Although ionizing radiation (radiation) is commonly used for medical diagnosis and cancer treatment, radiation-induced damages cannot be avoided. Such damages can be classified into direct and indirect damages, caused by the direct absorption of radi...
Historically, patients with localized soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of the extremities would undergo limb amputation. It was subsequently determined that the addition of radiation therapy (RT) delivered prior to (neoadjuvant) or after (adjuvant) a limb-...
E0703, a new steroidal compound optimized from estradiol, significantly increased cell proliferation and the survival rate of KM mice and beagles after ionizing radiation. In this study, we characterize its preclinical pharmacokinetics (PK) and predi...
Radiation dermatitis (RD) is a common side effect in patients receiving radiotherapy. Currently, clinical skincare approaches for acute RD vary widely among institutions and lack consensus. Hydrogen molecules, acting as radioprotective agents by sele...
Radiotherapy is a common method to treat cancers, with the goal of maximizing the dose to tumors while minimizing the dose to normal tissues. Radioprotectors can reduce the toxicity to normal tissues during radiotherapy. Several plant-derived compoun...
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) have a unique surface redox chemistry that appears to selectively protect normal tissues from radiation induced damage. Our prior research exploring the biocompatibility of polymer-coated CONPs found further study o...
Radiotherapy is an important cancer treatment. However, in addition to killing tumor cells, radiotherapy causes damage to the surrounding cells and is toxic to normal tissues. Therefore, an effective radioprotective agent that prevents the deleteriou...
The increasing risk of radiation exposure underlines the need for novel radioprotective agents. Hence, a series of novel 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine derivatives were designed and synthesized. Some of the compounds protected human cells against radia...
Radiation therapy (RT) evolved to be a primary treatment modality for cancer patients. Unfortunately, the cure or relief of symptoms is still accompanied by radiation-induced side effects with severe acute and late pathophysiological consequences. In...
Radiotherapy is a commonly employed treatment for colorectal cancer, yet its radiotoxicity-related impact on healthy tissues raises significant health concerns. This highlights the need to use radioprotective agents to mitigate these side effects. Th...
Ionising radiation is an important form of treatment for human cancer; however, the side effects associated with oxidative damage caused by radiation compromise its effectiveness. This work aimed to quantify the major bioactive components of freeze-d...
Radiation therapy plays a critical role in the management of a wide range of hematologic malignancies. It is well known that the post-irradiation damages both in the bone marrow and in other organs are the main causes of post-irradiation morbidity an...
Radiation therapy is a highly utilized therapy in the treatment of malignancies with up to 60% of cancer patients receiving radiation therapy as a part of their treatment regimen. Radiation therapy does, however, cause a wide range of adverse effects...
Ionising radiation causes the death of the most actively dividing cells, thus leading to depletion of the stem cell pool. Planarians are invertebrate flatworms that are unique in that their stem cells, called neoblasts, constantly replace old, damage...
The goal of combined pharmacological approaches in the treatment of the acute radiation syndrome (ARS) is to obtain an effective therapy producing a minimum of undesirable side effects. This review summarizes important data from studies evaluating th...
Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) is a member of an evolutionary ancient family of peroxidase enzymes with diverse functions in the cell. Prdx6 is an important enzymatic antioxidant. It reduces a wide range of peroxide substrates in the cell, thus playing a le...
Mitochondria are responsible for controlling cell death during the early stages of radiation exposure, but their perturbations are associated with late effects of radiation-related carcinogenesis. Therefore, it is important to protect mitochondria to...
The radioprotective effects of a new 1-isobutanoil-2-isopropylisothiourea derivative named T1082 are presented. Research methods included toxic characteristics, radioprotective activity (Till–McCulloch’s test and 30-day survival test) in...
Radiation is widely used in cancer therapy but also damages healthy tissues through oxidative stress or inflammation. In addition to cancer patients, many professionals are occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation (IR). Natural compounds, particu...
Ionizing radiation (IR) triggers an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupting the normal function of both immune and metabolic systems, leading to inflammation and metabolic disturbances. To address the pressing requirement for prot...
Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) is a multifunctional eukaryotic antioxidant enzyme. Mammalian Prdx6 possesses peroxidase activity against a wide range of organic and inorganic hydroperoxides, as well as exhibits phospholipase A2 (aiPLA2) activity, which play...
The aim of this study was to investigate radioprotective effect of the polysaccharides from soybean meal (SMP) against X-ray radiation-induced damage in mouse spleen lymphocytes. MTT and comet assay were performed to evaluate SMP’s ability to prevent...
9 November 2024
Ionizing radiation has been a critical tool in various fields, such as medicine, agriculture, and energy production, since its discovery in 1895. While its applications—particularly in cancer treatment and diagnostics—offer significant be...
Background and objectives: Ionizing radiation (IR) has been of immense benefit to man, especially for medical purposes (diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy). However, the risks of toxicity in healthy normal cells, leading to cellular damage as well a...
