Gram-Positive Cocci: Antimicrobial Resistance, Treatment, Susceptibility, and New Therapeutic Options

Dear Colleagues,

Gram-positive cocci, including Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus species, are among the most clinically significant pathogens worldwide. Their ability to cause a wide range of infections—ranging from mild conditions to life-threatening diseases, such as sepsis, endocarditis, and pneumonia—makes them a persistent challenge in both hospital and community settings. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes, and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae, has further complicated treatment and infection control strategies, placing these microorganisms on the 2024 WHO Bacterial Priority Pathogens List, which urgently requires new therapeutic options. This Special Issue aims to explore recent advances in understanding resistance mechanisms, current trends in susceptibility and treatment, and the clinical implications of drug-resistant Gram-positive cocci. We also welcome contributions on novel antimicrobial agents, therapeutic strategies, diagnostic tools, and alternative approaches such as phage therapy, CRISPR-Cas, nanotechnology, and antimicrobial peptides, among others. Original research, reviews, and short communications that contribute to the global effort to mitigate antimicrobial resistance and improve clinical outcomes are highly encouraged.

Prof. Dr. Felipe Piedade Gonçalves Neves
Guest Editor

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