597 Results Found

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract and a key example for targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which have significantly improved survival rates. However, n...

Reliable preclinical models are needed for screening new cancer drugs. Thus, we developed an improved 3D tumor organoid model termed “organoid raft cultures” (ORCs). Development of ORCs involved culturing tumors ex vivo on collagen beds (...

Although advances have been made in cancer therapy, cancer remains the second leading cause of death in the U.S. and Europe, and thus efforts to continue to study and discover better treatment methods are ongoing. Three-dimensional (3D) tumor models...

Advancements in cell culturing techniques have allowed the development of three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models sourced directly from patients’ tissues and tumors, faithfully replicating the native tissue environment. These models provide...

Background/Objectives: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are an important component of the tumor microenvironment, have been reported to have an adverse effect on conventional radiotherapy. This study aims to elucidate the effects of CAFs i...

Glioblastoma is one of the most common and lethal types of primary brain tumor. Despite aggressive treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, tumor recurrence within 6–9 months is common. To overcome this, more effective therapies targeting cancer...

3D organoid model technologies have led to the development of innovative tools for cancer precision medicine. Yet, the gold standard culture system (Matrigel®) lacks the ability for extensive biophysical manipulation needed to model various cance...

In the last decades three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cancer models have been proposed as a bridge between bidimensional (2D) cell cultures and in vivo animal models, the gold standards in the preclinical assessment of anticancer drug efficacy. 3D in v...

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Significant advances in the molecular mechanisms underlying colorectal cancer have been made; however, the clinical approval of new drugs faces many challenges. Drug discovery i...

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is anticipated to be second only to lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States by 2030. Surgery remains the only potentially curative treatment for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcin...

Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) structures that mimic the architecture and functionality of human organs, providing a novel approach to study diseases such as colorectal cancer (CRC). This review aims to explore the impact of organoids on unders...

Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases in women worldwide. Despite the global introduction of a preventive vaccine against the leading cause of cervical cancer, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, the incidence of this maligna...

Background/Objectives: Cancer organoids have emerged as a valuable tool of three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures to investigate tumor heterogeneity and predict tumor behavior and treatment response. We developed a 3D organotypic culture model of oral...

Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells are a unique subset of T cells that bridge innate and adaptive immunity, displaying potent anti-tumor properties through cytokine secretion, direct cytotoxicity, and recruitment of immune effector cells such as...

There is an unmet biomedical need for ex vivo tumour models that would predict drug responses and in turn help determine treatment regimens and potentially predict resistance before clinical studies. Research has shown that three dimensional models o...

Cancer is a heterogeneous disease. Each individual tumor is unique and characterized by structural, cellular, genetic and molecular features. Therefore, patient-derived cancer models are indispensable tools in cancer research and have been actively i...

A method for generating fluoroscopic (time-varying) volumetric images using patient-specific motion models derived from four-dimensional cone-beam CT (4D-CBCT) images was developed. 4D-CBCT images acquired immediately prior to treatment have the pote...

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite modern, multimodal therapeutic options of surgery, chemotherapy, tumor-treating fields (TTF), and radiotherapy, the 5-year survival is below 10%. In ord...

Curcumin (Cur) is a heavily used complementary derived drug from cancer patients. Spheroid samples derived from 82 patients were prepared and treated after 48 h with two Cur formulations (CurA, CurB) in mono- and combination therapy. After 72 h, cell...

Despite the wide variety of existing therapies, multiple myeloma (MM) remains a disease with dismal prognosis. Choosing the right treatment for each patient remains one of the major challenges. A new approach being explored is the use of ex vivo mode...

The liver is the most common site for colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis and there is an urgent need for new tissue culture models to study colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) as current models do not mimic the biological, biochemical, and stru...

Bone is a frequent site of tumor metastasis. The bone–tumor microenvironment is heterogeneous and complex in nature. Such complexity is compounded by relations between metastatic and bone cells influencing their sensitivity/resistance to chemot...

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of pancreatic cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. Despite years of research and improvements in chemotherapy regimens, the 5-year survival rate of PDAC remains dismal. Therapie...

Recent advancements in disease modeling for myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary artery disease (CAD) have significantly enhanced our understanding of cardiovascular pathology and therapeutic development. This review comprehensively reviews the in...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) shows highly ineffective therapeutic management. An urgent unmet need is the random assignment to adjuvant chemotherapy of high-risk stage II and stage III CRC patients without any predictive factor of efficacy. In the field o...

Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in tumor development and metastasis. Both bevacizumab and cediranib have demonstrated activity as single anti-angiogenic agents in endometrial cancer, though subsequent studies of bevacizumab combined with chemothera...

