This research focuses on the seasonal patterns of the ecophysiological recovery of four olive cultivars (Arbequina, Coratina, Frantoio, and Urano), both micropropagated and self-rooted, grown in a mature, irrigated, super high-density (SHD) orchard u...
A sudden, unexplained decline and collapse of young apple trees on dwarfing and semi-dwarfing rootstocks has been reported across North America over the past decade. Although viruses have been detected in declining trees, no information is available...
The production of olive oil in Portugal and other countries of the Mediterranean region has greatly increased in recent years. Intensification efforts have focused on the growth of the planted area, but also on the increase of the orchards density an...
In high-density olive orchards, weed control along the row is pivotal to avoid the competition between the young trees and the weeds to promote a strong vegetative growth of the olives during the first years after planting. Two different mechanical w...
Weed management is not yet environmentally, agronomically, economically and socially sustainable in olive orchards. It is necessary to study appropriate integrated weed management systems (IWMSs) based on the knowledge of weed population and effects...
Peach production in the USA has been in decline in recent decades due to poor fruit quality, reduced consumption and increased cost of production. Productivity and fruit quality can only be enhanced in the orchard through optimizing preharvest factor...
Trendy high-density olive fields are often monovarietal orchards, mostly using the cultivar Arbequina. However, Arbequina shows a strong self-incompatibility response, and its yields depend on wind cross-pollination, which is not always available. Wi...
In this work, the quality parameters of the oils of seven different varieties of olives (Olea europaea cvs, “Arbequina”, “Arbosana”, “Cobrançosa”, “Cornicabra”, “Koroneiki”, “Ca...
By 2022, the total area of super high-density (SHD) almond orchards worldwide had spread to 14,622 ha. As well as factors such as spacing, and tree architecture, proper row orientation should ensure a more efficient sun exposure, yield and harvesting...
In Portugal, the study of mechanical pruning in olive orchards began in 1997. Trials were carried out in traditional orchards, and the obtained results revealed that mechanical pruning can contribute to the reduction in pruning costs without a reduct...
Super high-density (SHD) planting systems are very efficient in terms of production and water use. In these orchards, water-saving irrigation strategies are used precisely to keep the best sustainability compared to traditional orchards. With agro-cl...
The optimal branch bending angle for Pyrus sinkiangensis Yü (Korla fragrant pear) remains undefined. In this study, the optimal angle was determined by integrating the phenological, nutritional, hormonal, and fruit-quality responses across a 15-...
Water deficit, especially during summer, is currently one of the most important stress factors that influence olive oil production in olive orchards. A precision irrigation strategy, based on daily trunk growth, was assessed and compared with one con...
Vigor control in tree crops plays an important role in increasing orchard efficiency and sustainability. It has enabled high-density plantations to maximize yield efficiency while reducing production costs. Although traditional methods such as freque...
The super high-density (SHD) production system has recently been introduced to the Chilean European plum (Prunus domestica L.) industry, but the potential of applying regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) in this system remains unexplored. As irrigation...
Optimally configured solid set canopy delivery systems (SSCDS) can provide adequate spray performance in high-density apple orchards with a minimized risk of off-target pesticide drift. SSCDS configured in a shower-down emitter arrangement have been...
Two different in-row soil management techniques were compared in the Olive Orchard Innovation Long-term experiment of the Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit, and Citrus Crops in Rome, Italy. Rows were ma...
Solid Set Canopy Delivery Systems (SSCDS) are fixed agrochemical delivery systems composed of a network of micro-sprayers/nozzles distributed in perennial crop canopies. A previous SSCDS design composed of a 3-tier configuration using hollow cone spr...
The olive tree is an important crop in Portugal, where different levels of intensification coexist. The traditional olive orchards present profitability problems, mainly due to harvesting, so there has been a drastic reconversion towards high-density...
Super-high density (SHD) is the latest innovation in almond growing. This new cropping system needs to be studied in different climates, soils, latitudes and cultivars in order to promote more efficient and sustainable orchard management. This study...
Irrigation helps grow agricultural crops in dry areas and during periods of inadequate rainfall. Proper irrigation could improve both crop productivity and produce quality. For high density apple orchards, water relations are even more important. Mos...
Knowledge of crop water requirements is important in supporting irrigation management. Evapotranspiration (ET) is commonly measured with a variety of instruments and field procedures, but it is also typically computed or modeled using the FAO56 or FA...
Water is getting scarce and irrigation practices should become more efficient. Mango orchards require great quantities of water, and policies in developing countries are substituting surface gravity irrigation by pressurized systems. A commercial orc...
The introduction of Super-High-Density (SHD) olive orchards represents a crucial innovation in modern olive growing, enhancing sustainability. However, the long-term success of these planting systems depends strongly on cultivar selection, combining...
