1,129 Results Found

The RNA-binding S1 domain is a β-barrel with a highly conserved RNA-binding site on its surface. This domain is an important part of the structures of different bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic proteins. A distinctive feature of the S1 domain...

N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A), the most common internal RNA modification in eukaryotes, plays a vital role in post-transcriptional regulation. The YT521-B homology (YTH) domain plays a pivotal role in the methylation-dependent recognition of m⁶A. In this...

Z-DNA and Z-RNA are functionally important left-handed structures of nucleic acids, which play a significant role in several molecular and biological processes including DNA replication, gene expression regulation and viral nucleic acid sensing. Most...

N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) is one of the most abundant chemical modifications on mRNA in eukaryotes. RNA-binding proteins containing the YT521-B (YTH) domain play crucial roles in post-transcriptional regulation of plant growth, development, and stress...

YTH domain-containing proteins are one kind of RNA-binding protein involved in post-transcriptional regulation and play multiple roles in regulating the growth, development, and abiotic stress responses of plants. However, the YTH domain-containing R...

Breast cancer patients are at a high risk of complications from bone metastasis. Molecular characterization of bone metastases is essential for the discovery of new therapeutic targets. Here, we investigated the expression and the intracellular distr...

Ataxin-2 (Atx2), an RNA-binding protein, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of RNA, intracellular metabolism, and translation within the cellular environment. Although both the Sm-like (LSm) and LSm-associated (LSmAD) domains are considered to as...

We hypothesize that in silico structural biology approaches can discover novel drug binding sites for RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerases (RdRp) of positive sense single-strand RNA (ss(+)RNA) virus species. RdRps have a structurally conserved active site w...

Intrinsic disorders are a common feature of hub proteins in eukaryotic interactomes controlling the signaling pathways. The intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are prone to misfolding, and maintaining their functional stability remains a major c...

The Rous sarcoma virus Gag polyprotein transiently traffics through the nucleus, which is required for efficient incorporation of the viral genomic RNA (gRNA) into virus particles. Packaging of gRNA is mediated by two zinc knuckles and basic residues...

Recent evidence indicates that the HIV-1 Integrase (IN) binds the viral genomic RNA (gRNA), playing a critical role in the morphogenesis of the viral particle and in the stability of the gRNA once in the host cell. By combining biophysical, molecular...

The cold-shock domain has a deceptively simple architecture but supports a complex biology. It is conserved from bacteria to man and has representatives in all kingdoms of life. Bacterial cold-shock proteins consist of a single cold-shock domain and...

The non-structural protein NS1 of influenza A viruses is considered to be the major antagonist of the interferon system and antiviral defenses of the cell. It could therefore represent a suitable target for novel antiviral strategies. As a first step...

N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) is becoming one of the most important RNA modifications in plant growth and development, including defense, cell differentiation, and secondary metabolism. YT521-B homology (YTH) domain-containing RNA-binding proteins, identi...

Lin28 is an essential RNA-binding protein that is ubiquitously expressed in embryonic stem cells. Its physiological function has been linked to the regulation of differentiation, development, and oncogenesis as well as glucose metabolism. Lin28 media...

For several histone lysine methyltransferases (HKMTs), RNA binding has been already shown to be a functionally relevant feature, but detailed information on the RNA interactome of these proteins is not always known. Of the six human KMT2 proteins res...

The family of scaffold attachment factor B (SAFB) proteins comprises three members and was first identified as binders of the nuclear matrix/scaffold. Over the past two decades, SAFBs were shown to act in DNA repair, mRNA/(l)ncRNA processing and as p...

Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of influenza A virus is a multifunctional virulence factor and represents a promising anti-influenza target, considering its conserved and druggable structure. As antiviral target, NS1-RNA-binding domain (RBD) remains u...

The described features of dinoflagellate gene expression indicate the predominance of post-transcriptional and translational regulation over transcriptional control. These microorganisms also exhibit extensive RNA editing and distinctive splicing cha...

Despite the recent successes in siRNA therapeutics, targeted delivery beyond the liver remains the major hurdle for the widespread application of siRNA in vivo. Current cationic liposome or polymer-based delivery agents are restricted to the liver an...

MEX3A belongs to the MEX3 (Muscle EXcess) protein family consisting of four members (MEX3A-D) in humans. Characteristic for MEX3 proteins is their domain structure with 2 HNRNPK homology (KH) domains mediating RNA binding and a C-terminal really inte...

Human endothelial-overexpressed lipopolysaccharide-associated factor 1 (EOLA1) has been suggested to regulate inflammatory responses in endothelial cells by controlling expression of proteins, interleukin-6 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and...

Post-translational modifications by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins (Ubls) have known roles in a myriad of cellular processes. Ubiquitin- and Ubl-binding domains transmit the information conferred by these post-translational modifications by re...

The lens epithelium derived growth factor of 75 kD (LEDGF/p75) is a transcription co-activator and epigenetic reader that has emerged as a stress oncoprotein in multiple human cancers. Growing evidence indicates that it promotes tumor cell survival a...

