305 Results Found

Molecular imaging is an emerging non-invasive method to qualitatively and quantitively visualize and characterize biological processes. Among the imaging modalities, PET/SPECT and near-infrared (NIR) imaging provide synergistic properties that result...

Positron emission tomography (PET) uses radioactive tracers and enables the functional imaging of several metabolic processes, blood flow measurements, regional chemical composition, and/or chemical absorption. Depending on the targeted processes wit...

HER2 (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2)-positive breast cancer is characterized by amplification of the HER2 gene and is associated with more aggressive tumor growth, increased risk of metastasis, and poorer prognosis when compared to other s...

Nuclear medicine techniques (single photon emission computerized tomography, SPECT, and positron emission tomography, PET) represent molecular imaging tools, able to provide in vivo biomarkers of different diseases. To investigate brain tumours and m...

Molecular imaging in preclinical research using PET and SPECT has become a key component of contemporary biomedicine, enabling noninvasive, quantitative, and longitudinal assessment of biological processes in vivo. Rapid technological progress, inclu...

KP46 (tris(hydroxyquinolinato)gallium(III)) is an experimental, orally administered anticancer drug. Its absorption, delivery to tumours, and mode of action are poorly understood. We aimed to gain insight into these issues using gallium-67 and galliu...

Radiolabeled fluorescent dyes are decisive for bimodal imaging as well as highly in demand for nuclear- and optical imaging. Silicon-rhodamines (SiRs) show unique near-infrared (NIR) optical properties, large quantum yields and extinction coefficient...

The human epidermal growth factor receptor family (EGFR-family, other designations: HER family, RTK Class I) is strongly linked to oncogenic transformation. Its members are frequently overexpressed in cancer and have become attractive targets for can...

Background and Objectives: Thyroid ectopy represents a rare disease with an incidence of 0.3–1/100,000. It occurs due to the defective embryological process of the thyroid gland development. The thyroid ectopic tissue may suffer malignant trans...

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is classified as the narrowing or complete occlusion of the lower extremity arteries due to atherosclerosis. The risk of developing PAD increases with increased age and risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, hypertens...

Simultaneous targeting of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) could improve the diagnostic accuracy in prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of this study was to develop a PSMA/GRPR-targeting bispecifi...

Isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDHs) are metabolic enzymes commonly mutated in human cancers (glioma, acute myeloid leukaemia, chondrosarcoma, and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma). These mutated variants of IDH (mIDH) acquire a neomorphic activity, namel...

Novel molecular imaging opportunities to preoperatively diagnose renal cell carcinoma is under development and will add more value in limiting the postoperative renal function loss and morbidity. We aimed to comprehensively review the research on sin...

The use of immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment regimen of certain cancer types, but response assessment has become a difficult task with conventional methods such as CT/MRT or FDG PET-CT and the classical response criteria such as RECIST o...

This review discusses the current state of Targeted Alpha Therapy (TAT) in prostate cancer, particularly in mCRPCT (metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer). This review describes the widely used Radium-223 and the novel trend in the TAT fiel...

Positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are molecular imaging strategies that typically use radioactively labeled ligands to selectively visualize molecular targets. The nanomolar sensitivity of PET a...

Background: Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), especially subtype 2 (SSTR2), are increasingly recognized as valuable molecular targets in the imaging of chronic inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. Their expression on activated immune and stromal...

The use of radiolabeled non-natural amino acids can provide high contrast SPECT/PET metabolic imaging of solid tumors. Among them, radiohalogenated tyrosine analogs (i.e., [¹²³I]IMT, [¹⁸F]FET, [¹⁸F]FDOPA, [¹²³I]8-iodo-L-TIC(OH), etc.) are of particul...

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are pivotal immune cells within the tumor stroma, whose dynamic alterations significantly impact tumor progression and therapeutic responses. Conventional methods for TAM detection, such as biopsy, are invasive and...

The use of molecular imaging technologies for brain imaging can not only play an important supporting role in disease diagnosis and treatment but can also be used to deeply study brain functions. Recently, with the support of reporter gene technology...

Obesity is a leading cause of preventable death and morbidity. To elucidate the mechanisms connecting metabolically active brown adipose tissue (BAT) and metabolic health may provide insights into methods of treatment for obesity-related conditions....

Background: Struma ovarii is a rare tumor, a type of ovarian mature teratoma consisting over 50% of its mass in thyroid ectopic tissue; 5% to 10% of cases, as described in the literature, are malignant and well known as malignant struma ovarii or thy...

The bioorthogonal reaction between a tetrazine and strained trans-cyclooctene (TCO) has garnered success in pretargeted imaging. This reaction was first validated in nuclear imaging using an ¹¹¹In-labeled 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetra...

Radiolabeled liposomes have been employed as diagnostic tools to monitor in vivo distribution of liposomes in real-time, which helps in optimizing the therapeutic efficacy of the liposomal drug delivery. This work utilizes the platform of [¹¹¹In]-Lip...

