The reality of the ray tracing technology that leads to its rendering effect is becoming increasingly apparent in computer vision and industrial applications. However, designing efficient ray tracing hardware is challenging due to memory access issue...
This paper presents a parallel ray tracing (RT) algorithm based on a graphic processing unit (GPU) applied to electromagnetic scattering calculations in an inhomogeneous plasma to enhance the computational efficiency of the algorithm. The proposed al...
During ion thruster operation, electromagnetic waves propagating through the plasma plume undergo absorption and refraction effects. This paper presents a graphics processing unit (GPU) parallel ray tracing (RT) algorithm for inhomogeneous media to a...
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have found expanding utilization in smart agriculture. Path loss (PL) is of significant importance in the link budget of UAV-aided air-to-ground (A2G) communications. This paper proposes a machine-learning-based PL mod...
Symmetry-based channel digital twin is a great technology which can reproduce the communication channel of real scenes for performance evaluation of the wireless sensor network (WSN) inside tower buildings, based on the ray tracing (RT) method and ma...
It is well known that the optical properties of multi-particle phosphor are crucial to the light performance of white light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Note that the optical properties including scattering or absorption properties for a single particle a...
With the growing demand for wireless communication, the sixth-generation (6G) wireless network will be more complex. The digital twin channel (DTC) is envisioned as a promising enabler for 6G, as it can create an online replica of the physical channe...
Our study proposes a UAV communications recovery strategy under meteorological conditions based on a ray tracing simulation of excessive path loss in four distinct three-dimensional (3D) urban environments. We start by reviewing the air-to-ground pro...
This article introduces an efficient analysis of indoor 4.5 GHz radio wave propagation by using a proposed three-dimensional (3-D) ray-tracing (RT) modeling and measurement. The attractive facilities of this frequency band have significantly increase...
The Millimeter-Wave (mmW) technology is going to mitigate the global higher bandwidth carriers. It will dominate the future network system by the attractive advantages of the higher frequency band. Higher frequency offers a wider bandwidth spectrum....
A hybrid technique is proposed to enhance the localization performance of a time difference of arrival (TDOA) deployed in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) suburban scenario. The idea was to use Machine Learning framework on the dataset, produced by the ray t...
The evaluation of the focal field of Cassegrain antennas is crucial for the design and optimization of the complex feeds in quasi-optical systems. However, employing traditional physical optics methods generates high computational complexity and is i...
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become crucial components of building air–ground integrated networks for sixth-generation mobile communications. UAV-related technology has advanced quickly in both military and civilian contexts. Problems w...
Localization accuracy in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios is often hindered by the complex nature of multipath propagation. Traditional approaches typically focus on NLOS node identification and error mitigation techniques. However, the intricacies...
The implant surface features affect the osseointegration process. Different surface treatment methods have been applied to improve the surface topography and properties. Trace of different elements may appear on the implant surface, which can modify...
Millimeter-wave channel modeling is the basis of fifth-generation (5G) communication network design and applications. In urban microcellular environments, the roughness of wall surfaces can be comparable to the wavelengths of millimeter waves, result...
Ray tracing (RT) has become an important method for train-to-ground (T2G) wireless channel modeling due to its physical interpretability. In rail transit scenarios, RT suffers from modeling errors that arise due to environmental reconstruction and un...
An important and typical scenario of radio propagation in a railway or subway tunnel environment is the cascaded straight and curved tunnel. In this paper, we propose a joint path loss model for cascaded tunnels at 3.5 GHz and 5.6 GHz frequency bands...
Tera Hertz radiation is currently the most researched and useful area in almost all fields of science and industry. The additional challenge is expressed in the form of radiation, pulses of femto-seconds in length are supposed to pass through a trans...
This study is devoted to radio wave propagation modeling in the urban environment. Special attention has been paid to the features of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. For the first time, the three...
The communication system of urban rail transit is gradually changing from train-to-ground (T2G) to train-to-train (T2T) communication. The subway can travel at speeds of up to 200 km/h in the tunnel environment, and communication between trains can b...
Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) enables optimal tumor targeting and sparing of organs-at-risk, which ultimately results in improved outcomes for patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revolutionized diagnostic imaging with its superior soft tiss...
In this paper, research results on the applicability of ray-tracing (RT) techniques to model massive MIMO (MaMi) channels are presented and discussed. The main goal is to show the possibilities that site-specific models based on rigorous RT technique...
Distributed massive multiple-input multiple-output (D-mMIMO) is one of the key candidate technologies for future wireless networks. A D-mMIMO system has multiple, geographically distributed, access points (APs) jointly serving its users. First of all...
Scenario identification plays an important role in assisting unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) cognitive communications. Based on the scenario-dependent channel characteristics, a support vector machine (SVM)-based air-to-ground (A2G) scenario identifica...
At present, the interaction mechanism between the complex indoor environment and pseudolite signals has not been fundamentally resolved, and the stability, continuity, and accuracy of indoor positioning are still technical bottlenecks. In view of the...
Terahertz (THz) communication is a key candidate for the upcoming age of beyond-fifth-generation mobile networks (B5G) or sixth-generation mobile networks (6G) in the next decade and can achieve ultra-high data rates of dozens of gigabits or even ter...
The application of Empirical Line Method (ELM) for hyperspectral Atmospheric Compensation (AC) premises the underlying linear relationship between a material’s reflectance and appearance. ELM solves the Radiative Transfer (RT) equation under sp...
In the present paper, the microstructures of three kinds of in-situ reinforcements Al-Ti-C, Al-Ti-B, and Al-Ti-B-C-Ce were deeply investigated using a combination of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and transmission elect...
Air-to-air (A2A) communication plays a vital role in low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks and demands accurate channel modeling to support system analysis and design. A key challenge in A2A channel modeling lies in extracting reliable...
Transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layers, to be implemented in photo-anodes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs), were prepared by co-deposition of ZnO and Al using pulsed-direct current (DC)-magnetron reactive sputtering processes. The films were...
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of airborne-particle abrasion with alumina particles of various sizes (50 μm, 110 μm, 250 μm) on the surface properties of 3Y-TZP (3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals...
An enhancement in fatigue life for ferrite–pearlite low-carbon steel (LCS) at high temperature (HT) has been discovered, where it increased from 190,873 cycles at room temperature (RT) to 10,000,000 cycles at 400 °C under the same stress co...
Regarding the new demands and challenges of sixth-generation (6G) mobile communications, wireless networks are undergoing a significant shift from traditional terrestrial networks to space-air-ground-sea-integrated networks. Unmanned aerial vehicle (...
The giant phiKZ phage infection induces the appearance of a pseudo-nucleus inside the bacterial cytoplasm. Here, we used RT-PCR, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), electron tomography, and analytical electron microscopy to study the morphology...
In complex underground parking scenarios, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) obstructions significantly impede positioning signals, presenting substantial challenges for accurate vehicle localization. While traditional positioning approaches primarily focus on...
As an important part of 6th generation (6G) communication, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication has attracted more and more attention. The UAV ISAC channel model considering the space-time evolut...
The year 2020 will likely be remembered as the year dominated by COVID-19, or coronavirus disease. The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for this pandemic, can be traced back to late 2019 in China....
With the popularization of Internet-of-things (IoT) and wireless communication systems, a diverse set of applications in smart cities are emerging to improve the city-life. These applications usually require a large coverage area and minimal operatio...