2026 September - 123 articles
Background/Objectives: Clostridioides difficile colonization is common among hospitalized onco-hematological patients, yet its clinical significance and risk factors in this population remain incompletely characterized. This study aimed to deter...
This review provides a comprehensive account of 30 natural product (NP)-inspired antifungal therapeutic agents introduced for human use between 1872 and August 2026. These comprise 14 NPs (47%) and 16 NP-derived (NP-D; 53%) agents, the latter encompa...
Antibiotics can be administered to individual patients or animals, but their evolutionary consequences extend across ecosystems [...]
Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global threat, exacerbated by the overuse and misuse of antimicrobials. This study evaluated antimicrobial use and prescribing patterns among inpatients in three tertiary hospitals in Nepa...
Background/Objectives: Carbapenems remain the standard treatment for infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E), but their widespread use contributes to the emergence of carbapenem resistance. Ce...
Objectives: The fourth-generation fluoroquinolone delafloxacin (DFX) is propagated as a novel (oral) treatment option for infections with multidrug-resistant Gram-negatives. To date, efficacy data for Enterobacterales is only available for wild-type...
Background/Objectives: Proteus mirabilis is an opportunistic pathogen and a potential reservoir of clinically important antimicrobial resistance genes in animal production. However, mink-derived P. mirabilis remains poorly characterized. This st...
Background/Objectives: Despite the widespread use of antibiotics in animal husbandry, limited data are available on the presence of antibiotic residues in beef consumed in Egypt. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine ciprofloxacin, oxytetra...
Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance poses a severe global threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Hospitalized patients in internal medicine wards are vulnerable to inappropriate antibiotic exposure. This study aimed to...
Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) is among the most common pathogens causing bone and joint infections (BJI), which require adequate source control combined with prolonged antimicrobial therapy. For decades, intravenous antistaphyl...
Background: This study evaluated the ecotoxicity of five synergistic antimicrobial combinations of terpineol-antibiotic (SACTA), developed to reduce antibiotic (ABX) doses while maintaining antimicrobial efficacy. The ABXs tested were gentamicin (GTM...
Background/Objectives: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infections represent a critical global health threat with limited therapeutic options and high mortality rates. Novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (BL/BLI) combinations ha...
Background/Objectives: The rapid emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains represent a major global health threat, requiring the development of novel broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. This study aims to design, synthesize, and...
Latency antibiotic therapy is an established component of expectant management after preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROMs). Pooled randomised evidence from 22 trials involving 6872 women and infants shows that antibiotics prolong pregnancy,...
Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, coupled with the stagnation of antibiotic discovery, underscores the urgent need for new therapeutic strategies targeting underexplored bacterial mechanisms. The Escherichia coli mechanosensi...
Antibiotic duration is a central question in antimicrobial stewardship, yet dental prescribing often remains anchored to fixed five- or seven-day courses despite the source-control-dependent nature of many odontogenic infections. Current dental guida...
Background/Objectives: The increasing antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria has created an urgent need for new therapies that target virulence factors. Biofilm formation is a major determinant of bacterial pathogenicity and antimicrobial resis...
Background/Objectives: Biliary contamination has been linked to infectious complications and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). It remains unclear whether surgeons consider suspected bilia...
Background/Objectives: Listeria monocytogenes is a major foodborne pathogen of public health concern because of the severe outcomes associated with invasive listeriosis, its ability to persist throughout the food chain, and its capacity to form...
Background/Objectives: Antibiotic residues in aquatic environments reflect interacting physicochemical, climatic, and microbiological processes. This study characterized selected antibiotics in wastewater and surface water associated with the Danube...
Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance has been recognized as a major global health threat, with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii identified as one of the most critical pathogens. To address the limitations of conventional antibio...
Introduction: Severe periodontitis, corresponding to Stage III and Stage IV disease according to the 2018 World Workshop classification, represents a substantial global health burden. Systemic antibiotics have been investigated as adjuncts to mechani...
Background/Objectives: Antibiotic-associated encephalopathy (AAE) is a serious adverse reaction whose presentation is thought to differ between antibiotics; whether these agent-specific profiles are consistently reflected in spontaneous reports acros...
Antimicrobial resistance represents a major One Health challenge affecting human, animal, and environmental health, and responsible antimicrobial use in companion animal medicine has become increasingly important. This narrative review synthesizes cu...
Background: Antimicrobial resistance is at alarming levels. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a clinical concern and has been classified as one of the so-called ESKAPE pathogens. The increase in resistance coupled with the lack of new ag...
Background/Objectives: Prompt initiation of appropriate antibiotics is essential for sepsis management. While early anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) therapy benefits confirmed cases, unnecessary use in low-risk patients promote...