Background: Malignant melanoma remains an oncological challenge, with advanced-stage five-year survival rates under 20%. Precise molecular imaging has become indispensable for accurate staging, selection of targeted or immunotherapies, treatment resp...

A magnetic resonance (MR)-, computed tomography (CT)-, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)-, and positron emission tomography (PET)-compatible carbon-fiber sheet resistor for temperature maintenance in small animals where space limitat...

Background: The aim of this prospective study was to assess the diagnostic value of nuclear imaging with ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT (FDG PET/CT), combined ¹¹¹In-WBC/^99mTc-Nanocoll, and ^99mTc-HDP SPECT/CT (dual-isotope WBC/bone marrow scan) for patients with chro...

Introduction: Imaging in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a constantly evolving landscape. The incidence of RCC has been rising over the years with the improvement in image quality and sensitivity in imaging modalities resulting in “incidentalomas...

Hallucinogens are a loosely defined group of compounds including LSD, N,N-dimethyltryptamines, mescaline, psilocybin/psilocin, and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methamphetamine (DOM), which can evoke intense visual and emotional experiences. We are witnessing a re...

This article highlights recent developments of SPECT and PET diagnostic imaging surrogates for targeted alpha particle therapy (TAT) radiopharmaceuticals. It outlines the rationale for using imaging surrogates to improve diagnostic-scan accuracy and...

Diagnosing a peri-prosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains challenging despite the availability of a variety of clinical signs, serum and synovial markers, imaging techniques, microbiological and histological findings. Moreover, the one and only true...

The specificity of antibodies for antigens overexpressed or uniquely expressed in tumor cells makes them ideal candidates in the development of bioconjugates for tumor imaging. Molecular imaging can aid clinicians in the diagnosis of gastric tumors a...

Medical imaging provides quantitative and spatial information to evaluate treatment response in the management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). High throughput extraction of radiomic features on these images can potentially phenot...

Pharmacoscintigraphy has emerged as an essential tool in the research and development of nanomedicines, particularly in the field of nanotheranostics. By enabling the real-time, non-invasive tracking of their biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and th...

Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a tumor-specific and hypoxia-induced biomarker for the molecular imaging of solid malignancies. The nuclear- and optical-imaging of CAIX-expressing tumors have received great attention due to their potential for clinic...

Radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies represent a promising approach to integrate molecular imaging with immunotherapy for cancer diagnosis and treatment. These antibodies target immune checkpoints and tumor-associated antigens, enabling non-invasive vi...

Background: Early cancer detection is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Molecular imaging biomarkers offer the potential for non-invasive, early-stage cancer diagnosis. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy of molecular imaging...

Since their introduction, Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind have been extensively investigated, especially in the context of approximation and interpolation. Although standard interpolation methods usually employ equally spaced points, this is...

Widely established compared to myocardial perfusion imaging, cardiac autonomous nervous system (CANS) assessment by radiopharmaceutical means is of potential use especially to arrhythmogenic diseases not correlated with anatomic or functional alterat...

Extensive angiogenesis is a characteristic feature in the synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from a very early stage of the disease onward and constitutes a crucial event for the development of the proliferative synovium. This process is ma...

The central paradigm of novel therapeutic approaches in cancer therapy is identifying and targeting molecular biomarkers. One such target is the nuclear DNA repair enzyme Poly-(ADP ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1). Sensitivity to PARP inhibition in certa...

Cancer is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in our healthcare system. Molecular imaging is an emerging methodology for the early detection of cancer, guidance of therapy, and monitoring of response. The development of new instruments...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized primarily by symmetrical small joint inflammation and damage, often accompanied by anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF) positivity. While conven...

Angiogenesis is a complex biological process that plays a central role in progression of tumor growth and metastasis. It led to a search for antiangiogenic molecules, and to design antiangiogenic strategies for cancer treatment. Noninvasive molecular...

In the last decade, several radiopharmaceuticals have been developed and investigated for imaging in vivo of pediatric brain tumors with the aim of exploring peculiar metabolic processes as glucose consumption, amino-acid metabolism, and protein synt...

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, characterized by an insidious onset and poor prognosis strongly associated with tumor size and the presence of distant metastases, most commonly in the liver. Contrary to mos...

Classical methodologies used in ocular pharmacokinetics studies have difficulties to obtain information about topical and intraocular distribution and clearance of drugs and formulations. This is associated with multiple factors related to ophthalmic...

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common genetically inherited cardiac condition, characterized by clinical heterogeneity and a significantly increased risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including sudden cardiac death. Current diagn...

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc- and calcium-dependent endopeptidases which are secreted or anchored in the cell membrane and are capable of degrading the multiple components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). MMPs are frequentl...

Liposomes have been extensively studied and are used in the treatment of several diseases. Liposomes improve the therapeutic efficacy by enhancing drug absorption while avoiding or minimizing rapid degradation and side effects, prolonging the biologi...