An ultrasonic, resonant, pulse-echo, and air-coupled nondestructive testing (NDT) technique is presented. It is intended for components, with regular geometries where it is possible to excite resonant modes, made of materials that have a high acousti...
This experimental study demonstrates for the first time a solid-state circuitry and design for a simple compact copper coil (without an additional bulky permanent magnet or bulky electromagnet) as a contactless electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EM...
The impact of high-voltage–high-frequency (HVHF) amplifiers on echo-signal quality is greater with very-high-frequency (VHF, ≥100 MHz) ultrasound transducers than with low-frequency (LF, ≤15 MHz) ultrasound transducers. Hence, the bias voltage of an...
This paper presents a study to accurately evaluate defects in concrete decks using ultrasonic pulse-echo signals. A reinforced concrete deck with void defects was designed and evaluated for validation, and a commercial ultrasonic pulse-echo (UPE) dev...
Ferroelectrets are thin and porous polymeric films with a cellular microstructure, high porosity, permanent polarization and piezoelectric response. They have been used for different applications, where one of the most interesting ones is for the fab...
Tube/Pipe (TP) 304 stainless steel has been widely used in industry, but a change in its microstructures may endanger its service safety, and it is essential to evaluate its microstructural evolution. In this work, a pulse-echo nonlinear method is pr...
This research proposes a 3D internal visualization using ultrasonic pulse-echo tomography technique to evaluate accurately the state of concrete structures for their efficient maintenance within a limited budget. Synthetic aperture focusing technique...
In detecting hypersonic vehicles, the radar echo signal is coupled with an intra-pulse Doppler frequency (I-D frequency) component caused by relative motion of a plasma sheath (PSh) and the vehicle, which can induce the phenomenon of a ghost target i...
Low frequency ultrasounds in air are widely used for real-time applications in short-range communication systems and environmental monitoring, in both structured and unstructured environments. One of the parameters widely evaluated in pulse-echo ultr...
Ultrasonic is one of the well-known methods for surface roughness measurement, but small roughness will only lead to a subtle variation of transmission or reflection. To explore sensitive techniques for surfaces with small roughness, nonlinear ultras...
In nonlinear acoustic measurements involving reflection from the stress-free boundary, the pulse-echo method could not be used because such a boundary is known to destructively change the second harmonic generation (SHG) process. The use of a focusin...
Generic and consistent formulations for measurement of the backscattering cross section
Voids or cracks in basin insulators inside a GIS (gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear) could trigger partial discharges or surface flashover under electrical stresses, threatening safe GIS operation. For this paper, some epoxy composite specimens...
Orientation information of space debris is required to improve the orbital prediction accuracy for mitigation or elimination of a significant threat to not only human space activities but also operational satellites. Obtaining orientation information...
Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) is a widely used technique for diagnosis and structural safety assessment of existing buildings. The main difficulties in UPV tests on-site are due to one-sided accessibility of materials and degraded/irregular surface...
This study investigates a non-destructive, compact pulse-echo ultrasonic method that combines an external transmitter with a single receiving sensor to identify different surface treatments applied to cementitious materials. The primary objective was...
Nonlinear ultrasound has been proven to be a useful nondestructive testing tool for micro-damage inspection of materials and structures operating in harsh environment. When measuring the nonlinear second harmonic wave in a solid specimen in the pulse...
Computed ultrasound tomography in echo mode (CUTE) allows real-time imaging of the tissue speed of sound (SoS) using handheld ultrasound. The SoS is retrieved by inverting a forward model that relates the spatial distribution of the tissue SoS to ech...
This study establishes a mathematical model for analyzing pulsed laser target echo signals in non-uniform smoke environments, thereby enabling evaluations of the target echo characteristics of laser detection systems under various smoke conditions. A...
Pulse-echo sensing is the driving principle behind biological echolocation as well as biologically-inspired sonar and radar sensors. In biological echolocation, a single emitter sends a self-generated pulse into the environment which reflects off obj...
This study aims to fill the existing gap in laser detection research, particularly regarding how the waveform of outgoing laser pulses affects detection performance. Based on the mechanism of light cone beam expansion, this study emits three differen...
Taking into account X-ray diffraction, one of the well-known methods for calculating the stress-strain of crystals is Williamson-Hall (W–H). The W-H method has three models, namely (1) Uniform deformation model (UDM); (2) Uniform stress deformation m...
Bubbly flows are commonly used in various applications and their measurement is an important research topic. The ultrasound pulse-echo technique allows for the detection of each bubble and the measurement of the position of its surface. However, so f...
Acoustic aberration, caused by the uneven distribution of tissue speed-of-sound (SoS), significantly reduces the quality of ultrasound imaging. An important approach to mitigate this issue is imaging correction based on local SoS estimation. Computed...
Ultrasound is an excellent way to acquire data that reveal useful information about systems operating in harsh environments, which may include elevated temperature, ionizing radiation, and aggressive chemicals. The effects of harsh environments on pi...
