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  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Views
16 Pages

AI-Assisted Simulation of Organic Granular Fertilizer Spreading: Comparative Evaluation and Experimental Validation

  • Raimonda Zinkevičienė,
  • Eglė Jotautienė,
  • Davut Karayel,
  • Gražvydas Juodišius and
  • Siva Teja Sowrya Yannana

30 October 2026

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are increasingly used to support scientific modeling; however, the reliability of AI-generated mathematical models for predicting agricultural machinery performance remains insufficiently understood. This study eval...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Farming Practices and Technologies for Agricultural Soil Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
7,601 Views
13 Pages

Simulation of Granular Organic Fertilizer Application by Centrifugal Spreader

  • Raimonda Zinkevičienė,
  • Eglė Jotautienė,
  • Antanas Juostas,
  • Antonio Comparetti and
  • Edvardas Vaiciukevičius

29 January 2021

There is no specialized equipment designed to spread granular cylindrical organic fertilizer in the soil. There are also no rational recommendations available on how to spread this type of fertilizer. Mineral fertilizer spreaders are most often used...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Saving, Environment Protection Technologies, and Machines in Crop Production)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,618 Views
18 Pages

Theoretical and Experimental Verification of Organic Granular Fertilizer Spreading

  • Vaidas Bivainis,
  • Eglė Jotautienė,
  • Kristina Lekavičienė,
  • Ramūnas Mieldažys and
  • Gražvydas Juodišius

Due to the continuous creation of organic granular fertilizers of the new composition, there is a lack of knowledge about their properties and the influence of the norm on spreading efficiency. To increase the efficiency of the use of granular organi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
11,795 Views
22 Pages

17 February 2022

The manufacturing of a granular fertilizer based on organic slurry (OS) and sorptive materials aims to enhance the circular economy. This article describes a technology that was conceived after appraising the chemistry of the anaerobic digestate and...

(This article belongs to the Section Inventions and Innovation in Advanced Manufacturing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
942 Views
18 Pages

Investigation of Granular Organic Fertilizer Distribution Uniformity in Disk-Type Spreaders with Standard and Modified Vane Configurations

  • Gražvydas Juodišius,
  • Raimonda Zinkevičienė,
  • Eglė Jotautienė,
  • Davut Karayel and
  • Ramūnas Mieldažys

11 December 2025

Organic granular fertilizers are increasingly used in sustainable agriculture, yet their physical properties and spreading behavior remain underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical resistance and field distribution efficiency of grai...

(This article belongs to the Section Agricultural Science and Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,142 Views
17 Pages

A Study on the C, N, and P Contents and Stoichiometric Characteristics of Forage Leaves Based on Fertilizer-Reconstructed Soil in an Alpine Mining Area

  • Yichen Ba,
  • Xilai Li,
  • Yunqiao Ma,
  • Yu Chai and ,
  • Chengyi Li,
  • Xinyue Ma and
  • Yongxiang Yang
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

13 November 2023

In this study, we analyzed the C, N, and P contents and stoichiometric characteristics of forage leaves of five species (Elymus breviaristatus cv. Tongde, Poa crymophila cv. Qinghai, Puccinellia tenuiflora cv. Qinghai, Festuca sinensis cv. Qinghai, a...

(This article belongs to the Section Plant Ecology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
8,645 Views
17 Pages

Application of Granular and Non-Granular Organic Fertilizers in Terms of Energy, Environmental and Economic Efficiency

  • Egidijus Šarauskis,
  • Vilma Naujokienė,
  • Kristina Lekavičienė,
  • Zita Kriaučiūnienė and ,
  • Eglė Jotautienė,
  • Algirdas Jasinskas and
  • Raimonda Zinkevičienė
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

30 August 2021

Granular organic fertilizers have been increasingly used in agriculture due to the longer delivery of nutrients to plants and the milder impact on the environment. The aim of this study was to determine the energy, environmental and economic efficien...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy and Environmental Evaluation of Biofuel and Forage Processing and Utilization Technologies)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,202 Views
14 Pages

30 May 2024

Continuous efforts are being made to improve fertilizer efficiency by improving fertilizer technology, quality, and application rates. Granular organic fertilizers are more difficult to achieve uniform application because their physical–mechani...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Agricultural Automation and Innovative Agricultural Systems—2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
7,878 Views
13 Pages

Sustainable Use of Biochar, Poultry and Cattle Manure for the Production of Organic Granular Fertilizers

  • Aloyzas Gaudutis,
  • Eglė Jotautienė,
  • Ramūnas Mieldažys,
  • Vaidas Bivainis and
  • Algirdas Jasinskas

22 May 2023

In agricultural activities, there is an increasing need for organic fertilizers to use nature-friendly materials used to fertilize the soil. Farmers have been using granular organic fertilizers made from composted or dried manure of cattle, poultry,...

