Wildfire spread models are an essential tool for mitigating catastrophic effects associated with wildfires. However, current operational models suffer from significant limitations regarding accuracy and transferability. Recent advances in the availab...
Wildfire is one of the most severe natural disasters globally, profoundly affecting natural ecology, economy, and health and safety. Precisely predicting the spread of wildfires has become an important research topic. Current fire spread prediction m...
Wildfires increasingly threaten human life, ecosystems, and infrastructure, with events like the 2025 Palisades and Eaton fires in Los Angeles County underscoring the urgent need for more advanced prediction frameworks. Existing physics-based and dee...
While geostationary satellites can provide continuous near-real-time observations, their low spatial resolution makes it difficult to detect small wildfires. Conversely, polar-orbiting satellites are capable of observing small wildfires at high spati...
Accurate wildfire spread modeling critically depends on the representation of wind dynamics, which vary with terrain, land cover characteristics, and height above ground. Many fire spread models are often coupled with coarse atmospheric grids that ca...
Wildfires significantly threaten ecosystems and human lives, necessitating effective prediction models for the management of this destructive phenomenon. This study integrates Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memor...
Wildfires spread rapidly and cause considerable ecological and socioeconomic losses. Inner Mongolia is among the regions in China that suffer the most from wildfires. A simple, effective model that uses fewer parameters to simulate wildfire spread is...
The stochastic nature of environmental factors that govern the behavior of fire, such as wind and fuel, exposes wildfire modeling to a degree of uncertainty. In order to produce more realistic wildfire predictions, it is, therefore, necessary to inco...
Two-dimensional cellular automata (CA) models are widely used for wildfire simulation due to their clean representation of environment and fire mechanics and their computational efficiency. In this review we describe the mechanisms through which fore...
The increasing frequency and intensity of wildfires highlight the need to develop more efficient tools for firefighting and management, particularly in the field of wildfire spread prediction. Classical wildfire spread models have relied on mathemati...
Wildfires have become increasingly frequent and intense due to climate change, posing severe threats to ecosystems, infrastructure, and human lives. As a result, accurate wildfire spread prediction is critical for effective risk mitigation, resource...
In this study, we investigate a novel application of the photogrammetric monoplotting technique for assessing wildfires. We demonstrate the use of the software program WSL Monoplotting Tool (MPT) to georeference operational oblique aerial wildfire ph...
Wildland fires have become a major research subject among the national and international research community. Different simulation models have been developed to prevent this phenomenon. Nevertheless, fire propagation models are, until now, challenging...
The wildfire prediction model is crucial for accurate rescue and rapid evacuation. Existing models mainly adopt regular grids or fire perimeters to describe the wildfire landscape. However, these models have difficulty in explicitly demonstrating the...
Global climate change is leading to increased wildfire activity in many parts of the world, and with increasing development, a heightened threat to communities in the wildland urban interface. Evaluating the potential for fire to affect communities a...
Recently, numerous countries have experienced devastating wildfires, leading to significant destruction and loss of life. These catastrophic events highlight the shortcomings in current building regulations and testing methods. There is a pressing ne...
This paper presents the results obtained from a field fire test, aiming to reproduce a wildland–urban interface scenario to collect relevant information concerning the impact of wildfires on the built environment. The objective was to understan...
One approach to increase community resilience to wildfire impacts is the enhancement of residential construction standards in an effort to provide protective shelters for families within their own homes. Current wildfire models reviewed in this study...
Wildfire suppression is often represented in fire spread simulators as static barriers that completely stop fire propagation and are placed at the start of the simulation. Recent works have begun to simulate barriers introduced at different time fram...
Fire spotting (FS), the process by which firebrands are lofted, transported, and ignite new fires ahead of the main flame front, plays a critical role in escalating extreme wildfire events. This systematic literature review (SLR) analyzes peer-review...
16 August 2022
Wildfire spread is of concern whenever the physical dimension of the involved area makes a scale jump due to several conditions, such as the interplay of nature and shape of the combustible terrain involved, the atmospheric conditions and the turbule...
Conventional wildfire assessment products emphasize regional-scale ignition likelihood and potential spread derived from fuels and weather. While useful for broad planning, they do not directly support boundary-aware, scenario-specific decision-makin...
Disaster management systems require accurate disaster monitoring and prediction services to reduce damages caused by natural disasters. Digital twins of natural environments can provide the services for the systems with physics-based and data-driven...
A historical review is conducted of PhyFire, a simplified physical forest fire spread model developed by the research group on Numerical Simulation and Scientific Computation (SINUMCC) at the University of Salamanca. The review ranges from the first...
The scope of wildfires over the previous decade has brought these natural hazards to the forefront of risk management. Wildfires threaten human health, safety, and property, and there is a need for comprehensive and readily usable wildfire simulation...
Our ability to predict wildland surface fire behaviour is of great significance for planning and optimising risk-mitigation and fire-suppression strategies [...]
