In recent decades, research on alternative fuel engines is becoming more and more popular. Compressed natural gas (CNG) has the advantages of abundant reserves and a lower cost. It can reduce vehicle emissions relatively quickly and has little impact...
To utilize the high efficiency of gasoline direct injection (GDI) and solve the high particulate number (PN) issue, hydrogen-rich syngas has been adopted as a favorable sustainable fuel. This paper compares and analyzes the effects of the injection c...
Gas fuel direct injection (DI) technology can improve the control precision of the in-cylinder mixing and combustion process and effectively avoid volumetric efficiency reduction in a compressed natural gas (CNG) engine, which has been a tendency. Ho...
An existing diesel engine was fitted with a common rail direct injection (CRDi) facility to inject fuel at higher pressure in CRDi mode. In the current work, rotating blades were incorporated in the piston cavity to enhance turbulence. Pilot fuels us...
Dual fuel engines using diesel and fuels that are gaseous at normal conditions are receiving increasing attention. They permit to achieve the same (or better) than diesel power density and efficiency, steady-state, and substantially similar transient...
In the current global scenario, it is essential to find more effective and practical solutions to mitigate the problem of particulate emissions from vehicles. In this research, particulate emission characteristics with changing GDI pressure or applyi...
The present paper is the result of a cooperation between Politecnico di Torino and AVL List Gmbh within a recent collaborative research project funded by the EC. The research work was focused on the experimental and numerical characterization of mixt...
A viable green energy source for heavy industries and transportation is hydrogen. The internal combustion engine (ICE), when powered by hydrogen, offers an economical and adaptable way to quickly decarbonize the transportation industry. In general, t...
Natural gas has emerged as one of the preferred alternative fuels for vehicles owing to its advantages of abundant reserves, cleaner combustion and lower cost. At present, the gas supply methods for natural-gas engines are mainly port fuel injection...
The effect of the fuel injection ratio on the combustion and emission characteristics of stratified lean mixture combustion was investigated for a spray-guided liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) direct injection engine. Inter-injection spark-ignition comb...
High-pressure direct injection diesel/methanol dual-fuel engines exhibit excellent emission reduction potential, but they are still in the initial stage of research and development. The influences of different methanol injection locations, injection...
The number of injector holes and the fuel-injection pressure in an internal combustion engine can affect engine performance and exhaust emissions. Conversion of a port-injection gasoline engine to an HCNG direct-injection engine improves engine perfo...
Heavy-fuel aviation piston engines (HF-APEs) are widely used in general aviation and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) due to their safety and fuel economy. This paper describes a numerical and experimental study of scavenging and combustion processes on...
Hydrogen injection timing (HIT) plays a crucial role in the combustion and emission characteristics of a hydrogen/n-butanol dual-fuel engine with hydrogen direct injection. This study employed an integrated approach combining three-dimensional simula...
Modern internal combustion engines are designed to meet new emission standards and reduce fuel consumption. The wide application of direct fuel injection is associated with the problem of injector contamination. It leads to a deterioration of the eng...
The fuel injection system is one of the key components of an in-cylinder direct injection engine. Its performance directly affects the economy, power and emission of the engine. Previous research found that the Taguchi method can be used to optimize...
The diesel engine is one of the solutions to slow down fossil fuel depletion due to its high efficiency. However, its high pollutant emission limits its usage in many fields. To improve its efficiency and emissions, a conventional mechanical fuel inj...
In the current work, an effort is made to study the influence of injection timing (IT) and injection duration (ID) of manifold injected fuels (MIF) in the reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine. Compressed natural gas (CNG) and comp...
To study the influence of injection time and injection volume on the working process of a two-stroke kerosene direct injection engine, an experimental study was carried out on an improved two-stroke inline three-cylinder gasoline engine, combined wit...
The exceptional properties of methanol, such as its high octane number and latent heat of evaporation, make it an advantageous fuel for efficient utilization in dual-fuel combustion techniques. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of di...
The research on two-stroke engines has been focused lately on the development of direct injection systems for reducing the emissions of hydrocarbons by minimizing the fuel short-circuiting. Low temperature combustion (LTC) may be the next step to fur...
Ammonia, as a hydrogen carrier and an ideal zero-carbon fuel, can be liquefied and stored under ambient temperature and pressure. Its application in internal combustion engines holds significant potential for promoting low-carbon emissions. However,...
The stratification of in-cylinder mixtures appears to be an effective method for managing the combustion process in controlled auto-ignition (CAI) engines. Stratification can be achieved and controlled using various injection strategies such as split...
Compared to other engines of the same size, diesel engines are more economical in addition to their ability to generate high power. For this reason, they are widely used in many fields such as industry, agriculture, transportation, electricity genera...
Hydrogen addition affects the composition of exhaust gases in vehicles. However, the effects of hydrogen addition to compression ignition engines in running vehicles have not been evaluated. Hydrogen-mixed air was introduced into the air intake of a...
