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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy, with increasing global incidence. Morbidity and mortality associated with HCC remains high, and HCC is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Early detection and treatm...

Major depressive disorder (MDD), a prevalent mental illness, is marked by a complex mixture of biological factors. This review focuses on the roles of oxidative stress, tryptophan-serotonin metabolism, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and th...

The increase in cancer incidence in recent years necessitates urgent exploration of novel and alternative sources of natural bioactives for targeted cancer therapy. Approximately 75% of the Earth’s surface is covered by oceans, which are though...

Malaria and HIV are geographically in the tropics and subtropics of the world, including sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding the overlapping effect of both infections, especially among pregnant women, is crucial in managing pregnant women during antena...

Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) began more than 20 years ago as percutaneous endoscopic discectomy and has evolved to the present day. This technique offers many advantages, including a short hospital stay, minimal trauma and blood loss, the option of...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have triggered a recent pandemic of respiratory disease and affected almost every country all over the world. A large amount of natural bioactive compounds are under clinical inv...

Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is a cancer testis antigen (CTA) that is selectively expressed in certain somatic tissues, predominantly in the testis, and is overexpressed in various cancers. PRAME family proteins are leucine-ri...

After an initial positive response to chemotherapy, cancer patients often acquire chemoresistance and tumor relapse, which makes cancer one of the most lethal diseases worldwide. Exosomes are essential mediators of cell-to-cell communication by deliv...

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, characterized by its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases, play a pivotal role in the progression of lu...

Many ailments can be diagnosed while they are asymptomatic, meaning that the patient has no signs or symptoms of a progressing disease. If caught in their initial stage of formation, these disorders can be effectively treated, leading to successful o...