A power MOSFET linearizer is proposed for a high-voltage power amplifier (HVPA) used in high-frequency pulse-echo instrumentation. The power MOSFET linearizer is composed of a DC bias-controlled series power MOSFET shunt with parallel inductors and c...
This paper proposes a pulse-echo Ultrasonic Testing (UT) methodology to quantify the damage of hysteretic dampers subjected to cyclic loadings. Energy dissipation is known as an innovative strategy for the protection of buildings against earthquakes....
The field of ultrafast science has experienced significant growth over the last decade, largely attributed to advancements in optical and laser technologies such as chirped-pulse amplification and high-harmonic generation. The distinctive characteris...
Significant challenges exist in inspecting thick composite laminates for manufacturing defects and operational damage. This is due to acoustic attenuation and impedance mismatch at the interface between the different composite layers. An innovative c...
Pulse-echo laser ultrasonic propagation imaging is a nondestructive testing technique developed for composite materials and aluminum alloys used in aerospace. Although this method has been in usage for a considerable time, information of the detectab...
In nonlinear ultrasound testing, the relative nonlinear parameter is conveniently measured as a sensitive means of detecting and imaging overall variation of microstructures and damages. Compared to the quadratic nonlinear parameter (
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) provides high-resolution images of the Earth’s surface irrespective of sunlight and weather conditions. In conventional spaceborne SAR, nadir echoes caused by the pulsed operation of SAR may significantly affect the SAR...
The rapid advancement of mobile laser scanner technology used for terrain mapping, among other things, imposes increasing requirements for scanning frequency and distance measurement accuracy. To meet these requirements, rangefinder modules are expec...
In this paper, we proposed cancer cell acoustic stimulation by shunt-diode pre-linearizer scheme using a very high frequency (≥100 MHz) piezoelectric transducer. To verify the concept of our proposed scheme, we performed pulse-echo detection, and...
Coating degradation monitoring is increasingly important in offshore industries, where protective layers ensure corrosion prevention and structural integrity. In this context, coating thickness estimation provides critical information. The ultrasound...
Echo separation has long been a challenging and prominent research focus for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Synthetic Aperture Radar (MIMO SAR) systems. Digital beamforming (DBF) plays a critical role in achieving effective echo separation, but it of...
The use of pulse-compression in ultrasonic non-destructive testing has assured, in various applications, a significant improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio. In this work, the technique is combined with linear phased array to improve the sensitivi...
Carbon fiber composites are a popular design material due to their high specific strength. The directional strength of woven composites can be customized by changing the orientation and sequencing of individual lamina within the ply stack. This allow...
Ship structures made of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite laminates are considerably thicker than aircraft and automobile structures and more likely to contain voids. The production characteristics of such composite laminates were inves...
This research presents a new technique using pulse echo ultrasound for sizing foreign objects within carbon fiber laminates. Carbon fiber laminates are becoming increasingly popular in a wide variety of industries for their desirable properties. It i...
Ultrasound is commonly used as an imaging tool in the medical sector. Compared to standard ultrasound imaging, quantitative ultrasound analysis can provide more details about a material microstructure. In this study, quantitative ultrasound analysis...
In this study, the feasibility of using a one dimensional 16-element flexible ultrasonic transducer (FUT) array for nondestructive testing at 150 °C is demonstrated. The FUT arrays were made by a sol-gel sprayed piezoelectric film technology; a PZT...
Calcium titanate-CaTiO3 (perovskite) has been used in various industrial applications due to its dopant/doping mechanisms. Manipulation of defective grain boundaries in the structure of perovskite is essential to maximize mechanical properties and st...
Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducers (PMUT) incorporating lead zirconate titanate PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PZT) thin films were investigated for miniaturized high-frequency ultrasound systems. A recently developed process to remove a PMUT from...
A thin layer of protective coating material is applied on the surface of offshore concrete structures to prevent its degradation, thereby extending the useful life of the structures. The main reasons for the reduction in the protective capability of...
In airborne LiDAR measurements of shallow water bathymetry, conventional data processing often overlooks the radiative losses associated with multiple scattering events, affecting detection accuracy. This study presents a Monte Carlo-based approach t...
Ultrasonic non-destructive analysis is a promising and effective method for the inspection of protective coating materials. Offshore coating exhibits a high attenuation rate of ultrasonic energy due to the absorption and ultrasonic pulse echo testing...
The coating is applied to prevent corrosion on the surface of ships or marine structures, and the thickness of the coating affects its anti-corrosion effect. As a result, non-destructive testing (NDT) is required to measure coating thickness, and ult...
Additively manufactured (AM) materials and hot rolled materials are typically orthotropic, and exhibit anisotropic elastic properties. This paper elucidates the anisotropic elastic properties (Young’s modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson’s...
This paper aims to set up a finite element model using piezoelectric elements to realize pipeline structure damage identification analysis. Ultrasonic guided wave propagation characteristics and damage identification of pipeline structures are analyz...
of 11