Human-relevant systems that mimic the 3D tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly the complex mechanisms of immuno-modulation in the tumor stroma, in a reproducible and scalable format are of high interest for the drug discovery industry. Here, we...

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly refractory to systemic treatment, including radiotherapy (RT) either as alone or in combination with chemotherapy. Magnetic resonance (MR)-guided RT is a novel treatment technique which conjugates the...

Due to the complexity of modeling tumor-host interactions within the tumor microenvironment in vitro, we developed a 3D heterotypic cellular breast cancer (BC) model. We generated spheroid models using MCF7, MDA-MB-231, and SK-BR-3 cell lines alongsi...

Recurrent ovarian-cancer patients face low 5-year survival rates despite chemotherapy. A variety of guideline-recommended second-line therapies are available, but they frequently result in trial-and-error treatment. Alterations and adjustments are co...

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor in adults associated with a poor survival. Current standard of care consists of surgical resection followed by radiation and chemotherapy. GBMs are highly heterogeneous, having a...

Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a very aggressive tumor originating from mesothelial cells. Although several etiological factors were reported to contribute to MPM onset, environmental exposure to asbestos is certainly a major ris...

Melanoma is considered a lethal and treatment-resistant skin cancer with a high risk of recurrence, making it a major clinical challenge. Our earlier studies documented that 1,25(OH)2D3 and its low-calcaemic analogues potentiate the effectiveness of...

Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is an aggressive malignancy with an inferior prognosis due to limited systemic treatment options. As preclinical models such as CC cell lines are extremely rare, this manuscript reports a protocol of cholangiocarcinoma patient...

Cell models are indispensable for the research and development of cancer therapies. Cancer medications have evolved with the establishment of various cell models. Patient-derived cell lines are very useful for identifying characteristic phenotypes an...

Glioblastoma (GBM) is highly resistant to treatment and invasion into the surrounding brain is a cancer hallmark that leads to recurrence despite surgical resection. With the emergence of precision medicine, patient-derived 3D systems are considered...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers that have high occurrence and death in both males and females. As various factors have been found to contribute to CRC development, personalized therapies are critical for efficient treatment....

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is responsible for the majority of gynecology cancer-related deaths. Patients in remission often relapse with more aggressive forms of disease within 2 years post-treatment. Alternative immuno-oncology (IO) st...

Patient-derived cancer 3D models are a promising tool that will revolutionize personalized cancer therapy but that require previous knowledge of optimal cell growth conditions and the most advantageous parameters to evaluate biomimetic relevance and...

Rare sarcomas present significant treatment challenges compared to more prevalent soft tissue sarcomas due to limited treatment options and a poor understanding of their biology. This study investigates a unique case of penile sarcoma, providing a co...

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most frequent and aggressive type of glioma. The lack of reliable GB models, together with its considerable clinical heterogeneity, has impaired a comprehensive investigation of the mechanisms that lead to tumorigenesis, canc...

We have developed a 3D biosphere model using patient-derived cells (PDCs) from glioblastoma (GBM), the major form of primary brain tumors in adult, plus cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAFs), obtained by culturing mesenchymal stem cells with GBM condit...

Background/Objectives: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) in lung cancer indicates systemically disseminated advanced lung cancer and is associated with poor survival. Intrapleural hyperthermic chemotherapy (IPHC) is a promising treatment for MPE; howe...

Familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) represents a significant yet underexplored area in pancreatic cancer research. Basic research efforts are notably limited, and when present, they are predominantly centered on the BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations due to the...

The field of oncology has witnessed remarkable progress in personalized cancer therapy. Functional precision medicine has emerged as a promising avenue for achieving superior treatment outcomes by integrating omics profiling and sensitivity testing o...

Background: Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) are facing a very dismal prognosis and representative pre-clinical models are needed for new treatment strategies. Here, we examined the relevance of collecting functional, genomic, and metabolomics da...

Geno- and phenotypic heterogeneity amongst cancer cell subpopulations are established drivers of treatment resistance and tumour recurrence. However, due to the technical difficulty associated with studying such intra-tumoural heterogeneity, this phe...

The biology of aging is focused on the identification of novel pathways that regulate the underlying processes of aging to develop interventions aimed at delaying the onset and progression of chronic diseases to extend lifespan. However, the research...

Bone metastases from osteosarcoma occur in only 10% of patients, and related preclinical models are lacking. A patient diagnosed with pelvic osteosarcoma developed a metachronous scapular metastasis and was treated with multi-agent chemotherapy and s...

3D models of cancer have the potential to improve basic, translational, and clinical studies. Patient-derived xenografts, spheroids, and organoids are broad categories of 3D models of cancer, and to date, these 3D models of cancer have been establish...