83 Results Found

Multiple primary melanomas (MPM) refer to the occurrence of more than one synchronous or metachronous melanoma in the same individual. The aim of this study was to identify the frequency of MPM and describe the clinical and histopathologic characteri...

Background: Patients diagnosed with melanoma are at increased risk of developing multiple primary melanomas (MPMs). Identifying clinical and genetic factors associated with MPM is critical for implementing personalized surveillance strategies. This s...

Background: Multiple primary melanoma (MPM) is a diagnostic challenge even with ancillary imaging technologies available to dermatologists. In selected patients’ phenotypes, the use of imaging approaches can help better understand lesion charac...

Background and Objectives: In the realm of the rising incidence of cutaneous and mucous melanoma, CDKN2A mutations characterize familial and multiple primary melanoma cases. The involvement of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is interconnected w...

Melanoma, a malignant neuroectodermic tumor originating from the neural crest, presents a growing global public health challenge and is anticipated to become the second most prevalent malignancy in the USA by 2040. The CDKN2A gene, particularly p16IN...

The CDKN2A gene remains understudied in melanoma compared to BRAF alterations. Inactivation of this tumor suppressor gene through homozygous deletions in the 9p21 chromosomal region leads to cellular proliferation and disrupts pro-apoptotic pathways....

MDM2-SNP309 (rs2279744), a common genetic modifier of cancer incidence in Li-Fraumeni syndrome, modifies risk, age of onset, or prognosis in a variety of cancers. Melanoma incidence and outcomes vary by sex, and although SNP309 exerts an effect on th...

Background and Objectives: Amelanotic/hypomelanotic melanomas (AHMs) account for 2–8% of all cutaneous melanomas. Due to their clinical appearance and the lack of specific dermoscopic indicators, AHMs are challenging to diagnose, particularly i...

Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that alone weakly affect melanoma risk, but their combined effect on a polygenic risk score (PRS) can have a far bigger impact on estimating ri...

Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is one of the most common skin cancers worldwide. CMM pathogenesis involves genetic and environmental factors. Recent studies have led to the identification of new genes involved in CMM susceptibility: beyond CDKN2A...

Background and Objectives: Multiple primary malignant tumors represent a small percentage of the total number of oncological cases and can involve either metachronous or synchronous development and represent challenges in diagnosis, staging, and trea...

Increased genetic risk for melanoma can occur in the context of germline pathogenic variants in high-penetrance genes, such as CDKN2A and CDK4, risk variants in low- to moderate-penetrance genes (MC1R and MITF), and possibly due to variants in emergi...

Background/Objectives: Melanoma is an aggressive cutaneous malignancy with a rising incidence. While most cases are sporadic, 5–10% are hereditary, especially in patients with multiple or familial melanomas. The aim of this study is to explore...

In order to identify the molecular pathways governing melanoma and track its progression, the next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach and targeted sequencing of cancer genes were employed. The primary tumor, as well as metastatic tissue, of an 84-y...

Cutaneous melanoma is the deadliest skin malignity with a rising prevalence worldwide. Patients carrying germline mutations in melanoma-susceptibility genes face an increased risk of melanoma and other cancers. To assess the spectrum of germline vari...

Uveal melanoma is one of the most common primary intraocular malignancies that accounts for about 85% of all ocular melanomas. The pathophysiology of uveal melanoma is distinct from cutaneous melanoma and has separate tumor profiles. The management o...

Melanoma is a highly aggressive type of skin cancer produced through the malignant transformation of melanocytes, and it is usually associated with a poor prognosis. Clinically, melanoma has several stages associated with migration and invasion of th...

Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most aggressive human cancers due to its high invasiveness. Germline mutations in high-risk melanoma susceptibility genes have been associated with development hereditary melanoma; however, most genetic culprits remai...

A family history of melanoma greatly increases the risk of developing cutaneous melanoma, a highly aggressive skin cancer whose incidence has been steadily increasing worldwide. Familial melanomas account for about 10% of all malignant melanomas and...

In recent years, scientists have advocated the use of targeted therapies in the form of drugs that modulate genes and proteins that are directly associated with cancer progression and metastasis. Malignant melanoma is a dreadful cancer type that has...

Malignant melanoma is a complex malignancy with genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors in its etiology. While germline variants in melanoma predisposition genes have been described, many patients remain genetically unexplained after panel test...

Antibodies against immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of multiple aggressive malignancies, including melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer. ICIs for the treatment of primary and metastatic brain tumors have been u...

Melanoma is classified among the most notoriously aggressive human cancers. Despite the recent progress, due to its propensity for metastasis and resistance to therapy, novel biomarkers and oncogenic molecular drivers need to be promptly identified f...

