Renovation of flat roofs typically involves repairing or replacing the existing roof to improve its performance and extend its lifespan. The renovation process may include a range of tasks depending on the condition of the roof, such as repairing lea...
Excessive snow load and nonuniform snow deposition are the main factors leading to building collapses. The snow load shape coefficient represents the dimensionless snow load, and its value is related to the unbalanced distribution of snow. The snow l...
Envelope insulation and protection is an important technical solution to reduce energy consumption, exterior damage, and environmental impacts in buildings. Thermal insulation tiles are used simultaneously as thermal insulation of the building envelo...
Existing assessment tools have not been successfully used to evaluate the performance of the remedial treatment of concrete flat roofs by building users or building management personnel because they are complicated and difficult to be applied by non-...
In the building renovation industry, a growing volume of discarded insulation materials, such as stone wool insulation, prematurely finds its way to landfills or incinerators after building demolitions. However, these materials often did not reach th...
The integration of tilted photovoltaic strings on large, flat roofs, typical of industrial and commercial buildings, raises complex design challenges, particularly regarding wind-induced loads. This study presents a comprehensive wind tunnel investig...
This article presents a new parametric method for shaping flat transverse frame structural systems supporting thin-walled roofs made of flat sheets folded unidirectionally and transformed elastically to various shell forms. The parameterization was l...
The present paper proposes a measure for improving the wind-resistant performance of photovoltaic systems and mechanically attached single-ply membrane roofing systems installed on flat roofs by combining them together. Mechanically attached single-p...
This paper presents the design and investigation of a two-stage flat-roofed sine waveguide (SWG) traveling-wave tube (TWT) incorporating a novel coupling structure. Initially, the slow-wave structure (SWS) of a 220 GHz flat-roofed SWG was optimized,...
The goal of the current study was to evaluate the environmental damage from three flat roof technologies typically used in Israel: (i) concrete, (ii) ribbed slab with concrete blocks, and (iii) ribbed slab with autoclaved aerated blocks. The roofs we...
The article analyses the impact of wind suction on roof coverings glued with polyurethane adhesives to flat roofs, i.e., roofs with an up to 20% slope. The impact of the cyclical wind was simulated in fatigue tests, gradually increasing the test pres...
The paper presents an analysis of the hygrothermal performance of an inverted flat roof with a CLT (cross-laminated timber) structure in a building that meets the requirements of Passive House Standard (PHS) with regards to the potential risk of mois...
Recently, there has been an attempt to implement increasingly significant prefabrication in building construction, since this method is considered to represent an opportunity to reduce impacts in the construction sector. For pitched roofs, there have...
The assessment of extreme wind loading on solar arrays plays a significant role in ensuring their safe operation under strong winds. Therefore, this paper investigates the extreme wind loading on solar arrays mounted on a flat roof by taking into acc...
Simplification of three-dimensional (3D) buildings is critical to improve the efficiency of visualizing urban environments while ensuring realistic urban scenes. Moreover, it underpins the construction of multi-scale 3D city models (3DCMs) which coul...
In order to achieve sustainability objectives in the use of a building, its elements’ operating problems should be minimized. From this premise, a total of 497 cases related to construction flaws in flat roofs were analyzed in this research. A...
The main causes of building defects are errors in the design and the construction phases. These causes related to construction are mainly due to the general lack of control of construction work and represent approximately 75% of the anomalies. In par...
The Sustainable Development Center of the University of Brasilia is one of the modernist buildings that make up the Darcy Ribeiro campus. The architectural project contains several recommendations for the execution of a flat roof waterproofing system...
Reservoir, or water-collecting roofs present greater thermal inertia than inverted flat roofs due to the mass of water they contain. This feature gives them better thermal performance and leads to greater stability in the indoor air temperature Ti an...
Green roofs are considered to be one of the optimal tools for saving energy and protecting the environment in developed countries. In this paper, an analysis of the possible application of green roofs on existing residential buildings with flat roofs...
The real estate appraisal largely consists of estimating the property’s value based on the transaction prices of similar buildings with the usable area being one of the main comparative units. A Polish appraiser finds data mentioned in the Price and...
To explore the interference effects of a high-rise building on the snow load on a low-rise building with a flat roof, a series of wind tunnel tests were carried out with fine silica sand as a substitute for snow particles. The effects of the height o...
Dengue disease incidence is related with the construction of a house roof, which is an Aedes mosquito habitat. This study was conducted to classify pitch roof (PR) and flat roof (FR) surfaces using pan-sharpened Worldview 2 to identify dengue disease...
A phase shift that is caused by the machining errors of independent circuits would greatly affect the efficiency of the power combination in traditional multi-beam structures. In this paper, to reduce the influence of the phase shift and improve the...
Under extreme snowfall conditions, wind-induced snow drifting can lead to the redistribution of snow accumulation on roofs, resulting in localized overloads that pose a serious threat to building structural safety. Notably, morphological differences...