New super-high-density (SHD) olive orchards designed for mechanical harvesting using over-the-row harvesters are becoming increasingly common around the world. Some studies regarding olive SHD harvesting have focused on the effective removal of the o...
A comparison of three different methods to evaluate the tree row volume (TRV) of a super-high-density olive orchard is presented in this article. The purpose was to validate the suitability of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and 3D model...
The soil nematode community plays an important role in ecosystem services. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of Super-high density (SHD) olive orchards on the nematode community in five sites with different soils, climates, and cul...
Dwarfing is an important agricultural trait for intensive cultivation and effective orchard management in modern fruit orchards. Commercial citrus production relies on grafting with rootstocks that reduce tree vigor to control plant height. Citrus gr...
The Mediterranean Basin is the second highest citrus growing region in the world behind China. Citrus trees are known to produce several flush shoots per year, particularly during the spring–summer season. Farmers endeavor to reduce the growth...
Due to climate changes, drought- and lime-tolerant Prunus mahaleb rootstock may gain importance. Among the Mahaleb rootstocks and hybrids, there are standard and moderate-vigorous types, but their intensive testing in orchards is still needed. Our pa...
The aim of this review is to check the possibilities and circumstances regarding how to create a high-density Persian walnut orchard. Increasing yields, decreasing tree size, limiting juveniles, and lowering total costs are the most important objecti...
Knowledge of tree size is of great importance for the precision management of a hazelnut orchard. In fact, it has been shown that site-specific crop management allows for the best possible management and efficiency of the use of inputs. Generally, me...
The Small Trees High productivity Initiative aims to address low productivity in avocado, [...]
The cultivation of Japanese plums (Prunus salicina Lindl.) in South Africa has increased over the years, yet their water use is unknown. Their cultivation in the Western Cape Province of South Africa is highly dependent on supplementary irrigation, i...
In 2019–2020, trials were carried out in both intensive (cultivar Moraiolo) and super-high-density (cultivar Sikitita) young olive orchards to drastically reduce early production and, consequently, accelerate tree growth. Different concentratio...
In recent years, there has been growing interest in olive genotypes (Olea europaea L.) suitable for super-high-density (SHD > 1200 trees/hectare) orchards. To date, only a few cultivars are considered fitting for such cultivation system. In this s...
Plant density is increasing in modern olive orchards to improve yields and facilitate mechanical harvesting. However, greater density can reduce light quantity and modify its quality. The objective was to evaluate plant morphology, biomass, and photo...
An analysis is presented of the response of olive oil production and quality parameters, viz. fatty acids (palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids), phenolic compounds and oxidative stability to hedgerow spacing and orientation in 1-m wide super-high-dens...
Modern almond growing travels on the tracks of super-high density (SHD). Born in 2010, it has already reached 6700 ha planted all over the world. This new cultivation system needs to define efficient agronomic techniques in order to identify it as a...
The amount of light intercepted by a tree and its distribution within the canopy is critical in optimizing tree photosynthesis efficiency, carbon partitioning and productivity. Here we compare light relations in experimental high-density mango orchar...
Three factors for the extraction of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) were evaluated: diameter of the grid holes of the hammer-crusher, malaxation temperature, and malaxation time. A Box–Behnken design was used to obtain a total of 289 olive oil sa...
We quantified the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) interception in a high-density (HD) and a super high-density (SHD) or hedgerow olive system, by measuring the PAR transmitted under the canopy along transects at increasing distance from the...
Mango productivity and fruit quality in Australia can be improved through transforming low-density plantings to high-density plantings and intensive training systems. Several planting density and training systems were established in Australia to inve...
The adaptability of several Italian olive cultivars to high-density cultivation was evaluated from 2020 to 2024 in central Italy by assessing their agronomic behavior, with the aim of identifying which Italian olive cultivars can combine high product...
Rapid apple decline is a phenomenon characterized by a weakening of young apple trees in high density orchards, often followed by their quick collapse. The nature of this phenomenon remains unclear. In this work, we investigated the root system archi...
Semi-dwarfing rootstocks have enabled the adoption of high-density orchard systems for sweet cherry. Understanding the effects of training systems on light capture and fruit quality of lateral bearing cultivars early in tree/orchard establishment is...
Traditional rainfed fig orchards intended for fresh consumption tend to have low yields and cultural practices difficulties due to wide plant spacing and large canopies. This study investigates whether the espalier training system, commonly employed...
The transition to a sustainable economic and environmental management of olive oil sector needs to be implemented in both national and regional territories through the introduction and development of innovative growing systems and variety. In this st...
To address the challenge of low operational efficiency in apple harvesting robots, this study proposes an adaptive grasping sequence planning methodology that combines Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) and genetic algorithms (GAs). The proposed adaptive SO...
Optimizing planting density is crucial for balancing resource competition, light penetration, and tree productivity in orchard systems. This study investigateed the impact of planting density on the yield and fruit quality of the hazelnut cultivar &l...
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