The purpose of this study was two-fold: (1) to formulate γ-tocotrienol (GT3) in a nanoemulsion formulation as a prophylactic orally administered radioprotective agent; and (2) to optimize the storage conditions to preserve the structural integrity of...
Radioprotective agents derived from natural food sources represent promising candidates for reducing the harmful effects of ionizing radiation and supporting healthy aging. In this study, we investigated the effects of selected micronized bioactive c...
COX-2 can be considered as a clinically relevant molecular target for adjuvant, in particular radiosensitizing treatments. In this regard, using selective COX-2 inhibitors, e.g., in combination with radiotherapy or endoradiotherapy, represents an int...
Radiation exposure can immediately trigger a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can induce severe cell death and long-term tissue damage. Therefore, instantaneous release of sufficient radioprotective drugs is vital to neutralize those acc...
Ionizing radiation (IR) has found widespread application in modern medicine, including medical imaging and radiotherapy. As a result, both patients and healthcare professionals are exposed to various IR doses. To minimize the negative side effects of...
The trace element zinc influences a number of biological reactions, including cell growth, apoptosis, and DNA damage, which affect tumor therapy. The natural compound betulinic acid (BA) and its derivatives are known for their antiviral, antibacteria...
The present study was designed to determine the radioprotective effects of Malaysian Gelam honey on gene expression and enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) of human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs)...
The appropriate dosage of edaravone—a radioprotective agent—and its effect on tumors are unknown. This study evaluated the effects of edaravone on intestinal injuries and tumors in mice induced by whole body X-ray irradiation. Small intes...
Ionizing radiation at early stages leads to radiation-induced death of Langerhans islet cells and acinar cells, resulting in the development of acute/subacute pancreatitis. Conducting studies on radiation-induced changes in the pancreas following ele...
The development of radiation countermeasures for acute radiation syndrome (ARS) has been underway for the past six decades, leading to the identification of multiple classes of radiation countermeasures. However, to date, only two growth factors (Neu...
Radiation-induced cardiopulmonary injuries are the most common and intractable side effects that are entwined with radiotherapy for thorax cancers. However, the therapeutic options for such complications have yielded disappointing results in clinical...
A high-purity alkaloid-enriched extract (NPAE) was developed from Nelumbinis Plumula. Beyond quantifying its representative alkaloids and total alkaloid content, this study revealed the novel radioprotective role of NPAE against radiation-induced oxi...
Cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with millions of deaths attributed to it annually. Radiotherapy, a cornerstone in cancer treatment, aims to destroy cancer cells while minimizing harm to healthy tissues. However, the harmful effe...
Under physiological and stress conditions, mitochondria act as a signaling platform to initiate biological events, establishing communication from the mitochondria to the rest of the cell. Mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP), reactive oxygen s...
Curcumin, a natural polyphenol derived from the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa), contains antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. However, curcumin bioavailability is inherently low due to poor water solubility and rapid metabolism...
Over the last years, repurposed agents have provided growing evidence of fast implementation in oncology treatment such as certain antimalarial, anthelmintic, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic, antidiabetic agents....
Proton therapy allows the treatment of specific areas and avoids the surrounding tissues. However, this technique has uncertainties in terms of the distal dose fall-off. A promising approach to studying the proton range is the use of nanoparticles as...
A major issue of X-ray radiation therapy is that normal cells can be damaged, limiting the amount of X-rays that can be safely delivered to a tumor. This paper describes a new method based on graphene oxide (GO) to protect normal cells from oxidative...
Infectious and inflammatory pulmonary diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although infrequently used in this setting, molecular imaging may significantly contribute to their diagnosis using techniques like single photon...
Background. Acute radiation injury to the small-intestinal mucosa and the hematopoietic system is a key determinant of early mortality after high-dose total-body irradiation. ε-Aminocaproic acid (EACA), a lysine analogue with antifibrinolytic...
Currently, radiotherapy is one of the most effective strategies to treat cancer. However, deleterious toxicity against normal cells indicate for the need to selectively protect them. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species reinforce ionizing radiation c...
The evolution of different antimicrobial drugs in terrestrial, microgravity and hypergravity conditions is presented within this review, in connection with their implementation during human space exploration. Drug stability is of utmost importance fo...
With the help of laser ablation, a technology for obtaining nanosized crystalline selenium particles (SeNPs) has been created. The SeNPs do not exhibit significant toxic properties, in contrast to molecular selenium compounds. The administration of S...
Exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) is inevitable in various X-ray imaging examinations, with computed tomography (CT) being a major contributor to increased human radiation exposure. Ionizing radiation may cause structural damage to macromolecules,...
To explain a paradoxical radiosensitizing effect of rosmarinic acid (RA) on the melanoma B16F10 cells, we analyzed the glutathione (GSH) intracellular production on this cell (traditionally considered radioresistant) in comparison with human prostate...
Infertility is a potential side effect of radiotherapy and significantly affects the quality of life for adolescent cancer survivors. Very few studies have addressed in pubertal models the mechanistic events that could be targeted to provide protecti...
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