N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) is a widespread post-transcriptional modification of RNA in eukaryotes. The conserved YTH-domain-containing RNA binding protein has been widely reported to serve as a typical m⁶A reader in various species. However, no studies...

mRNA vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have played a key role in reducing morbidity and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase I/II trial t...

The K-homology (KH) domain is a crucial RNA-binding motif central to post-transcriptional regulation. However, its corresponding gene family remains poorly characterized in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a key model species for studying fleshy fruit...

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), the causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), has seriously threatened global health. Alongside the approved vaccines, the discovery of prospective anti-COVID-19 drugs has bee...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has presented numerous challenges to global health. Vaccines, including lipid—based nanoparticle mRNA, inactivated virus, and r...

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a rapidly growing research focus due to numerous demonstrations that many cellular proteins phase-separate to form biomolecular condensates (BMCs) that nucleate membraneless organelles (MLOs). A growing repert...

Ankyrin repeat and single KH domain-containing protein 1 (ANKHD1) is a large, scaffolding protein composed of two stretches of ankyrin repeat domains that mediate protein–protein interactions and a KH domain that mediates RNA or single-stranded...

Lin28 is a pluripotency factor that regulates cancer cell stem-like phenotypes to promote cancer development and therapy-resistant tumor progression. It acts through its cold shock domain and zinc knuckle domain (ZKD) to interact with the Let-7 pre-m...

Living cells experience DNA damage as a result of replication errors and oxidative metabolism, exposure to environmental agents (e.g., ultraviolet light, ionizing radiation (IR)), and radiation therapies and chemotherapies for cancer treatments. Accu...

SARS-CoV-2 vaccine production has taken us by storm. We aim to fill in the history of concepts and the work of pioneers and provide a framework of strategies employing structural vaccinology. Cryo-electron microscopy became crucial in providing three...

The highly pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV have led to the COVID-19 pandemic and SARS outbreak, respectively. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2, particularly the Omicron variant, has frequent mu...

YT521-B homology (YTH) domain-containing RNA-binding proteins (YTPs) are important N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) readers that have crucial roles in determining the destiny of m⁶A-modified RNAs, which are the most widespread RNA modifications in eukaryotes...

The Marburg virus (MBV), a deadly pathogen, poses a serious threat to world health due to the lack of effective treatments, calling for an immediate search for targeted and efficient treatments. In this study, we focused on compounds originating from...

Retroviruses specifically package full-length, dimeric genomic RNA (gRNA) even in the presence of a vast excess of cellular RNA. The “psi” (Ψ) element within the 5′-untranslated region (5′UTR) of gRNA is critical for packaging through interaction wit...

Functional specialization of cells and tissues in metazoans require specific gene expression patterns. Biological processes, thus, need precise temporal and spatial coordination of gene activity. Regulation of the fate of messenger RNA plays a crucia...

mRNA vaccines have been instrumental in controlling the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, but the short-lived protection mediated by Receptor Binding Domain (RBD)-specific antibodies necessitates frequent revaccinations to enhance vaccine-induced immunity. The de...

Background/Objectives: Rapid development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 was pivotal to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. The emergency also provided a rare opportunity to test novel vaccine platforms such as mRNA in large clinical trials. Most of th...

Stress granule (SG) formation is a primary mechanism through which gene expression is rapidly modulated when the eukaryotic cell undergoes cellular stresses (including heat, oxidative, viral infection, starvation). In particular, the sequestration of...

Prokaryotes have an essential gene—gyrase—that catalyzes negative supercoiling of plasmid and chromosomal DNA. Negative supercoils influence DNA replication, transcription, homologous recombination, site-specific recombination, genetic tr...

Regulation of the human IGF2 gene displays multiple layers of control, which secures a genetically and epigenetically predetermined gene expression pattern throughout embryonal growth and postnatal life. These predominantly nuclear regulatory mechani...

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) encoded by viruses play crucial roles in viral infection, pathogenesis processes, the interaction between viruses and hosts, and immune escape. Herein, by employing RNA pull-down, mass spectrometry technology, and RNA i...

S1 domain, a structural variant of one of the “oldest” OB-folds (oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding fold), is widespread in various proteins in three domains of life: Bacteria, Eukaryotes, and Archaea. In this study, it was shown tha...

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is caused by polyglutamine expansion in Ataxin-2 (ATXN2). This factor binds RNA/proteins to modify metabolism after stress, and to control calcium (Ca²⁺) homeostasis after stimuli. Cerebellar ataxias and corticosp...

Plant growth and development processes are tightly regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and the RNA-binding protein YTH regulates gene expression during growth and development at the post-transcript...

The aim of this study was to determine the antibody response and the sustainability of immunogenicity after a third dose of BNT162b2 (BNT) in homologous [ChAdOx1 (ChAd)/ChAd, BNT/BNT, and mRNA-1273 (Moderna)/Moderna] and heterologous (ChAd/BNT) vacci...

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines are administered as effective prophylactic measures for reducing virus transmission rates and disease severity. To enhance the durability of post-vaccination immunity and combat SARS-CoV-2 variants, boosters have been adminis...