(This article belongs to the Section Farming Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
6,001 Views
13 Pages

Sustainability Biogas Production from Ensiled Plants Consisting of the Transformation of the Digestate into a Valuable Organic-Mineral Granular Fertilizer

  • Hubert Prask,
  • Józef Szlachta,
  • Małgorzata Fugol,
  • Leszek Kordas and ,
  • Agnieszka Lejman,
  • Franciszek Tużnik and
  • Filip Tużnik
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

26 February 2018

The research concerned the elaborate of non-waste biogas production technology based on the development of digestate from anaerobic digestion. In the anaerobic digestion process, the substrates of plant origin in the form of silage were used. The dig...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Theoretical and Applicability Problems of Agricultural Engineering and Associated Research Areas—Sustainable Agricultural Engineering—Sustainable Biomass to Energy Conversion)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,375 Views
20 Pages

Effects and Mechanisms of Granulated Compost on Soil Nitrogen Supply and Crop Uptake: Preliminary Evidence from a 15N Tracing Field Experiment in Tobacco

  • Chen Wang,
  • Fenglei Guo,
  • Shuaipeng Wu,
  • Xinjing Fu and ,
  • Xiaorong Zhao and
  • Guitong Li
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

5 October 2025

Organic fertilizer granulation represents a promising strategy for modifying nitrogen (N) release from compost in soil. Nevertheless, there is a lack of large-scale field trials exploring its impact on tobacco production and soil N supply. This resea...

(This article belongs to the Section Soil and Plant Nutrition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,981 Views
14 Pages

Determination of Properties of Loose and Granulated Organic Fertilizers and Qualitative Assessment of Fertilizer Spreading

  • Raimonda Zinkevičienė,
  • Eglė Jotautienė,
  • Algirdas Jasinskas,
  • Zita Kriaučiūnienė and ,
  • Kristina Lekavičienė,
  • Vilma Naujokienė and
  • Egidijus Šarauskis
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

6 April 2022

Precise and environmentally friendly fertilization is one of the most effective agrotechnical measures to improve crop yield, crop quality, and environmental sustainability. The aim of this study was to determine the uniformity of spreading of organi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy and Environmental Evaluation of Biofuel and Forage Processing and Utilization Technologies)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,435 Views
20 Pages

China’s agricultural facilities are developing rapidly and are mainly operated through household contracting. Due to a lack of suitable variable-rate fertilization devices, manual and blind fertilization still widely exists, resulting in fertil...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Agricultural Machinery Design and Agricultural Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,349 Views
16 Pages

Compression Strength and Critical Impact Speed of Typical Fertilizer Grains

  • Mingjin Xin,
  • Zhiwen Jiang,
  • Yuqiu Song,
  • Hongguang Cui and ,
  • Aiju Kong,
  • Bowen Chi and
  • Renbao Shan
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

16 December 2023

The application of fertilizer is necessary for the growth and yield of crops, especially for paddy rice. Precision application is important for the fertilizer utilization rate and sustainable development of agriculture. However, the crushing of ferti...

(This article belongs to the Section Agricultural Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,208 Views
17 Pages

Effects of Powdered and Granular AMF on Maize Growth Under Low Fertilizer Conditions

  • Ye Yuan,
  • Zhengjun Feng,
  • Huiping Song,
  • Ao Yuan and ,
  • Le Chang,
  • Yan Zou,
  • Munkhbat Dashdorj and
  • Zhiwei Bian
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

9 February 2026

Excessive fertilizer use drives soil degradation and resource waste. This study investigates how arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) formulations (powder vs. granular) optimize maize (Zea mays L.) yield, soil microbiome, and economic benefits under 50...

(This article belongs to the Section Fungi in Agriculture and Biotechnology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,566 Views
14 Pages

11 December 2019

High salinity and low fertility have restricted crop production in primary saline-alkali soils. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and surface charge characteristics affect the soil fertility and soil colloid characteristics of primary saline-alkali soils, re...

