2026 July - 131 articles
Background/Objectives: Early handwriting and motor skills underpin later academic success, yet robust evidence for psychomotor programs in preschoolers is limited. This study examined whether participation in a six-week psychomotor intervention was a...
Background/Objectives: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescence is associated with emotion dysregulation, experiential avoidance, psychiatric morbidity, and later suicidal risk. Interventions based primarily on acceptance and commitment therapy...
Background/Objectives: Fetal MRI is used increasingly to detect fetal brain anomalies despite limited high-quality evidence. The common anomaly, ventriculomegaly, exemplifies the challenge of using fetal MRI for neurodevelopmental prognostication. Me...
Background/Objectives: Bullying represents a serious threat to the physical, psychological, and social well-being of students, with particular relevance in Physical Education (PE) contexts, where the physical and competitive nature of the setting may...
Background: A growing body of literature associates increases in electronic screen time with a vast array of psychological consequences amongst adolescents, but little is known about the neurological underpinnings of this relationship. Methods: This...
Background/Objectives: Caffeine citrate is widely used in very preterm infants, but whether initiation during the first postnatal hours is independently associated with respiratory outcomes remains uncertain. We evaluated the association between caff...
Background/Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in youth mental health services, including clinical decision support, risk prediction, and digital therapeutics. However, existing frameworks provide limited guidance for integr...
Neonatal renal tumors are uncommon and generally associated with an excellent prognosis. We report the youngest patient to date with unilateral non-syndromic Wilms tumor successfully treated with nephron-sparing surgery rather than radical nephrectom...
Background/Objectives: Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a toxin-mediated skin disorder caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), mainly affecting young children. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology, clinical features, micro...
Background: In Romania, data regarding the oral health of infants and toddlers is scarce. This study aimed to analyze the reasons for the first dental visit among children aged 3 or under and to assess their oral health status and the therapeutic met...
Objective: Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a common pediatric emergency, and bronchoscopy remains the diagnostic and therapeutic gold standard despite its invasive nature and associated procedural risks. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and...
Objectives: Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital malformations of the male genitourinary system, and postoperative complications remain a major concern affecting surgical outcomes and patients‘ quality of life. Whether machine learn...
Background: Critically ill children with cancer are vulnerable to sepsis and septic shock, secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), cytokine release syndrome, delayed chemotherapy clearance, and multiorgan dysfunction. Although hemoadsorpt...
Background: Dysautonomia, including postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and related orthostatic disorders, is frequently associated with debilitating gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in adolescents, including chronic nausea, early satiety,...
Background: Pneumomediastinum is a clinical condition characterized by the presence of free air within the mediastinum. Methods: We report the case of a 12-year-old boy with recurrent wheezing who developed pneumomediastinum associated with pneumorrh...
Vaccinations are a cornerstone of primary prevention in pediatric otolaryngology and play a critical role in reducing the burden of pediatric infectious diseases, particularly acute otitis media (AOM) and HPV-related infections. The introduction and...
Aim: This two-center retrospective observational study evaluated whether outpatient conscious sedation protocols based on titrated nitrous oxide/oxygen, midazolam, or their combination enabled complex dental and minor oral surgical procedures to be c...
Background: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) offers a comprehensive assessment of mean blood pressure (BP), circadian patterns, and out-of-office hypertension phenotypes. We evaluated the association of ABPM parameters with left ventricula...
Background: Liver transplantation is the standard treatment for children with advanced hepato-blastoma when complete resection is not feasible. However, transplantation may be contraindicated because of persistent metastatic disease, severe comorbidi...
Background/Objectives: Joint attention and behavioral request are foundational component of early social communication and play a crucial role in later socio-cognitive development. This study aimed to examine the developmental trajectories of joint a...
Background: Progesterone is an endogenous pregnancy hormone widely used in reproductive medicine and obstetrics. Its developmental relevance should be interpreted by distinguishing direct molecular plausibility from indirect obstetric effects, includ...
Background. When free margins can be achieved and adjacent joints can be preserved, limb salvage surgery is the preferred treatment for intercalary paediatric bone tumours in the lower extremity. Biological reconstruction techniques include allograft...
Background/Objectives: Needle-related procedures such as venipuncture are common in pediatric hospitals and are a major cause of pain, fear and distress for those affected. Despite the availability of a wide range of evidence-based support options, i...
Background: Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is a chronic autoinflammatory disease that may adversely affect sleep quality, emotional well-being, and other patient-reported outcomes during childhood and adolescence. However, previous pediatric stud...
