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Forests, Volume 16, Issue 11

November 2025 - 138 articles

Cover Story: Accurate forest inventories are essential for planning and management, yet traditional sample-based cruising often leave uncertainties unresolved until harvest. To assess these uncertainties, this study used two digital inventories derived from airborne laser scanning: one from the mixed conifer stands of the University of Idaho Experimental Forest and one from a loblolly pine plantation in Louisiana. These complete tree-level datasets allowed direct comparison between sample estimates and their true population values. Multiple simulated cruises showed that plot placement strategies, edge-plot handling, and stratum boundaries are the main sources of errors. The results demonstrate how wall-to-wall LiDAR inventories can reduce weaknesses in traditional sampling and point toward more robust, scalable approaches to forest inventory. View this paper
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Articles (138)

  • Review
  • Open Access
344 Views
30 Pages

Factors Affecting CO2, CH4, and N2O Fluxes in Temperate Forest Soils

  • Amna Saher,
  • Gaeun Kim,
  • Jieun Ahn,
  • Namyi Chae,
  • Haegeun Chung and
  • Yowhan Son

13 November 2025

Greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from forests, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), are regulated by complex interactions of abiotic and biotic factors. A better understanding of these interactions involving GHGs can hel...

  • Article
  • Open Access
283 Views
20 Pages

ALIVE: A New Protocol for Investigating the Modern Pollen Deposition of Italian Forest Communities and the Correlation with Their Species Composition

  • Roberta Pini,
  • Paolo Bertuletti,
  • Lorenzo Caucci,
  • Alessandra Celant,
  • Elisa De Luca,
  • Simone De Santis,
  • Laura Ferigato,
  • Valentina Fontana,
  • Giulia Furlanetto and
  • Donatella Magri
  • + 2 authors

13 November 2025

Modern pollen deposition studies are essential to forestry and palaeoecological research, as they provide the key to understanding the relationship between the abundance of palynomorphs in natural (moss, litter, top core sediment) or artificial traps...

  • Article
  • Open Access
328 Views
25 Pages

Between Old Law and New Practice: The Policy–Implementation Gap in Türkiye’s Forest Governance Transition

  • Üstüner Birben,
  • Meriç Çakır,
  • Nilay Tulukcu Yıldızbaş,
  • Hasan Tezcan Yıldırım,
  • Dalia Perkumienė,
  • Mindaugas Škėma and
  • Marius Aleinikovas

12 November 2025

Türkiye’s forest governance exhibits a persistent policy–implementation gap rooted in a governance paradox: while the Ecosystem-Based Functional Planning (EBFP) system promotes ecological integrity and adaptive management, the founda...

  • Article
  • Open Access
242 Views
17 Pages

Characteristics of Long-Term Soil Respiration Variability in a Temperate Deciduous Broadleaf Forest

  • Minyoung Lee,
  • Dongmin Seo,
  • Jeongsoo Park,
  • Hoyeon Won and
  • Jaeseok Lee

12 November 2025

As climate change accelerates, environmental factors are expected to fluctuate as well. To gain insight into soil respiration (Rs) dynamics, it is essential to conduct long-term measurements of Rs alongside environmental variations. To this end, we e...

  • Article
  • Open Access
308 Views
31 Pages

12 November 2025

To accurately analyze the dynamic response and driving mechanism of forest carbon sequestration in the core area of the Loess Plateau’s Returning Farmland to Forestry Project, this study takes the Beiluo River Basin as the research area. Using...

  • Article
  • Open Access
322 Views
20 Pages

12 November 2025

Detecting forest tree species distribution using satellite imagery with deep-learning models is essential for effective forest management. While sufficient training samples are crucial for developing deep-learning-based tree species classification mo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
305 Views
20 Pages

Blue Carbon Investment Potential in Lamu and Kwale Counties of Kenya: Carbon Inventory and Market Prospects

  • James Gitundu Kairo,
  • Anthony Mbatha,
  • Gabriel Njoroge Wanyoike,
  • Fredrick Mungai,
  • Brian Kiiru Githinji,
  • Joseph Kipkorir Sigi Lang’at,
  • Gladys Kinya,
  • Gilbert Kiplangat Kosgei,
  • Kisilu Mary and
  • Lisa Oming'o

12 November 2025

Blue carbon ecosystems, particularly mangroves, seagrasses, and salt marshes, play a crucial role in climate regulation by capturing and storing huge stocks of carbon. Together with supporting fisheries production, protecting shorelines from erosion,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
405 Views
20 Pages

12 November 2025

Forest-type national nature reserves and their surrounding areas have experienced a series of drought events, which have influenced forest ecosystem stability. Assuming that drought events do not cause a shift in the ecosystem’s stable state, w...

  • Article
  • Open Access
504 Views
33 Pages

11 November 2025

Forest structure, including trees, deadwood and tree-related microhabitats, is a key determinant of forest biodiversity. Their relative contribution in shaping local (alpha) biodiversity and its variation (beta) between sites remains unclear. We asse...

  • Review
  • Open Access
491 Views
18 Pages

11 November 2025

Forest diseases threaten tree health, biodiversity, and ecosystem services, with impacts amplified by climate change and global trade. Understanding and managing these threats is difficult due to the longevity of trees, the size and inaccessibility o...

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Forests - ISSN 1999-4907