100 Results Found

Resistance to pyrethroids (the ingredients in bed net insecticides) in the major malaria vector Anopheles funestus is threatening recent gains in the fight against malaria. Here, we established the role of an over-expressed P450, A. funestus CYP6AA1...

Cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) is an important pathway for the formation of eicosanoids. The ω-hydroxylation of AA generates significant levels of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) in various tissues. In the curr...

The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha (HNF1A) antisense RNA 1 (HNF1A-AS1) is an important lncRNA for liver growth, development, cell differentiation, and drug metabolism. Like many lncRNAs, HNF1A-AS1 has multiple annotate...

The plant-derived toxin, aristolochic acid (AA), is the cause of Chinese Herb Nephropathy and Balkan Nephropathy. Ingestion of high dose AA induces acute kidney injury, while chronic low dose ingestion leads to progressive kidney disease. Ingested AA...

Acrylamide (AA) can be formed during the thermal processing of carbohydrate-rich foods. Deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium spp., contaminates many cereal-based products. In addition to potential co-exposure through a mixed diet, c...

Acrylamide (AA) toxicity is associated with oxidative stress. During detoxification, AA is either coupled to gluthatione or biotransformed to glycidamide by the enzyme cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). The aim of our study was to examine the hepatotoxici...

Androgen receptor signaling is crucial for prostate cancer growth and is positively regulated in part by intratumoral CYP3A5. As African American (AA) men often carry the wild type CYP3A5 and express high levels of CYP3A5 protein, we blocked the wild...

Abiraterone acetate (AA) is the first-in-class of drugs belonging to the second-generation of agents inhibiting androgen neosynthesis in advanced prostate cancer. A cumulative experience attests that germinal gene polymorphisms may play a role in the...

CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7, which are located in a multigene locus (CYP3A), play crucial roles in drug metabolism. To understand the highly variable hepatic expression of CYP3As, regulatory network analyses have focused on transcription factors (TFs)...

Arachidonic acid (AA) is a polyunsaturated 20-carbon fatty acid present in phospholipids in the plasma membrane. The three primary pathways by which AA is metabolized are mediated by cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes, and cytoc...

Background/Objectives: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is steadily increasing worldwide, driven by complex genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors. Caffeine metabolism, primarily mediated by CYP1A2 (though other enzymes such as CY...

Obesity is often accompanied by metabolic and haemodynamic disorders such as hypertension, even during childhood. Arachidonic acid (AA) is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraen...

Background/Objectives: Prostate cancer is the most frequent male malignancy. The incidence of disease varies among different ethnic groups. CYP3A polymorphisms are candidates for prostate cancer susceptibility studies. The aim of the present study is...

The renal system is engaged in metabolic syndrome (MS) and metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) participate in renal homeostasis and disruption of functionality. Hibiscus sabdariffa L (HSL) is used as a diuretic and could improve renal function. The...

Treatment with abiraterone acetate and prednisone (AA/P) prolongs survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. We evaluated the genetic variation in CYP17A1 as predictive of response to AA/P. A prospective collection...

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the initiation and development of a wide range of systemic illnesses. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are derived from arachidonic acid (AA) metabolized by CYP450 epoxygenase (CYP450) and are subsequently hydroly...

Background: Female childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) carry a risk of therapy-related gonadal dysfunction. Alkylating agents (AA) are well-established risk factors, yet inter-individual variability in ovarian function is observed. Polymorphisms in CYP...

This study aims to explore the pathogenic mechanism of H-type hypertension. A rat model of H-type hypertension was established through high-methionine dietary intervention, with subsequent folic acid administration. Untargeted serum metabolomic profi...

Previous investigations have determined that some individuals have minimal or even ergolytic performance effects after caffeine ingestion. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the genetic variations of the CYP1A2 gene on the performa...

Background and Objective: Since the treatment outcome with oral anti-diabetics differs between individuals, the objective of this study is to evaluate the significance of rs622342 in SLC22A1, CYP2C9*2 (rs1799853) and CYP2C9*3 (rs1057910) with regard...

(1) Background: hypertension affects approximately half of the adults in the United States (roughly 116 million). The cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) in the kidney has been found to play a major role in the pathogen...

Previous investigations have found that several genes may be associated with the interindividual variability to the ergogenic response to caffeine. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of the genetic variations in CYP1A2 (−163C&thi...

As a major component of cell membrane lipids, Arachidonic acid (AA), being a major component of the cell membrane lipid content, is mainly metabolized by three kinds of enzymes: cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) e...

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and testosterone (T), which mediate androgen receptor nuclear translocation and target gene transcription, are crucial androgens and essential molecular triggers required for the proliferation and survival of prostate cancer...

Background and objectives: Warfarin is a commonly used anticoagulant with a narrow therapeutic index that requires a precise dose to achieve efficacy and safety. Genetic variations in the CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genes significantly contribute to individual...