Background/Objectives: Sleep health is a multi-faceted biopsychosocial concept that affects well-being across the lifespan. Insufficient sleep occurs in large numbers of children and there is emerging evidence for the influence of socioecological fac...
Background: Exercise habits are unknown in pediatric patients with anomalous aortic origin of coronary arteries (AAOCA). In this study, we aim to identify differences in exercise habits and their relationship to BMI and other demographic factors in p...
Background/Objectives: Early childhood is a critical period for physical development, yet the long-term impact of initial exercise experiences on specific motor skills remains underexplored. This study adopted a longitudinal follow-up design to exami...
Background/Objectives: Patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) are at increased risk of emotional distress, yet little is known about the immediate psychological impact of receiving the diagnosis itself. This study aimed to evaluate short...
Background: Inflammatory mechanisms may contribute to persistent ductal patency in preterm infants with hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA). This study evaluated early postnatal temporal patterns of complete blood count (CBC)...
Background: Puberty in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with increased insulin requirements, reduced insulin sensitivity, and changes in body composition. Objective: To evaluate body mass index (BMI) and body composition in children...
Background/Objectives: Psychosocial, neuropsychological, social, and academic difficulties may persist after pediatric cancer treatment. We described parent/caregiver-reported functioning and support needs and explored their associations with clinica...
Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common paediatric haematological malignancy. Treatment-related immunosuppression compromises mucosal integrity and contributes to oral and dento-maxillary complications, which remain a clini...
Background/Objectives: Promoting positive mental well-being (PMW) among primary school-aged children can reduce future risks of developing adverse mental health. However, there is a dearth of appropriate psychometrically sound measures of PMW that sc...
Background/Objectives: The digital transition in school settings is reshaping children’s learning, writing practices, and mental health trajectories. This narrative review examines whether handwriting still matters in contemporary hybrid educat...
Necrotising enterocolitis is a highly challenging condition in neonatal surgery, with a substantial proportion of affected infants requiring operative intervention with a significant associated morbidity and mortality. Radiological evidence of perfor...
Introduction: Mediastinal tumors in children are rare and heterogeneous, and their surgical management is challenging due to limited working space and proximity to critical structures. While thoracoscopy has expanded, technical limitations persist in...
Background/Objectives: Supracondylar humerus fractures are among the most common pediatric fractures and may be associated with neurovascular complications. Brachial artery entrapment is a rare but limb-threatening condition requiring urgent recognit...
Background: Adolescent obesity is an escalating public health concern globally and in Greece, associated with significant physical and psychological consequences. Pediatricians serve as frontline clinicians in the early identification, counseling, an...
Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders among children and is associated with significant behavioral, academic, and social challenges. Caregiver-focused behavioral interven...
Background/Objectives: Intermittent ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), classically termed Dietl’s crisis, may be missed when imaging is obtained outside symptomatic periods. The challenge is amplified in duplicated collecting systems, w...
Background: Pediatric pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is a progressive and recurrent condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Long-term outcomes of individual pulmonary veins remain poorly described. Methods: All pediatric (<18 years)...
Background: The early development of sociocognitive skills is linked to, and serves as a precursor for, the development of communication, language, and socialisation. Some of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism, are charac...
Background/Objectives: Physical activity and sedentary behavior are key indicators of youth health, and questionnaires offer a cost-effective method for data collection. This systematic review synthesized evidence on the criterion and convergent vali...
Childhood-onset lupus nephritis (cLN) should no longer be framed as a smaller version of adult lupus nephritis. It is a high-stakes pediatric kidney disease in which immune injury, treatment toxicity, growth, puberty, fertility, adherence, and transi...
Background/Objectives: Bezoars are described as masses of undigested substances that can be found within the gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed to explore the types of bezoars observed in pediatric patients and examine the underlying factors co...
Children undergoing cancer treatment face repeated, prolonged hospitalisations carrying substantial risks of psychological distress, social isolation, and impaired development. Volunteers offering structured non-medical activities are widely employed...
Background/Objectives: Early palliative care referral for new oncologic diagnoses has been widely recognized as integral to comprehensive care, but there exists a paucity of research assessing referral patterns in pediatric oncology. The objective of...
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures profoundly affected child and adolescent mental health, with increasing evidence of a rise in psychiatric symptomatology and healthcare burden. This study aimed to evaluate temporal c...
Background: Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is a targeted intervention that supports participants’ development by involving animals in the therapeutic process. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of AAT with preschool and primary sc...
Background and Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important contributor to morbidity and mortality in critically ill children. This study aimed to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of AKI in a tertiary pediatric...
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