The purpose of this experimental study was to evaluate the range of particulate mass (PM) and particulate number (PN) results from gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicles by using four test fuels with a range of particulate matter index (PMI) from 1...
Hydrogen, as a suitable and clean energy carrier, has been long considered a primary fuel or in combination with other conventional fuels such as gasoline and diesel. Since the density of hydrogen is very low, in port fuel-injection configuration, th...
The climate change issue has become a growing concern due to the increasing greenhouse gas emissions. To achieve carbon neutrality for mitigating the climate problem, the oxy-fuel combustion (OFC) technique on internal combustion engines (ICEs) has a...
Modeling the fuel injection process in modern gasoline direct injection engines plays a principal role in characterizing the in–cylinder mixture formation and subsequent combustion process. Flash boiling, which usually occurs when the fuel is injecte...
The development of internal combustion engines involves various new solutions, one of which is the use of dual-fuel systems. The diversity of technological solutions being developed determines the efficiency of such systems, as well as the possibilit...
In large-bore two-stroke diesel/nature gas dual-fuel marine engines, a certain quantity of diesel is injected into the cylinder to satisfy the full-power output engine rated power of the gas mixture. However, the ignition and flame propagation proces...
Hydrogen as carbon-free fuel is a very promising candidate for climate-neutral internal combustion engine operation. In comparison to other renewable fuels, hydrogen does obviously not produce CO2 emissions. In this work, two concepts of hydrogen int...
The ammonia energy ratio (AER) is a critical parameter influencing the performance of ammonia/diesel dual-fuel engines. In this study, a numerical simulation was conducted based on a high-pressure dual-fuel (HPDF) direct injection ammonia/diesel engi...
A paradigm shift towards the utilization of carbon-neutral and low emission fuels is necessary in the internal combustion engine industry to fulfil the carbon emission goals and future legislation requirements in many countries. Hydrogen as an energy...
Given the intricate combustion process and the multitude of control parameters inherent to the high-pressure direct injection (HPDI) diesel/natural gas dual-fuel engine, achieving precise combustion control represents a significant challenge. It is i...
The particulate matter (PM) emissions of gasoline vehicles were much lower than those of diesel vehicles until the introduction of diesel particulate filters (DPFs) in the early 2000s. At the same time, gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines started...
This study introduces a novel application of synchrotron X-ray phase contrast imaging to investigate the internal flow dynamics and liquid jet characteristics in a direct injection gasoline nozzle. Using optimized imaging parameters, including a 19 m...
Ethyl alcohol is a known additive to automotive gasoline. In commercially available gasolines, its concentration is between 5 and 10%. Since ethyl alcohol can be considered as a renewable fuel, efforts are being made to further increase its content i...
The paper presents results from an investigation focused on toxicity content in the exhaust gases emitted by an internal combustion compression ignition engine fueled with glycerol-ethanol blends at ratio of 50/50% by volume. The innovative issue of...
Methanol is widely recognized as a promising alternative fuel for achieving carbon neutrality in internal combustion engines. Its use in direct injection spark-ignition (DISI) engines, either as pure methanol or blended fuels, has demonstrated improv...
Diversification of energy sources is a key task for decreasing environmental impacts and global emission of gases. JP-8, a fuel derived from natural gas, coal, biomass, and waste plastics, is a bright prospect. JP-8 is considered a multi-source multi...
Propanol isomers, which are oxygen-rich fuels, possess superior octane ratings and energy density in comparison to methanol and ethanol. Recently, due to advancements in fermentation techniques, these propanol isomers have garnered increased interest...
This study investigated the impact of dual-fuel operation using ethanol-blended diesel fuel enriched with hydroxy gas on CRDI engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics. Neat diesel fuel was used to run the engine, along with a 20%...
In this study we summarize and analyze experimental observations of cyclic variability in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion in a single-cylinder gasoline engine. The engine was configured with negative valve overlap (NVO) to...
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Considering the differences between diesel and biodiesel fuels, the engine condition should be modified based on the fuel or fuel blends to achieve optimum performance. This study presented a perfor...
From the viewpoints of securing a stable supply of energy and protecting our global environment in the future, the integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power generation of various gasifying methods has been introduced in the world. Gasified...
As a new type of power device, the X-type rotary engine (XRE) is regarded as a major revolution of the internal combustion engine with its special structure and high-efficiency hybrid cycle (HEHC). A 3D CFD model of an XRE with hydrogen–gasolin...
This study investigates the impact of circumferential angle (φ) and interaction angle (θ) between hydrogen jets and diesel sprays in a co-axial hydrogen–diesel injector on combustion and emissions in a hydrogen–diesel dual-fuel...
The application of direct injection (DI) technology can effectively improve the atomization effect of heavy fuel to reduce the fuel loss of heavy fuel engines (HFE). The fuel spray characteristics directly affect the combustion performance of the eng...
Thanks to the adoption of high pressure, direct injection and jet ignition, plus electrically assisted turbo-compounding, the fuel conversion efficiency of Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA) F1 engines has been specta...
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