Objectives: Treadmill walking is often employed for tightly controlled gait and energetics research, but growing evidence suggests that treadmill-based metabolic and biomechanical measurements may not directly reflect the ecologically valid mode of o...
Passive Dynamic Ankle–Foot Orthoses (PD-AFOs) are medical devices prescribed to individuals with foot drop, a condition characterized by weakness of the ankle dorsiflexor muscles. PD-AFOs can store and release energy during the stance phase of...
Abnormal levels of pyruvate and lactate were reported in multiple sclerosis (MS). We studied the response of markers of mitochondrial function to rehabilitation in relation to type, intensity and endurance performance in severely disabled MS patients...
Neuromuscular gait deficits in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often overlooked. High-intensity training protocols may improve running performance, but their efficacy in pediatric populations is underexplored. This study evaluates th...
Background/Objectives: Cast walkers (CWs) are often prescribed to offload diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). However, their mass, the degree of ankle immobilization and the limb length discrepancy they induce may increase the energetic demands of walking,...
Walking becomes less economical with age, but the links between detailed gait mechanics and metabolic energy expenditure remain unclear. This study examined multidimensional associations between gait characteristics and walking energetics in communit...
Energy consumption is an important performance index of quadruped robots. In this paper, the energy consumptions of the quadruped robot SCalf with a trot gait under different gait parameters are analyzed. Firstly, the kinematics and dynamics models o...
Higher mass-normalized net energy cost of walking (NetCw/kg) and mechanical pendular recovery are observed in obese compared to lean adults. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different classes of obesity on the energetics and mechanics of...
Background: Lower limb prosthesis users commonly exhibit gait asymmetry that may increase metabolic demand. Gait asymmetry, therefore, is frequently targeted in rehabilitation to improve walking efficiency. This review aimed to investigate whether in...
Wearable ankle exosuits require precise evaluation frameworks to optimize assistive force transmission and subject-specific configuration. This study presents a multimodal sensor-based experimental and computational framework to assess the influence...
Inertial measurement units (IMUs) allow accurate quantification of gait impairment of people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Nonetheless, it is not clear how IMU-based metrics might be influenced by pragmatic aspects associated with clinical translat...
To detect behavioral anomalies (disease/injuries), 24 h monitoring of horses each day is increasingly important. To this end, recent advances in machine learning have used accelerometer data to improve the efficiency of practice sessions and for earl...
Tortoises are famed for their slow locomotion, which is in part related to their herbivorous diet and the constraints imposed by their protective shells. For most animals, the metabolic cost of transport (CoT) is close to the value predicted for thei...
Lower extremity joint kinetic factors are thought to modulate walk-to-run transition (WRT) and run-to-walk transition (RWT). This study aimed to investigate joint stiffness and energetic patterns during the WRT and RWT processes and identify whether...
22 September 2026
Rehabilitation for gait asymmetry in cerebral palsy (CP) commonly treats improvements in gait symmetry indices as a subtype-general marker of therapeutic success. Building on a trajectory-divergence model developed in a companion review, we propose t...
14 May 2019
Background: The ageing process involves a natural degeneration of physiological function and can imply life constraints, namely during activities of daily life (ADL). Walking can be strongly affected by strength, gait, and balance changes, which affe...
The correct choice and customization of an orthosis are crucial to obtain the best comfort and efficiency. This study explored the feasibility of a multivariate quantitative assessment of the functional efficiency of lower limb orthosis through a nov...
1 November 2026
Sand is a deformable and mechanically variable substrate that alters foot–surface interaction, gait mechanics, energetic cost, and neuromuscular demands. This narrative review critically synthesizes evidence on sand-based locomotion and exercis...
The design of bipedal robots is generally fulfilled through considering a sequential design approach, where a synergistic relationship between its structure and control features is not promoted. Hence, a novel integrated structure-control design appr...
The objective was to demonstrate walking locomotor pattern alterations after co-administration of acepromazine and morphine in horses. Six mature horses receiving four different treatments were used. Treatments consisted of a single dose of saline so...
Calanoid copepods have two swimming gaits, namely cruise swimming that is propelled by the beating of the cephalic feeding appendages and short-lasting jumps that are propelled by the power strokes of the four or five pairs of thoracal swimming legs....