Energies, Volume 13, Issue 2

While addressing the issue of improving the performance of Photovoltaic (PV) systems, the simulation results are highly influenced by the PV model accuracy. Building the PV module mathematical model is based on its I-V characteristic, which is a high...

Currently, fuel cells are increasingly used in industrial installations, means of transport, and household applications as a source of electricity and heat. The paper presents the results of experimental tests of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell...

In an era of increasing energy production from renewable sources, the demand for components for renewable energy systems has dramatically increased. Consequently, managers and investors are interested in knowing whether a company associated with the...

The development of the renewable energy industry is a priority of economic policies in many countries, since it is viewed as one of the key growth sectors in the economy, playing also a very important role in mitigating climate change. At the interna...

This study proposes novel simulation methods to model the power delivery function of a parallel-connected solid-oxide-fuel-cell stack system. The proposed methods are then used to investigate the possible thermal runaway induced by the performance mi...

The eutrophication of surface waters is a natural process; however, anthropogenic activities significantly accelerate degradation processes. Most lakes in Poland and in the world belong to the poor and unsatisfactory water quality class. It is theref...

The migration of methane through the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) in the marine subsurface is characterized by highly dynamic reactive transport processes coupled to thermodynamic phase transitions between solid gas hydrates, free methane gas, a...

This study uses an optimization approach representation and numerical solution for the variable viscosity and non-linear Boussinesq effects on the free convection over a vertical truncated cone in porous media. The surface of the vertical truncated c...

With the rapid growth of renewable energy and the DC fast charge pile of the electric vehicle, their inherent volatility and randomness increase a power system’s unbalance of instantaneous power. The need for power grid frequency regulation is...

The growth and production of lipids in the green microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata immobilized in alginate gel are studied. The beads are made from alginate (2% w/v) and CaCl₂ (1% w/v). The dry weight, the concentration of cells, and the lipid conte...

Forward osmosis (FO) and pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) have gained attention recently as potential processes to solve water and energy scarcity problems with advantages over pressure-driven membrane processes. These processes can be designed to pro...

The wind energy pump system is a new green energy technology. The wide high efficiency region of pump is of great significance for energy conservation of wind power pumping system. In this study, factorial experiment design (FED) and computational fl...

The surface contamination of electrical insulators can increase the electrical conductivity of these components, which may lead to faults in the electrical power system. During inspections, ultrasound equipment is employed to detect defective insulat...

The main aim of this work is the computational implementation and numerical simulation of a metal porous plasticity model with an uncertain initial microdefects’ volume fraction using the Stochastic Finite Element Method (SFEM) based on the sem...

This paper presents a novel approach that aims to predict better reservoir quality regions from seismic inversion and spatial distribution of key reservoir properties from well logs. The reliable estimation of lithology and reservoir parameters at sp...

The United States needs to add at least 20 GW of peaking capacity to its grid over the next 10 years, led by large-scale projects in California, Texas and Arizona. Of that, about 60% must be installed between 2023 and 2027, meaning that the energy st...

Electric vehicle (EV) powertrains consist of power electronic components as well as electric machines to manage the energy flow between different powertrain subsystems and to deliver the necessary torque and power requirements at the wheels. These po...

Tidal stream energy is acquiring more attention as a future potential renewable energy source. Considering the harsh submarine environment, the main challenges that face the tidal stream turbine (TST) industry are cost and reliability. Hence, simple...

This study examines the performance of Japanese electric power companies from 2003 to 2020. We use an observed data set from 2003 to 2015 and a forecasted data set from 2016 to 2020. The Japanese deregulation of the industry needs to be completed by...

Currently, there are challenges with proper disposal of cassava processing wastewater, and a need for sustainable energy in the cassava industry. This study investigated the impact of co-digestion of cassava wastewater (CW) with livestock manure (pou...

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising technology for the production of bio-crude. However, some unresolved issues still exist within HTL, which need to be resolved before its promotion on a commercial scale. The management of the aqueous pha...

Integration of renewable energy and optimization of energy use are key enablers of sustainable energy transitions and mitigating climate change. Modern technologies such the Internet of Things (IoT) offer a wide number of applications in the energy s...

In this paper, a simplified efficient method for sensorless finite set current predictive control (FSCPC) for synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) based on extended Kalman filter (EKF) is proposed. The proposed FSCPC is based on reducing the computat...

The multi-terminal AC/DC system will become one of the important forms of the future power grid. The negative impedance characteristic caused by the constant power load in the DC network will reduce the power transfer capacity between the terminals,...

Modern multiphase electric machines take advantage of additional degrees of freedom for various purposes, including harmonic current injection to increase torque per ampere. This new approach introduces a non-sinusoidal air gap flux density distribut...