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health threat, driven in part by inappropriate antibiotic use. Vulnerable populations, such as individuals within the criminal justice system, potentially face heightened AMR risks due to infecti...
Background: Orthopaedic infections require accurate microbiological diagnosis for effective treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an accelerated protocol for culture harvesting and incubation on culture positivity rates in orthopaedic...
Background: Early broad-spectrum empirical therapy is life-saving in critical illness, but its unnecessary continuation drives resistance, toxicity, and cost; antibiotic de-escalation is the principal stewardship strategy for resolving this tension,...
Background: Community-acquired intra-abdominal infections (CA-IAIs) exhibit significant clinical heterogeneity. However, most studies focusing on CA-IAIs do not stratify comparisons by infection site. Methods: This post hoc analysis of the prospectiv...
Background/Objectives: Cystitis is a common lower urinary tract infection often associated with recurrence, bladder discomfort, and increasing antimicrobial resistance. Essential oils (Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Origanum vulgare, and Thymus vulgaris) are...
Background/Objectives: Veterinary antimicrobial surveillance has been developed mainly around weight-based indicators, whereas the monetary dimension of antimicrobial sales has been less commonly reported. The Japanese Veterinary Antimicrobial Resist...
Background: Inappropriate antibiotic use contributes to antimicrobial resistance. Evidence regarding the impact of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) remains limited. The study aims to evaluate the imp...
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to characterize the epidemiology, resistance, virulence determinants, and genomic relatedness of OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a secondary-care hospital in north-eastern Italy, and to assess the in...
Background/Objectives: Although the potential of hairy roots in secondary metabolite including antimicrobal production has been demonstrated in many laboratories, the scale-up to industrial production might lead to undesired phenomena affecting the f...
Background/Objectives: visceral leishmaniasis (VL) remains an important zoonotic disease in endemic Mediterranean regions, where children represent one of the populations at highest risk of developing symptomatic infection. Although pentavalent antim...
Background/Objectives: Severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) can be fatal and requires the rapid and appropriate administration of antibiotics. Rapid multiplex PCR pneumonia panels are widely used tools for antimicrobial de-escalation and steward...
Background: Respiratory tract candidiasis, primarily caused by Candida species, is a prevalent opportunistic fungal infection in individuals with HIV/AIDS. A high HIV viral load is considered a significant risk factor for developing respiratory funga...
Background: Monitoring antibiotic consumption represents an important objective for antimicrobial stewardship programs in hospitals. The aim of this study was to analyze antibiotic consumption patterns in three Romanian hospitals. Methods: A five-yea...
Background. Rational design of phage cocktails typically relies on the lytic spectrum. However, susceptibility criteria vary widely among studies, ranging from qualitative lysis in spot tests to quantitative endpoints based on serial-dilution titrati...
Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an urgent global threat, with bacteria developing resistance against most antibiotics currently in clinical use. Non-traditional antibacterials—including bacteriophages, antimicrobial pep...
Background/Objectives: Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health challenge, especially with tricky bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Anthranilate, previously identified as a signaling molecule in P. aeruginosa, modulates various pathogenic...
Background/Objectives: Environmental bacterial isolates with contrasting, previously established antimicrobial-susceptibility phenotypes may differ in growth under antibiotic-free conditions, but such differences can reflect strain background and tem...
Background/Objectives: Prompt identification of bloodborne pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance is critical for effective sepsis management. Direct molecular testing of blood offers faster results than blood culture; however, its clinical uti...
Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) constitutes a major public health and economic burden in contemporary society. This work aims to identify the patterns and temporal trends of Klebsiella pneumoniae resistance to carbapenems across...
Background/Objectives: Streptococcus parasuis is an under-recognized member of the Streptococcus suis complex that can be misidentified by routine diagnostic methods. Human clinical isolates remain sparsely characterized. This study investigated...
Background/Objectives: Routine local gentamicin irrigation has been used during artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation despite limited procedure-specific evidence. We evaluated early outcomes after its calendar-defined discontinuation. Metho...
Background/Objectives: Trunk injection of oxytetracycline (OTC) can suppress Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) and improve the productivity of citrus trees affected by huanglongbing (HLB), a devastating bacterial disease, but conventional acid...
Clinical guidelines for antimicrobial pharmacotherapy are crucial tools, built upon extensive research and expert consensus, designed to optimize the treatment of infections [...]
Background/Objectives: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are important zoonotic pathogens associated with gastrointestinal infections and hemolytic–uremic syndrome (HUS). Increasing serotype diversity, emergence of hybrid strains, a...
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