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sustainability and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
6,159 Views
16 Pages

Anti-Caking Coatings for Improving the Useful Properties of Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizers with Composition Modeling Using Box–Behnken Design

  • Aleksandra Tyc,
  • Dominik Nieweś,
  • Ewa Pankalla,
  • Marta Huculak-Mączka and ,
  • Krystyna Hoffmann and
  • Józef Hoffmann
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

2 October 2021

Granular fertilizers (especially those based on ammonium nitrate (AN)) tend to agglomerate during storage. The aims of this research were to develop effective anti-caking coatings for ammonium nitrate fertilizers while improving the quality of fertil...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Materials Science in Poland (2020–2022))
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,241 Views
15 Pages

Impact of Amendments in Combination with Fertilizers on Turfgrass and Soil Quality

  • Alex J. Lindsey,
  • Jaspal Singh,
  • Natasha Restuccia and
  • Victor Abarca

6 March 2026

Soil amendments are widely promoted to improve turfgrass performance and soil properties in suboptimal soil; however, their effectiveness under field-managed conditions remains unclear. Two concurrent field experiments (i.e., turfgrass and soil and r...

(This article belongs to the Section Grassland and Pasture Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,536 Views
20 Pages

Biochar-Based Granular Fertilizers with Agro-Industrial Binders Enhance Enzymatic Activity and Nutrient Cycling in Tropical Oxisols

  • José Mendes dos Santos Júnior,
  • Luiz Arnaldo Fernandes,
  • Fernando Colen,
  • Leidivan Almeida Frazão and
  • Rodinei Facco Pegoraro

21 September 2025

The low fertility of tropical Oxisols challenges sustainable agriculture. While biochar-based granular fertilizers (BBGFs) offer a solution, the influence of different organic binders is unclear. This study investigated how BBGFs formulated with bio-...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biochar-Based Fertilizers for Resilient Agriculture)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,115 Views
12 Pages

18 February 2022

Under the high temporal variability of the Mediterranean climate, the prompt emergence of wheat seedlings and early vigor are pivotal attributes, positively affecting the final grain yield. Phosphorus (P) fertilization at sowing is largely used in wh...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Methods for Plant Nutrition Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,771 Views
23 Pages

Effects of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation for Soilborne Disease and Weed Management on Baby Leaf Lettuce Performance in a High Tunnel Organic Production System

  • Isaac R. Vincent,
  • Erin N. Rosskopf,
  • Jeffrey K. Brecht,
  • Nicholas S. Dufault and ,
  • Germán Sandoya-Miranda and
  • Xin Zhao
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

8 April 2024

The use of high tunnels, which allows growers to extend their season and improve yields, is increasing in the Southeastern U.S., yet growers face challenges related to weed and disease management, particularly in organic systems. On-station experimen...

  • Review
  • Open Access
41 Citations
7,811 Views
20 Pages

Multi-Integrated Systems for Treatment of Abattoir Wastewater: A Review

  • Larryngeai Gutu,
  • Moses Basitere,
  • Theo Harding,
  • David Ikumi and ,
  • Mahomet Njoya and
  • Chris Gaszynski
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

7 September 2021

Biological wastewater treatment processes such as activated sludge and anaerobic digestion remain the most favorable when compared to processes such as chemical precipitation and ion exchange due to their cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, ease of...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wastewater Treatment: Current and Future Techniques)
  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
5,443 Views
17 Pages

The Effect of Granular Activated Carbon and Biochar on the Availability of Cu and Zn to Hordeum sativum Distichum in Contaminated Soil

  • Marina Burachevskaya,
  • Saglara Mandzhieva,
  • Tatiana Bauer,
  • Tatiana Minkina and ,
  • Vishnu Rajput,
  • Victor Chaplygin,
  • Aleksey Fedorenko,
  • Natalia Chernikova,
  • Inna Zamulina and
  • Leonid Perelomov
  • + 7 authors+ 2 authors

22 April 2021

The presence of heavy metals in the soil could impose serious problems on soil-plant systems due to the accumulation of heavy metals in plants. Even vital elements such as Cu and Zn have a toxic effect in the case of excessive intake by living organi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant-Soil Interactions: From Soil Fertility to Crop Growth)
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
1,946 Views
16 Pages

Long-term coal mining in the Muli coal mine area of Qinghai Province has degraded soil quality and reduced microbial diversity, making it imperative to implement effective ecological restoration measures to restore soil quality and enhance ecosystem...

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Microbiology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
83 Citations
15,311 Views
16 Pages

Amending soil with biochar is a promising approach to persistently improve soil health and promote crop growth. The efficacy of soil biochar amendment, however, is soil specific, biochar dependent, and influenced by the biochar application programs....

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biochar for Sustainable Agricultural Systems and other Environmental Applications)