56 Results Found

Differentiating primary and secondary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) using biomarkers for MGN is essential in patients’ diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Although biopsy has been the primary tool in making the diagnosis, not all patients can w...

The detection of phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and thrombospondin domain containing 7A THSD7A among primary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) patients transformed the diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis. Anti-PLA2R can be detected in...

Primary membranous nephropathy (MN) is caused by antibodies against podocyte antigens, especially the type M receptor of phospholipase A2 (PLA2R) and thrombospondin type-1 domain containing 7 A (THSD7A). This study’s aim was the determination o...

Aim: Glomerular diseases (GD) associated with malignancies (AM, GDAM) have unique features, which are important to recognize, in the light of the progress made in cancer therapy. We aimed to describe the clinical and histopathological characteristics...

Primary membrane nephropathy (PMN) and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) are the most common glomerular diseases in China. Because of different pathogenesis, prognosis is significantly different. When the two diseases coexist (PMN/IgAN), the clinicopathological...

Primary membranous nephropathy is usually caused by antibodies against the podocyte antigen membrane M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R). The treatment of membranous nephropathy is not fully satisfactory. The calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus is...

Secreted phospholipases A2 are snake-venom proteins with many biological activities, notably anti-tumor activity. Phospholipases from the same snake type but different geographical locations have shown similar biochemical and biological activities wi...

ATP, being a well-known universal high-energy compound, plays an important role as a signaling molecule and together with its metabolite adenosine they both attenuate the release of acetylcholine in the neuro-muscular synapse acting through membrane...

Venom gland transcriptomes and proteomes of six Micrurus taxa (M. corallinus, M. lemniscatus carvalhoi, M. lemniscatus lemniscatus, M. paraensis, M. spixii spixii, and M. surinamensis) were investigated, providing the most comprehensive, quantitative...

Long-chain acylcarnitines (LCAC) are implicated in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial injury and mitochondrial dysfunction. Yet, molecular mechanisms underlying involvement of LCAC in cardiac injury are not sufficiently studied. It is know...

Micrurus clarki is an uncommon coral snake distributed from the Southeastern Pacific of Costa Rica to Western Colombia, for which no information on its venom could be found in the literature. Using a ‘venomics’ approach, proteins of at least nine fam...

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 induces hypertrophy and calcium (Ca2+) dysregulation in cardiomyocytes, leading to cardiac arrhythmia and heart failure. However, knowledge regarding the effects of FGF-23 on cardiac fibrogenesis remains limited. Thi...

Fatty liver is tightly associated with insulin resistance and the development of type 2 diabetes. I148M variant in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) gene is associated with high liver fat but normal insulin sensitivity....

Envenoming by Macrovipera lebetina subspecies causes severe life-threatening difficulties for people living in North Africa and the Middle East. To better understand the pathophysiology of envenoming and improve patient management, knowledge about th...

Previous observations indicating a lower incidence of various types of cancer in beekeepers suggest that greater exposure to stings reduces the risk of cancer development. However, it is not known which of the active compounds of the bee venom (BV) m...

Phospholipase Dα (PLDα), which produces signaling molecules phosphatidic acid (PA), has been shown to play a critical role in plants adapting to salt environments. However, it is unclear whether phospholipase Dδ (PLDδ) can med...

Oxytocin (OT) and its receptor (OTR) are expressed in the heart and are involved in the physiological cardiovascular functional system. Although it is known that OT/OTR signaling is cardioprotective by reducing the inflammatory response and improving...

Coral snake venoms from the Micrurus genus are a natural library of components with multiple targets, yet are poorly explored. In Brazil, 34 Micrurus species are currently described, and just a few have been investigated for their venom activities. M...

Existing methods often fail to recognize the conversions for the biological roles of the pairs of genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) between the tumor and normal samples. We have developed a novel cluster scoring method to identify messenger RNA (mRNA) and...

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurs in the early stages of embryonic development and plays a significant role in the migration and the differentiation of cells into various types of tissues of an organism. However, tumor cells, with...

Secretory phospholipasesA2 (sPLA2s) form a large family of structurally related enzymes widespread in nature. Herein, we studied the inhibitory effects of sPLA2s from Vipera lebetina (VLPLA2), Vipera berus berus (VBBPLA2), and Naja naja oxiana (NNOPL...

Diacylglycerol kinase β (DGKβ) is an enzyme that converts diacylglycerol to phosphatidic acid and is mainly expressed in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum. We previously reported that DGKβ induces neurite outgrowth and spin...

Macrophages activated by Interleukin (IL)-4 (M2) or LPS+ Interferon (IFN)γ (M1) perform specific functions respectively in type 2 inflammation and killing of pathogens. Group V phospholipase A2 (Pla2g5) is required for the development and funct...

Recent evidence suggests that the reason Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) lowers blood pressure and reduces the risk of developing hypertension is partly due to minor components of EVOO, such as phenols. However, little is still known about the mechanis...

