Physical Sciences Forum, Volume 7, Issue 1

In submitting conference proceedings to Physical Sciences Forum, the volume editors of the proceedings certify to the publisher that all papers published in this volume have been subjected to peer review administered by the volume editors [...]

Advances in cosmology and astronomical observations have brought to light significant tensions and uncertainties within the current model of cosmology, which assumes a spatially flat Universe and is known as the ΛCDM model. Moreover, the Planc...

The recent Planck Legacy 2018 release verified the presence of an enhanced lensing amplitude in the power spectra of the cosmic microwave background with a confidence level of over 99%, which implies that the early Universe had a positive curvature....

In this paper, we investigate the four classical tests of general relativity in the non-commutative (NC) gauge theory of gravity. Using the Seiberg–Witten (SW) map and the star product, we calculate the deformed metric components ${\widehat{g}}_{\mathrm{\mu \nu }}(r,\&$...

In this paper, we study the dynamical and statistical properties of the cosmic web and investigate their ability to infer the corresponding cosmological model. Our definition of the cosmic web is based on the local dimensionality of the gravitational...

The G2 gas cloud motion data and the scarcity of observations on the event horizon-scale distances have challenged the comprehensiveness of the central supermassive black hole model. In addition, the recent Planck Legacy 2018 release has confirmed th...

In this paper, we present a flowchart of the Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) afterglows, aiming to create a numerical FORTRAN code. Considering several proposed models, the hydrodynamic evolution describing the external shock of the jet with the environment su...

Large inconsistencies in the outcome of precise measurements of Newtonian gravitational ‘constant’ were identified throughout more than three hundred experiments conducted up to date. This paper illustrates the dependency of the Newtonian...

We investigate the background dynamics of a class of models with noncanonical scalar field and matter both in Friedmann Lemaitre Robertson Walker (FLRW) closed and open spacetime. The detailed dynamical system analysis is carried out in a bouncing sc...

The metric self-organization of matterspace–time implies a nonlocal correlation of its affine connections and the fulfillment of the volumetric conservation of energy–momentum under shifts in coordinate time. Geodesic forces or accelerati...

Analytical spherically symmetric static solution to the set of Einstein and Klein-Gordon equations in a synchronous reference frame is considered. In a synchronous reference frame, a static solution exists in the ultrarelativistic limit $p=-\mathrm{\&eps}$...

Superconformal mechanics describes superparticle dynamics in near-horizon geometries of supersymmetric black holes. We systematically study the minimal compatible set of constraints required for a gauged superconformal symmetry. Our study uncovers cl...

In a recent paper, a new conformally flat metric was introduced, describing an expanding scalar field in a spherically symmetric geometry. The spacetime can be interpreted as a Schwarzschild-like model with an apparent horizon surrounding the curvatu...

It has recently been shown that the tunneling wavefunction proposal is consistent with loop quantum geometry corrections, including both holonomy and inverse scale factor corrections, in the gravitational part of a spatially closed isotropic model wi...

Based on light speed expansion, a modified red shift formula, a scaled Hawking’s black hole temperature formula, the super gravity of galactic baryon matter and baby Planck ball, in our recent publications we have clearly established a novel mo...

Neutron stars are like nuclear physics laboratories, providing a unique opportunity to apply and search for new physics. In that spirit, we explored novel concepts of nuclear physics studied in a neutron star environment. Firstly, we investigated the...

Two equations whose variables take values in the Pauli algebra of complex quaternions are shown to be equivalent to the standard Dirac equation and its Hermitian conjugate taken together. They are transformed one into the other by an outer automorphi...

We investigated the Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) cosmological models within the framework of Rastall gravity incorporating particle creation. The modified field equations for Rastall gravity are derived, and exact solu...

This paper shows that the field defined by the Wheeler–DeWitt equation for pure gravity is neither a standard gravitational field nor the field representing a particular universe. The theory offers a unified description of geometry and matter,...

In this work, we would like to address the problem of the effect of bulk matter on the brane cosmological evolution in a general way. We assume that the spatial part of the brane metric is not maximally symmetric, and is, therefore, spatially inhomog...

Geometric optics approximation sufficiently describes the effects in the near-earth environment, and Faraday rotation is purely a reference frame effect in this limit. A simple encoding procedure could mitigate the Faraday phase error. However, the f...

Supermassive black holes accreting matter at very high, perhaps even super-Eddington rates appear in the sky as a special class of luminous active galactic nuclei. The Eigenvector 1/quasar main sequence parameter space allows for the definition of ea...

Single field inflationary models are investigated within Palatini quadratic gravity, represented by $R+\alpha R^2$, along with a non-minimal coupling of the form $f\left(\varphi \right)R$ between the inflaton field $\varphi$ and the gravity. The treatment is performed in...

A locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi-I model is explored both in general relativity and in f(R,T) gravity, where R is the Ricci scalar and T is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. Solutions have been found by means of a special Hubble parame...

Whether an algebraic or a geometric or a phenomenological prescription is applied, the first fundamental form is unambiguously related to the modeling of the curved spacetime. Accordingly, we assume that the possible quantization of the first fundame...