As urbanization accelerates and urban hydrological cycles evolve, roof typology emerges as a pivotal role in water retention capacity and drainage efficiency. To systematically evaluate the influence of various roof types on urban hydrological proces...
At present, the world is facing many hurdles due to the adverse effects of climate change and rapid urbanization. A lot of rural lands and villages are merged into cities by citizens, resulting in high carbon emission, especially in the built environ...
The article describes a specific method of using innovative transverse systems of flat bar frames as structures forcing elastic shape transformations of nominally flat folded sheets into the forms of ruled shell roof coverings. An innovative method f...
In the midst of today’s energy crisis, carbon emissions from ice rinks in cold regions present a significant environmental challenge. The shape of an ice rink’s roof significantly influences these emissions. This study developed a methodo...
This study explored the daylight performance, thermal comfort, and energy-saving level of enclosed-courtyard rural residences with covered roofs in a cold IIA region of China. Using daylight autonomy (DA), annual mean value of PMV (AUMPMV), and total...
Digital surface models (DSMs) derived from high-resolution satellite imagery often contain mismatches, voids, and coarse building geometry, limiting their suitability for accurate and standardized 3D reconstruction. The scarcity of finely annotated s...
The roofs of buildings play an essential role in energy efficiency because a significant amount of solar radiation is absorbed by roofs in hot weather and a significant amount of heat is lost through roofs in cold weather. This paper is a systematic...
Covered courtyards are increasingly being adopted as a passive strategy for the climatic rehabilitation and adaptive reuse of historic buildings. However, their thermal behaviour is strongly conditioned by roof geometry, local climate conditions, and...
The article presents methods of making the rock bolt support more yieldable, especially for a stratified roof. Alongside the increasing depth of exploitation of raw material deposits, rock bolt support units are more often designed taking into accoun...
Integrating phase change materials (PCMs) into building envelopes offers a powerful method for enhancing thermal mass and reducing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning energy demand. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of combining PCM...
Green roofs and photovoltaic (PV) roofs are important forms of roof retrofitting, and unused rural roofs provide favorable conditions for the development of green roofs and PV roofs. Here, this study proposes a new method for assessing the potential...
Many bibliographical studies have highlighted the positive effects of green roofs as technological solutions both for new and renovated buildings. The one-year experimental monitoring campaign conducted has investigated, in detail, some aspects relat...
Greening structures attract worldwide attention because of their multidisciplinary benefits. Green roofs are considered one of the best ways to eliminate summer overheating, mitigate climate change, or reduce the urban heat island effect. The winter...
In modern structural codes, the reference value of the snow load on roofs is commonly given as the product of the characteristic value of the ground snow load at the construction site multiplied by the shape coefficient. The shape coefficient is a co...
Integrating photovoltaic (PV) systems with green roofs presents a synergistic approach to urban sustainability. Many existing flat-roof PV installations, often east–west oriented with limited elevation, present integration challenges for green...
This article provides a novel insight into specific properties of flat folded sheets transformed elastically into building roof shells. Elastic twist transformations of the sheets resulting from the arrangement of the sheets on two skew roof directri...
The article discusses laboratory methods and the corresponding computational methods verifying compliance with the normative requirements regarding the lateral correction force of the powered roof support. The currently used flat model only allows fo...
Increasingly strict energy policies, rising energy prices, and a desire for a positive corporate image currently serve as incentives for multinational corporations to reduce their plants’ energy consumption. This paper quantitatively investigates and...
The total amount of sealed surfaces is increasing in many urban areas, which presents a challenge for sewerage systems and wastewater treatment plants when extreme rainfall events occur. One promising solution approach is the application of decentral...
The human migration from rural to urban areas has triggered a chain reaction causing the spiking energy demand of cities worldwide. High-rise buildings filling the urban skyline could potentially provide a means to improve the penetration of renewabl...
Urban areas are increasingly challenged by the combined effects of climate change, rapid population growth, and high energy demand. The integration of renewable energy systems, such as photovoltaic (PV) panels, and nature-based solutions, such as gre...
Gazing at natural landscapes and participating in agricultural activities can elicit psychophysiological restoration. However, most buildings are constructed merely to meet the minimum legal requirements for structure weight load. Extensive green roo...
This article is an insight into interdisciplinary topics in the field of civil engineering, morphology, architecture, mechanics, and computer programming. A novel method for shaping unconventional complex roofs in which regular folded units transform...
In urban areas, summer temperatures are continuously increasing, and cities are aiming at implementing measures to mitigate the urban heat island (UHI) effect. Reducing sealed surfaces and adding plants have been shown to be beneficial for urban micr...
In this paper, a knowledge-based algorithm is proposed for automatically generating three-dimensional (3D) building models in dense urban areas by using airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data and aerial images. Automatic 3D building modeli...
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