Cytochrome P450 2J2 (CYP2J2) is a known arachidonic acid (AA) epoxygenase that mediates the formation of four bioactive regioisomers of cis-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). Although its expression in the liver is low, CYP2J2 is mainly observed in ex...

In the present study, AA was used to challenge bovine ovarian granulosa cells in vitro and the related parameters of cellular and molecular biology were measured. The results indicated that lower doses of AA increased survival of bovine granulosa cel...

In the Amazon, the treatment for Plasmodium vivax is chloroquine plus primaquine. However, this regimen is limited due to the risk of acute hemolytic anemia in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Primaquine is a prodrug that requires conver...

Background and Objective. VKORC1, CYP2C9, and CYP4F2 are known to be responsible for the metabolism of warfarin. The aim was to explore the frequencies of these genotypes in the Russian population and compare the results with those for other populati...

This study aims to determine whether genetic variants that influence CYP3A4 expression are associated with platelet reactivity in clopidogrel-treated patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and to evaluate the influence...

Arachidonic acid (AA) is an essential fatty acid that is released by phospholipids in cell membranes and metabolized by cyclooxygenase (COX), cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, and lipid oxygenase (LOX) pathways to regulate complex cardiovascular functio...

Background: Thrombocytopenia is a complication after liver transplantation. This study’s aims were to evaluate the role of CYP3A5 genotypes on tacrolimus-induced thrombocytopenia after orthotopic liver transplantation. Methods: In this retrospe...

Hypertension affects almost 50% of the adult American population. Metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) in the kidney play an important role in blood pressure regulation. The present study investigates the blood pressure-lowering potential of querceti...

Vitamin D is a key micronutrient in the function of the skeletomuscular system. Athletes are at increased risk of developing vitamin D deficiency during the execution of very demanding disciplines such as CrossFit®. Single-nucleotide polymorphism...

P450 enzymes are integral to insect physiology, metabolism, hormone regulation, and adaptation to environmental challenges. By leveraging transcriptomic and genomic data, this study characterized the expression of 68 unique P450 genes across developm...

Aplastic anaemia (AA) is a rare hypocellular bone marrow disease with a large number of mutations in the telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (TERT), leading to bone marrow failure. We used our benchmarked whole exome sequencing (WES) pipeline to id...

Background/Objectives: The CYP2C9 enzyme is involved in the metabolism of warfarin. The CYP2C9 gene harbors several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including CYP2C9*2 (rs1799853), which is known to affect warfarin’s therapeutic response...

Background: Cardiovascular diseases have consistently been the leading cause of death in the United States over the last two decades, with 30% of the adult American population having hypertension. The metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) in the kidne...

The pathogenesis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is complex, since many risk factors have been identified. Recent research indicates that polymorphisms in the metabolic pathway of vitamin D may be involved in both risk and survival of the disea...

Asthma is a chronic non-communicable disease that affects all age groups. The main challenge this condition poses is its heterogeneity. The role of vitamin D in asthma has aroused great interest, correlating low vitamin D levels and polymorphisms in...

Tamoxifen displays wide inter-individual variability (IIV) in its pharmacokinetics and treatment outcome. Data on tamoxifen pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics from black African breast cancer patient populations is lacking. We investigated the pha...

The CYP76 subfamily, a member of the CYP superfamily, plays crucial roles in the biosynthesis of phytohormones in plants, involving biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, hormone signaling, and response to environmental stresses. Here, we conducted a...

Cryptotanshinone (CTS), an antiplatelet compound from Salvia miltiorrhiza, exhibits in vitro potency comparable to aspirin. This study integrated network pharmacology and metabolomics to elucidate its underlying mechanisms. An acute blood stasis mode...

A clinical effect of warfarin depends on highly polymorphic drug-metabolizing (CYP2C9) and drug-target (VKORC1) enzymes. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3, and VKORC1 (G-1639A) polymorphisms on the variab...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a polygenic/complex disorder in which genomic, epigenomic, cerebrovascular, metabolic, and environmental factors converge to define a progressive neurodegenerative phenotype. Pharmacogenetics is a major determinant of ther...

Background/Objectives: Inter-individual metabolic responses to caffeine are shaped by CYP1A2 clearance rate and by concurrent lipid- or glucose-lowering drugs. We investigated how habitual caffeine intake relates to serum cholesterol and fasting gluc...

The biosynthesis of the valuable sesquiterpene anti-malarial, artemisinin, is known to respond to exogenous sugar concentrations. Here young Artemisia annua L. seedlings (strain YU) were used to measure the transcripts of six key genes in artemisinin...

Vitamin D substantially influences sports performance and post-exercise recovery because it offers anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cellular protective properties. However, deficient levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D (25(OH)D) (<30 ng/mL) co...

Background: some types of cancer have been associated with the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of some genes that encode enzymes: glutathione-S transferase (GST), whose alteration leads to loss of function and a lower capacity to e...

Arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites have been associated with several diseases across various organ systems, including the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and renal systems. Lipid mediators generated from AA oxidation have been studied to control macrophage...