Galactic feedback (i.e., outflows) plays a fundamental role in regulating galaxy formation and evolution. We investigate the physical properties of galactic outflows in a sample of 29 local low-metallicity dwarf galaxies drawn from the Dwarf Galaxy S...

Nuclei that are unstable with respect to double beta decay are potentially interesting for a novel Dark Matter (DM) direct detection approach. In particular, a Majorana DM fermion inelastically scattering on a double beta unstable nucleus could stimu...

This paper presents a theoretical calculation of the vacuum energy density by summing the contributions of all quantum fields’ vacuum states, which turns out to indicate that there seems to be a missing bosonic contribution in order to match th...

Galaxies are thought to grow through star formation or by interacting with each other. To understand which process dominates, we investigated the contribution of major mergers to the galaxy mass assembly across cosmic time. We made use of recent obse...

In this paper, we consider using the gravitational decoupling method to obtain a hairy regular black hole which corresponds to the Hayward model. We modify the hairy Schwarzschild solution to obtain the regular Kretschmann scalar. The energy momentum...

In this paper, we have studied an anisotropic Bianchi-I cosmological model in $f(R,T)$ gravity. To obtain the exact solutions of the field equations, we have used the condition $\sigma /\theta$ to be a function of the scale factor (IJTP, 54, 2740-2757, ...

Pauli established the standard view that the spin of the electron was a completely abstract non-classical angular momentum that could not be thought of as the rotation of anything. Here, we give a pedagogical presentation of old work by Belifante (19...

We studied the following scalar field ϕCDM models: ten quintessence models and seven phantom models. We reconstructed these models using the phenomenological method developed by our group. For each potential, the following ranges were found: (i)...

Black Holes are not expected to form in the mass range of 60 M_⊙ to 130 M_⊙ because of the Pair-Instability Supernova (PISN). However, the recent observational evidence of GW190521 does not comply with the existing theory. Here, we have loo...

Halo Dark Matter (DM) formation is a complex process, intertwining both gravitational and cosmological nonlinear phenomena. One of the manifestations of this complexity is the shape of the resulting present-day DM halos: simulations and observations...

At finite isospin chemical potential ${\mu }_I$, the tension between measured decays and partial branching ratios of neutral and charged bosons as functions of dimuon mass squared and the Standard Model (SM) isospin asymmetry can be analyzed in nonperturb...

An accurate flux measurement of low-energy charged particles trapped in the magnetosphere is necessary for space weather characterization and to study the coupling between the lithosphere and magnetosphere, which allows for the investigation of the c...

Gravitational wave (GW) astronomy provides an independent way to estimate cosmological parameters. The detection of GWs from a coalescing binary allows a direct measurement of its luminosity distance, so these sources are referred to as “standa...

Wispy Terrain, with its chasmata, is one of the enigmatic regions of Dione. It consists of quasi-parallel graben, and troughs, in parts with horsts, indicating extensional and shear stresses. This study introduces some observations of compression-rel...

In this work, we examined characteristics of the currently confirmed exoplanet population in order to characterize some of the crucial parameters for ocean formation. Two correlation heatmaps were created: one for the exoplanets in general, and one f...

This work deals with the deconfinement phase transition from a hadronic gas (HG) phase consisting of massive pions, to a quark–gluon plasma (QGP) phase consisting of gluons, massless up and down quarks and massive strange quarks, in addition to...

We consider $F\left(R\right)$ cosmological models with a scalar field. For the $R^2$ model in the spatially flat Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric, the Ricci scalar R can smoothly change its sign during the evolution if and only if t...

Here, we discuss the possibility of the admixture of baryons to the DM primordial planets, with the DM particles varying in mass from 20 GeV to 100 GeV. We have considered different fractions of admixture particles to form the planet. The mass of the...

The study introduces a theory about a giant impact on the surface of Dione. Our study suspects a relatively low-velocity (≤5 km/s) collision between a c.a. 50–80 km diameter object and Dione, which might have resulted in the resurfacing of i...

It is well known that the universe is undergoing accelerated expansion during recent times and that it underwent a decelerated expansion in early times. The deceleration parameter, essentially the second derivative of the scale factor, can be used to...

It is well established from various pieces of observational evidence that the relative abundance of baryonic matter in the Universe is less than 5%. The remaining 95% is made up of dark matter (DM) and dark energy. In view of the negative results fro...

A locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi-I model filled with strange quark matter is explored in $f(R,T)=R+2f\left(T\right)$ gravity, where R is the Ricci scalar, T is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor and $\lambda$ is an arbitrary constant. Exact solutions...

The presence of currents in the interior of cold neutron stars can lead to a state in which nucleons remain superfluid while the quasiparticle energy spectrum has no gap. We show within the self-consistent time-dependent nuclear energy density functi...

Astroneu is an array of autonomous extensive air shower detection stations deployed at the Hellenic Open University (HOU) campus on the outskirts of Patras in Western Greece. In the first phase of operation, nine scintillators detectors and three rad...

Dark matter in the Milky Way is explained by the F-type of vacuum polarization, which could represent dark radiation. A nonsingular solution for dark radiation exists in the presence of eicheon (i.e., black hole in old terminology) in the galaxy&rsqu...