The venom proteome of the poorly studied desert coral snake Micrurus tschudii tschudii was unveiled using a venomic approach, which identified ≥38 proteins belonging to only four snake venom protein families. The three-finger toxins (3FTxs) constitut...

Fatty acid (FA)-stimulated insulin secretion (FASIS) is reviewed here in contrast to type 2 diabetes etiology, resulting from FA overload, oxidative stress, intermediate hyperinsulinemia, and inflammation, all converging into insulin resistance. Focu...

Secretory phospholipase-IIA A2 (sPLA2-IIA) is expressed in a variety of cell types under inflammatory conditions. Its presence in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with th...

Deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON) belong to type B trichothecenes that are widely detected in agricultural products as one of the most common classes of mycotoxins. In the present study, we ai...

The oral detection of sugars relies on two types of receptor systems. The first is the G-protein-coupled receptor TAS1R2/TAS1R3. When activated, this receptor triggers a downstream signaling cascade involving gustducin, phospholipase Cβ2 (PLC&be...

Milk can mediate maternal-neonatal signal transmission by the bioactive component extracellular vesicles (EVs), which select specific types of miRNA to encapsulate. The miRNA profiling of sheep milk EVs was characterized by sequencing and compared wi...

The Russell’s viper (Daboia siamensis) is a medically important venomous snake in Myanmar. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) shows potential to investigate the venom complexity, giving deeper insights into snakebite pathogenesis and possible dru...

Diverse extracellular signals induce plasma membrane translocation of sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1), thereby enabling inside-out signaling of sphingosine-1-phosphate. We have shown before that Gq-coupled receptors and constitutively active Gαq/1...

Due to the lack of chemotherapeutic drugs that selectively affect cervical cancer cells, natural sources such as snake venom are currently being investigated for molecules with antitumor potential. Pllans–II, a phospholipase A2 type–Asp49...

Snakebite envenomings are a global public health issue. The therapy based on the administration of animal-derived antivenoms has limited efficacy against the venom-induced local tissue damage, which often leads to permanent disability. Therefore, the...

The translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP), initially identified as a tumor- and growth-related protein, is also known as a histamine-releasing factor (HRF). TCTP is widely distributed in the neuronal systems, but its function is largely unc...

The circulating levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) can be a simple, but practical and useful marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). As limited studies are available in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), further studies ar...

Testicular expression of taste receptor type 1 subunit 3 (T1R3), a sweet/umami taste receptor, has been implicated in spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in mice. We explored the role of testicular T1R3 in porcine postnatal development using the Cong...

Research on viper venom has expanded into diverse medical applications, including cancer treatment. This study investigates the potential of Vipera ammodytes venom in oncology, evaluating its cytotoxicity and chemosensitising effects on malignant mel...

Murine leukemia viruses (MuLVs) are simple retroviruses that cause several diseases in mice. Retroviruses encode three basic genes: gag, pol, and env. Gag is translated as a polyprotein and moves to assembly sites where viral particles are shaped by...

Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) is an important DNA repair enzyme and its functioning is considered as one of the possible reasons for tumor resistance to topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) poisons such as topotecan. Thus, TDP1 inhibitors in combination w...

In nonalcoholic steatohepatitis animal models, an increased lipid droplet size in hepatocytes is associated with fibrogenesis. Hepatocytes with large droplet (Ld-MaS) or small droplet (Sd-MaS) macrovesicular steatosis may coexist in the human liver,...

In Colombia, Micrurus snakebites are classified as severe according to the national clinical care guidelines and must be treated with specific antivenoms. Unfortunately, these types of antivenoms are scarce in certain areas of the country and are cur...

Animal venoms are a rich source of novel biomolecules with potential applications in medicine and agriculture. Ants are one of the most species-rich lineages of venomous animals. However, only a fraction of their biodiversity has been studied so far....

Airway remodeling in asthma involves the hyperproliferation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. However, the molecular signals that regulate ASM growth are not completely understood. Gq-coupled G protein-coupled receptor and receptor tyrosine kinase...

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) induces autophagy via the 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in pig...

Liposarcomas (LPSs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies that arise from adipose tissue. Although LPSs are among the most common soft-tissue sarcoma subtypes, precision medicine treatments are not currently available. To discover LPS-subtype-spe...

The involvement of calcium-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) in aortic valve calcification is not exhaustively elucidated. Here, cPLA2α expression in aortic valve interstitial cell (AVIC) pro-calcific cultures simulatin...

Lipids and proteins of skin cells are the most exposed to harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation contained in sunlight. There is a growing need for natural compounds that will protect these sensitive molecules from damage, without harmful side effects. T...

The aim of the study was to compare the morphological features of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) adipocyte with the circulating inflammatory biomarkers and parameters of extracellular matrix remodeling in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD)....

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common form of sarcoma typical of pediatric age, arises from the malignant transformation of the mesenchymal precursors that fail to differentiate into skeletal muscle cells. Here, we investigated whether the protein...