Wildfires occur frequently in various regions of the world, causing serious damage to natural and human resources. Traditional wildfire prevention and management methods are often hampered by monitoring challenges and low efficiency. Digital twin tec...
Extreme spread events (ESEs), often characterized by high intensity and rapid rates of spread, can overwhelm fire suppression and emergency response capacity, threaten responder and public safety, damage landscapes and communities, and result in high...
Wildfire is a sudden and highly destructive natural disaster that poses significant challenges in terms of response and rescue efforts. Influenced by factors such as climate, combustible materials, and ignition sources, wildfires have been increasing...
Extreme, downslope mountain winds often generate dangerous wildfire conditions. We used the wildfire spread model Fire Area Simulator (FARSITE) to simulate two wildfires influenced by strong wind events in Santa Barbara, CA. High spatial-resolution i...
Each year, wildfires ravage the western U.S. and change the lives of millions of inhabitants. Situated in southern California, coastal Santa Barbara has witnessed devastating wildfires in the past decade, with nearly all ignitions started by humans....
In Mediterranean agropastoral areas, land abandonment is a key driver of wildfire risk as fuel load and continuity increase. To gain insights into the potential impacts of land abandonment on wildfire risk in fire-prone areas, a fire-spread modeling...
We bring a practical and comprehensive GIS-based framework to utilize freely available remotely sensed datasets to assess wildfire ignition probability and spreading capacities of vegetated landscapes. The study area consists of the country-level sca...
Aerial retardant drops are widely used in wildfire suppression, yet their effectiveness in slowing fire spread remains difficult to quantify at scale. This study evaluates their impact on wildfire rate of spread (ROS) using a framework that combines...
Current methods of predicting fire spread in Canadian forests are suited to large wildfires that spread through natural forests. Recently, the use of mechanical and thinning treatments of forests in the wildland-urban interface of Canada has increase...
Because wildfire spread is strongly influenced by instantaneous gusts, models that use only mean wind speed typically underestimate spread. In contrast, incorporating suppression effects often leads to overestimation. To reduce these errors, this pap...
As fire frequency and severity grow throughout the world, scientists working across a range of disciplines will increasingly need to incorporate wildfire models into their research. However, fire simulators tend to be highly complex, time-consuming t...
The current work presents the operational implementation and evaluation of a rapid response fire spread forecasting system, named IRIS, that was developed to provide support to the tactical wildfire suppression activities of the Hellenic Fire Corps....
Wildfires are complex natural events that cause significant environmental and property damage, as well as human losses, every year throughout the world. In order to aid in their management and mitigate their impact, efforts have been directed towards...
Wildfire propagation is a non-linear and multiscale system in which multiple physical and chemical processes are involved. One critical mechanism in the spread of wildfires is so-called fire-spotting: a random phenomenon that occurs when embers are t...
Drones have been increasingly used in firefighting to improve the response speed and reduce the dangers to human firefighters. However, few studies simultaneously consider fire spread prediction, drone scheduling, and the configuration of supporting...
Live fuel moisture content (LFMC) significantly influences fire activity and behavior over different spatial and temporal scales. The ability to estimate LFMC is important to improve our capability to predict when and where large wildfires may occur....
In 2020, wildfires scarred over 4,000,000 hectares in the western United States, devastating urban populations and ecosystems alike. The significant impact that wildfires have on plants, animals, and human environments makes wildfire adaptation, mana...
Wildland fires are one of the most dangerous natural risks, causing significant economic damage and loss of lives worldwide. Every year, millions of hectares are lost, and experts warn that the frequency and severity of wildfires will increase in the...
Wildfires impact the outcomes of forest management plans. Addressing that impact is thus critical for effective forest ecosystem management planning. This paper presents research on the use of multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) methods that int...
Wildfire spread prediction models, including even the most sophisticated coupled atmosphere–wildfire models, diverge from observed wildfire progression during multi-day simulations, motivating the need for measurement-based assessments of wildf...
15 August 2022
This presentation will provide an overview of some of the recent improvements of the Sardinian Web-based Wildfire Simulator (WWS), a wildfire simulator developed to provide real-time support for wildfire management. We added a midflame wind velocity...
This study focuses on constructions that are vulnerable to fire hazards during wildfire events, and these constructions are known as ‘exposures’, which are an increasingly significant area of disaster research. A key challenge lies in est...
15 August 2022
Wildfire simulators represent a fundamental tool for the planning of wildfire prevention operations, the real-time prediction of fire propagation and thus the adoption of appropriate firefighting strategies. In this paper, we provide an example of th...
10 August 2022
In this work, we will present the transboundary wildfire simulation system used to analyze fine-scale (100-m resolution) wildfire hazard and exposure in the regions of the Italy–France Maritime cooperation area (Sardinia, Corsica, Tuscany, Ligu...
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