10th Anniversary of JFMK: Advances in Kinesiology and Biomechanics

A special issue of Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology (ISSN 2411-5142). This special issue belongs to the section "Kinesiology and Biomechanics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 4398

Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Nord University, 7600 Levanger, Norway
Interests: biomechanics; 3D kinematics; motor control; strength training; team handball; sprint training; EMG measurements; sports performance; core strength; whole body vibration training; warming up and performance
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The year 2026 will mark the 10th anniversary of the Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology (ISSN: 2411-5142). Appreciation to all authors, reviewers, editorial board members, and readers must be given for their invaluable support, which made reaching this milestone possible. To celebrate this achievement, the journal will lead a Special Issue entitled “10th Anniversary of JFMK: Advances in Kinesiology and Biomechanics”. This collection will highlight the progress achieved in the past decades, current knowledge, and the emerging challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. We invite contributions that span the full spectrum of kinesiology and biomechanics, including but not limited to the following topics:

  • Human motion and performance;
  • Neuromechanics and motor control;
  • Injury prevention and rehabilitation;
  • Ergonomics and occupational biomechanics;
  • Technology, simulation, and modeling;
  • Sports and exercise biomechanics;
  • Emerging and interdisciplinary topics.

Prof. Dr. Roland Van den Tillaar
Dr. Jorge Morais
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • kinematics
  • kinetics
  • balance
  • posture
  • gait
  • sports
  • locomotion
  • mechanics
  • lower limb
  • upper limb
  • technology
  • injury prevention
  • ergonomics

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 1454 KB  
Article
Use Treadmills with Caution: Walking Energy Expenditure and Metabolic Cost Are Elevated Compared to Overground Across Multiple Speeds in Healthy Young Adults
by Sauvik Das Gupta, Kanako Kamishita, Megumi Kondo and Yoshiyuki Kobayashi
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2026, 11(2), 220; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk11020220 - 29 May 2026
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Abstract
Objectives: Treadmill walking is often employed for tightly controlled gait and energetics research, but growing evidence suggests that treadmill-based metabolic and biomechanical measurements may not directly reflect the ecologically valid mode of overground walking. While many previous studies focused on older adults, [...] Read more.
Objectives: Treadmill walking is often employed for tightly controlled gait and energetics research, but growing evidence suggests that treadmill-based metabolic and biomechanical measurements may not directly reflect the ecologically valid mode of overground walking. While many previous studies focused on older adults, much less is known about how treadmill walking influences gait energetics and spatiotemporal parameters in young healthy adults across matched speeds. We investigated energy expenditure, metabolic cost of walking and spatiotemporal gait parameters in healthy young adults walking overground and on a treadmill at three speeds (slow—1.0, comfortable—1.3, fast—1.5 m/s). Our hypothesis was that at the comfortable speed, treadmill and overground energetics and gait parameters would be comparable. However, at slow and fast speeds, there would be a significant energetic penalty, accompanied by significant differences in spatiotemporal parameters. Methods: Twenty young participants (10 males and 10 females) completed a randomized cross-over walking protocol with a minimum of ten minutes treadmill familiarization at 1.3 m/s. Breath-by-breath oxygen consumption (V˙O2) and Respiratory Exchange Ratio were measured using a portable indirect calorimetry system and gait parameters were calculated from Inertial Measurement Units. Gross and net energy expenditures, costs of walking, cadence, average step and stride lengths, and walk ratio were calculated. A three-way mixed ANOVA was used for primary statistical analyses. Results: Treadmill walking was characterized by higher gross and net energy expenditures and metabolic costs (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.6) across all speeds compared to overground. It was also characterized by faster cadence and shorter average step and stride lengths (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.9). Additionally, there was an effect of sex (p = 0.01, ηp2 = 0.3) on the gait parameters, with females exhibiting a faster cadence and shorter average step and stride lengths than males. Conclusions: Our findings show that treadmill walking imposes a medium-to-large metabolic penalty even in healthy young adults, with compensatory gait adaptations, possibly reflecting increased stabilization demands and altered neuromuscular control strategies. These results underscore the limits of generalizing treadmill derived gait data to overground walking and we caution against the uncritical use of treadmills, especially while trying to understand ecologically relevant human walking mechanics and energetics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of JFMK: Advances in Kinesiology and Biomechanics)
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15 pages, 942 KB  
Article
Task-Dependent Reorganization of Ankle–Knee Mechanical Coordination Revealed by Moment–Moment Phase Space Analysis
by Alessandro Garofolini, William Anthony Sparrow and Rezaul Begg
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2026, 11(2), 201; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk11020201 - 19 May 2026
Viewed by 330
Abstract
Background: Human locomotion requires coordinated torque production across multiple joints, yet conventional gait analysis typically evaluates joint behavior independently, limiting insight into inter-joint coordination. This study aimed to quantify task-dependent reorganization of ankle–knee mechanical coordination using a moment–moment phase space framework. Methods: A [...] Read more.
Background: Human locomotion requires coordinated torque production across multiple joints, yet conventional gait analysis typically evaluates joint behavior independently, limiting insight into inter-joint coordination. This study aimed to quantify task-dependent reorganization of ankle–knee mechanical coordination using a moment–moment phase space framework. Methods: A normative dataset of healthy adults (N = 50) performing natural-speed walking, toe walking, heel walking, stair ascent, and stair descent was analyzed. Sagittal-plane external ankle and knee moments were extracted from time-normalized stride cycles and z-score normalized within each stride to emphasize coordination topology. Ankle–knee trajectories were represented in moment–moment space and characterized using three geometric metrics: loop magnitude (|Area|), principal axis orientation, and anisotropy. Metrics were aggregated within subject and analyzed using linear mixed-effects models with planned contrasts against walking. Results: Loop magnitude differed significantly across tasks (p < 0.001), with the largest increases observed during toe walking (+3.45 relative to walking) and stair descent (+2.41). Principal axis orientation also showed a significant task effect (p = 0.026), with stair descent producing the largest rotation of the coordination axis (−29.8°). Anisotropy varied significantly across tasks (p < 0.001), indicating systematic changes in the dimensionality and strength of inter-joint torque coupling. Conclusions: Locomotor tasks induce structured, task-dependent reorganization of ankle–knee coordination topology. Moment–moment phase space analysis provides a compact and interpretable framework for quantifying inter-joint torque coupling, with potential applications in biomechanics research and the development of activity-aware assistive technologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of JFMK: Advances in Kinesiology and Biomechanics)
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16 pages, 2442 KB  
Article
Effects of Limited Wrist Motion and Forearm Rotation on Scapular Kinematics and Muscle Activity During Spoon-Feeding in Healthy Young Adults
by Noboru Chiba, Kazuki Ogawa, Ai Suzuki and Tadayoshi Minamisawa
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2026, 11(2), 135; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk11020135 - 24 Mar 2026
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Abstract
Background: Wrist–forearm orthoses used during self-feeding may alter scapular and shoulder mechanics and increase proximal load, but this has not been quantified. Methods: Seventeen right-hand-dominant young adults performed a spoon-feeding task under free and restricted conditions. A thermoplastic wrist–forearm orthosis positioned the wrist [...] Read more.
Background: Wrist–forearm orthoses used during self-feeding may alter scapular and shoulder mechanics and increase proximal load, but this has not been quantified. Methods: Seventeen right-hand-dominant young adults performed a spoon-feeding task under free and restricted conditions. A thermoplastic wrist–forearm orthosis positioned the wrist at approximately 30° dorsiflexion at rest and was intended to constrain wrist motion during the task without rigidly immobilizing forearm pronation–supination. Three-dimensional kinematics (scapula, shoulder, trunk, and distal joints) were recorded using inertial sensors, and surface electromyography was obtained from the upper trapezius, middle deltoid, and biceps brachii. Maximum joint angles and mean %MVC over the feeding cycle were compared between conditions (α = 0.05). Results: The restriction condition resulted in a more anteriorly tilted and downwardly rotated scapular posture, greater shoulder abduction and external rotation, and increased thoracic flexion, whereas maximum distal joint angles did not differ, suggesting a functional distal constraint rather than rigid immobilization. Middle deltoid and biceps brachii activities increased significantly, with a nonsignificant trend toward higher upper trapezius activation. Conclusions: In healthy young adults, limited wrist motion and forearm rotation during spoon-feeding were associated with altered proximal coordination, including scapular, shoulder/trunk, and proximal muscle changes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of JFMK: Advances in Kinesiology and Biomechanics)
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Review

