Low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) are associated with metabolic benefits, but their long-term effects remain uncertain, particularly in Asian populations with traditionally high carbohydrate intake. This study examined LCD patterns and their associ...

Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between income inequality and objective environmental pollution, but few focus on the nexus between income inequality and subjective environmental pollution (SEP). Using micro data from the Chinese...

There is dense literature on the relationship between financial sector development (FSD) and income inequality. However, most of these studies employ a depth measure of FSD. This study argues that different components of FSD have a heterogenous impac...

Background: Higher income and education and lower income inequality in a neighbourhood have been shown to be related to better mental health outcome in developed countries. However, it is not clear whether these factors would affect the subjective we...

The rapid development of the digital economy has brought profound changes related to income inequity, while its impact on educational income inequity remains unclear, and this paper attempts to fill the gap. The purpose of this paper is to investigat...

This study examines the impact of demographic shifts on income inequality among farm households over an 18-year period, from 2003 to 2021. Our principal aim is to determine whether changes in income inequality are driven more by intra-group changes i...

Obesity is a prominent global public health challenge as its prevalence has grown. Even though the increase in prevalence of obesity in Korea has been relatively low, it is expected to continually increase in the next several years, leading to social...

Countries with different oral health care systems may have different levels of oral health related inequalities. We compared the socioeconomic inequalities in oral health among older adults in Japan and England. We used the data for adults aged 65 ye...

In recent decades, several countries have implemented paid parental leave for parents. This paper discusses the correlation between paid parental leave—which in Austria corresponds with receiving childcare benefits—and changing gender rol...

Institutions help to streamline the economic activity-related procedures, where government intervention might be involved. Institutions also play a significant role in social sustainability. The findings using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag appro...

This paper first explores three lessons about income inequality that have emerged in cross-disciplinary study. Second, it relates those lessons to ethical practices in social work and social services, and other ethics of social justice. Third, it bri...

This paper examines the relationship between currency misalignment and income inequality across 70 countries from 1998 to 2021. Currency misalignment occurs when the actual exchange rate diverges significantly from the equilibrium exchange rate. Usin...

Income inequality and environmental pollution are of great concern in China. It is important to better understand whether the narrowing of income inequality and environmental improvement contradict each other. The study aims to investigate the linkag...

Financial development has been considered an efficient and effective mechanism for the sustainable economic growth and development of emerging markets in past decades. However, various concerns have emerged in relation to the influences of financial...

Instrumental arguments linking inequality to environmental sustainability often suppose a negative relationship between inequality and social cohesion. While social cohesion is difficult to measure, there are measures of a narrower concept, social tr...

The rapport between international trade and income inequality came to light after the Heckscher–Ohlin/Stolper–Samuelson theorem (HOS). Nevertheless, researchers have not concluded whether the HOS theory truly reflects reality. Even though...

Previous research has confirmed a positive association between income and health, but there are still a lot of inconsistencies on how income affects health. Indeed, this impact is caused by overlaying of absolute income and relative income effects, a...

The reversal of the trend towards the decline in income inequality in the last four decades in most countries has created favorable grounds for the rise of nationalist and anti-globalization sentiments. Economic failures of countries, groups of peopl...

Objective: Assess the magnitude of the socioeconomic inequalities related to the impact of oral health on quality of life among adults and elderly individuals. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with data from the most recent oral health surve...

Since the 1980s, the United States has witnessed increasing wealth concentration in the hands of the ultra-rich. Measured at the state level, the top 10 percent of income earners amassed roughly 43% of total income, and economic growth only enhanced...

This study investigates the impact of remittances on income inequality in Lebanon using annual time-series data for the years 2000–2023. Applying Johansen’s cointegration test, with financial development (FD), GDP, and household consumpti...

Objectives: Previous research has indicated that area-level income inequality is associated with increased risk in alcohol consumption. However, few studies have been conducted among adolescents living within smaller area units, such as neighborhoods...

Taking into account the evolution of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), it is wondered to what extent the “green” transformation of this policy and the accompanying change in the distribution of direct payments between farms contribute...

Sustainable finance seeks to increase the contribution of finance to sustainable and inclusive growth. The global financial crisis of 2008 provoked the return of inequality in advanced countries to levels typical of a century ago. The aim of this pap...

This study examines the key factors that are associated with the geography of economic segregation across US metros. It connects the sociological literature on the extent and variation of economic segregation to the urban economics literature on the...

The assessment of early life socioeconomic position (SEP) is essential to the tackling of social inequalities in health. Although different indicators capture different SEP dimensions, maternal education is often used as the only indicator in birth c...

The inequality within the 27 European member states has been studied. Six indicators proclaimed by Eurostat to be the main indicators charactere the countries: (i) the relative median at-risk-of-poverty gap, (ii) the income distribution, (iii) the in...