The conversion of methane was investigated in a packed-bed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor operated at ambient conditions. High dielectric BaTiO₃ was utilized as packing in comparison with γ-alumina, α-alumina, and silic...

The charging process of water droplets in different electrification systems using empirical and numerical analysis is described. A simplified model based on capacitance distribution is proposed. The results of the experimental studies and numerical c...

There is no consensus regarding the change of magnitude of urban overheating during HW periods, and possible interactions between the two phenomena are still an open question, despite the increasing frequency and impacts of Heatwaves (HW). The purpos...

With the recent rapid increase in the use of roof top photovoltaic solar systems worldwide, and also, more recently, the dramatic escalation in building grid connected solar farms, especially in Australia, the need for more accurate methods of very s...

In hot and sunny regions, extensive solar radiation transmitted into greenhouses makes it essential to select a greenhouse cover with specific characteristics. Reflection and diffusion are the most important properties of covers for reducing solar he...

This study analyzes and evaluates the feasibility of a harmonic suppression traction transformer (HSTT) for harmonic reduction in railway systems. This new type of transformer can improve the power quality of railway systems by preventing high-freque...

Series–parallel module technology can meet a DC converter’s requirements of high-power, large-capacity, and high step-up ratio in photovoltaic a DC boost collection system. However, the cascaded structure has the problem of voltage and cu...

This paper evaluates how policy shaped the emergence of electric mobility in three countries, Norway, the Netherlands and Denmark, between 2010 and 2015. Whereas previous studies have looked at the effects of separate policy instruments, this paper g...

This study is the first of a two-part paper. The overall study presents a new methodology to improve the accuracy of hybrid vehicles’ energy-consumption model over conventional transportation modeling methods. The first paper attempts to improv...

An integrated energy system (IES) involving a large number of decision-makers causes problems of bad coordination between energy sub-networks and the IES and it is not able to fully consider the multi-energy complementarity among multiple decision-ma...

In this paper, an improved method for estimating the state of charge (SOC) of lithium-ion batteries is proposed, which is developed from the particle filter (PF). An improved genetic particle filter (GPF), owing to the advantages of the PF and geneti...

Pellets from residues from rice harvest (i.e., straw and husk) were produced and their main properties were evaluated. Firstly, rice straw pellets were produced at lab scale at varying operational conditions (i.e., load compression and wt % of feedin...

Biomass energy is becoming increasingly important, owing to the decreasing supply of fossil fuels and growing environmental problems. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising technology for producing solid biofuels from agricultural and forest...

In this paper, we present a stylized dynamic interdependent multi-country energy transition model. The goal of this paper is to provide a starting point for examining the impact of uncertainty in such models. To do this, we define a simple model base...

Pipe design is one of the most significant research lines in the area of parabolic semi-cylindrical solar collectors. The main idea behind pipe design is to increase the capillarity angle by expanding the total area being heated, therefore boosting t...

A conjugated, ladder-type multi-fused ring 4,7-dithienbenzothiadiazole:thiophene derivative, named as compound ‘T’, was for the first time incorporated, within the PTB7:PC₇₁BM photoactive layer for inverted ternary organic solar cells (TO...

Islanded microgrids are small networks that work independently from the main grid. The frequency and voltage in islanded microgrids are affected directly by the output power of distributed generators and power demand variations. In this work, a real-...

The distribution side of the traditional power grid is changing as the users (known as prosumers) can inject power to the grid. However, uncontrollable injection of power can destabilize the grid. Thus, the stability of the grid must be maintained. S...

The objective of this paper is to investigate CO₂ emissions in the production of coal sources at the prefecture level and to analyze their spatial distribution and regional differences based on the spatial autocorrelation and standard deviational ell...

The housing sector, especially with respect to energy generation to provide heating and domestic hot water, has been identified, after transport, as contributing the most to air pollution and the occurrence of low emissions in Poland. In particular,...

We synthesized lead-free piezoelectric (Bi_0.5Na_0.5-xK_x)TiO₃ (BNKT) ceramics using a conventional solid-state reaction method. We have investigated the structural and electrical properties of the materials with x = 0.05 to 0.40. The X-ray diffraction...

Tidal current technologies have the potential to provide highly predictable energy, since tides are driven by lunar cycles. However, before implementing such technologies on a large scale, their environmental performance should be assessed. In this s...

An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve position control system requires fast response without overshoot, but the low control frequency limits control bandwidth and results in poor position response. A novel EGR valve position control scheme is prop...

To facilitate energy transition, regulators have devised ‘regulatory sandboxes’ to create a participatory experimentation environment for exploring revision of energy law in several countries. These sandboxes allow for a two-way regulator...

To improve the control ability of proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controllers and increase the stability of force actuator systems, this paper introduces a PID controller based on the self-growing lévy-flight salp swarm algo...