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16 pages, 2248 KB  
Review
Preventing Complex Regional Pain Syndrome After Distal Radius Fracture: A Systematic Review of Rehabilitation and Clinical Prophylaxis Strategies
by Inês Neves Serôdio, Olalla Saiz-Vázquez, Hilario Ortiz-Huerta, Lucia Simón-Vicente and Montserrat Santamaría-Vázquez
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2026, 11(2), 158; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk11020158 - 17 Apr 2026
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Abstract
Background: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a disabling post-traumatic pain condition that may occur after distal radius fracture (DRF), potentially impairing recovery and upper-limb function. Identifying effective preventive strategies after DRF is therefore clinically important. Objective: To synthesize and critically [...] Read more.
Background: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a disabling post-traumatic pain condition that may occur after distal radius fracture (DRF), potentially impairing recovery and upper-limb function. Identifying effective preventive strategies after DRF is therefore clinically important. Objective: To synthesize and critically appraise interventions intended to prevent CRPS after DRF, including rehabilitation protocols and clinical prophylaxis strategies. Methods: This systematic review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses PRISMA and was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews PROSPERO (CRD42023408499). Five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and B-on) were searched for studies published from January 2013 to 22 September 2023 in English, Portuguese, or Spanish. The primary outcome was CRPS incidence after DRF. Findings were synthesized narratively due to heterogeneity in interventions and diagnostic criteria, and risk of bias was assessed using design-appropriate tools. Results: Nine studies were included (total N = 7075; CRPS cases n = 127). Interventions comprised vitamin C supplementation (2 studies), probiotics, aspirin, polarized/polychromatic light therapy plus conventional treatment, early rehabilitation/home-exercise programs, and general CRPS-prevention protocols after DRF. Probiotics and aspirin did not reduce CRPS incidence. Vitamin C showed mixed findings across the included studies and remains debated in the broader literature. Light therapy was associated with reduced CRPS occurrence in a single study, while early active home-exercise programs appeared promising but were supported by a limited number of studies. Study designs and CRPS diagnostic criteria varied, and risk of bias was moderate-to-serious in several non-randomized studies. Conclusions: Evidence remains insufficient to support a single standardized prevention protocol for CRPS after distal radius fracture. Early active rehabilitation and progressive mobilization appear promising, but the available evidence is still limited and heterogeneous. Adjunctive strategies such as vitamin C and light therapy should be interpreted with caution, as findings for vitamin C remain debated in the literature and the evidence for light therapy is currently based on a single study. Other approaches, including probiotics and aspirin, have shown inconclusive results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of JFMK: Advances in Kinesiology and Biomechanics)
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