Background: Melanoma is the cancer with the highest risk of dissemination to the central nervous system (CNS), one of the leading causes of mortality from this cancer. Objective: To identify patients at higher risk of developing CNS metastases and to...

The etiology of melanoma is multifactorial and arises from the interplay of genetic, phenotypic, and environmental factors. The genetic predisposition to melanoma is influenced by a complex interaction among genes exhibiting varying levels of penetra...

Studying primary melanoma and its corresponding metastasis has twofold benefits. Firstly, to better understand tumor biology, and secondly, to determine which sample should be examined in assessing drug targets. This study systematically analyzed all...

Background: The current COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the modus operandi of all fields of medicine, significantly impacting patients with oncological diseases and multiple comorbidities. Thus, in recent months, the establishment of melanoma manage...

Little is known about the subcellular localization and function of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in melanoma. Our past studies suggest PDCD4 interacts with Pleckstrin Homology Domain Containing A5 (PLEKHA5) to influence melanoma brain metastasis ou...

Background: Diagnosis of nevoid melanoma (NeM) is often difficult because NeM closely resembles a common nevus clinically and histologically. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 110 patients diagnosed with and/or treated for primary nevoi...

Osteopontin (OPN) is a phosphoprotein with diverse functions in various physiological and pathological processes. OPN expression is increased in multiple cancers, and OPN within tumour tissue has been shown to promote key stages of cancer development...

Background/Objectives: The revolution for the treatment of melanoma came with the approval of checkpoint blockade antibodies. However, a substantial proportion of patients show primary or secondary resistance to this type of immunotherapy, indicating...

Melanoma is a deadly disease that often exhibits relentless progression and can have both early and late metastases. Recent advances in immunotherapy and targeted therapy have dramatically increased patient survival for patients with melanoma. Simila...

Automatic melanoma detection from dermoscopic skin samples is a very challenging task. However, using a deep learning approach as a machine vision tool can overcome some challenges. This research proposes an automated melanoma classifier based on a d...

Background: Immunotherapy has been successful in treating advanced melanoma, but a large proportion of patients do not respond to the treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Preclinical and small cohort studies suggest gastrointestinal mi...

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy directed to CD19 and B-cell maturation antigen has revolutionized treatment of B-cell leukemia and lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. However, identifying suitable targets for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) r...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed melanoma treatment; however, predicting patient responses remains a significant challenge. This study reviews the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to optimize ICI therapy in melanoma by in...

Background: Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular cancer in adults; however, it remains rare. Despite its rarity, metastatic uveal melanoma poses significant treatment challenges. Tebentafusp, a T-cell receptor–bispecific molecu...

Melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of skin cancer, with significant heterogeneity in overall survival. Currently, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging is insufficient to provide accurate survival prediction and appropriate treatment decision...

New antitumour immunotherapy strategies for stage IV metastatic melanoma include ipilimumab, a monoclonal antibody against CTLA-4. Patterns of response with cancer immunotherapy differ from those with cytotoxic chemotherapy. We present two cases of l...

Intradural extramedullary (IDEM) tumors are the most commonly observed intraspinal tumors, comprising over 60% of tumors found within the spinal canal, and the vast majority of these lesions are benign lesions. IDEM metastases are rare, but if they o...

Cancer survivors commonly contend with concurrent cognitive difficulties such as problems with attention and concentration, and psychological distress, including anxiety and depression. However, the associations between attentional and emotional diff...

Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer characterized by high mutational burden and large heterogeneity. Cancer cells are surrounded by a complex environment, critical to tumor establishment and progression. Thus, tumor-associated stromal compone...

Background: Malignant melanoma and RCC have different embryonic origins, no common lifestyle risk factors but intriguingly share biological properties such as immune regulation and radioresistance. An excess risk of malignant melanoma is observed in...

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy with a limited five-year survival for metastatic patients. Limited therapeutic treatments are currently available for metastatic disease, even if the genomics of this tumor has bee...

Background: Thyroid metastases (TMs) are a rare entity, ranging between 0 and 24% in the autopsy series. In the assessment of the best management, the discrimination between a primary and a metastatic thyroid lesion is crucial. In this regard, fine n...

This scoping review aims to systematically gather evidence from personalized cancer-screening studies across various cancers, summarize key components and outcomes, and provide implications for a future personalized melanoma-screening strategy. Peer-...

Malignant melanoma represents the most fatal skin cancer due to its aggressive biological behavior and high metastatic potential. Treatment strategies for advanced disease have dramatically changed over the last years due to the introduction of BRAF/...

Cancer adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with HLA-independent tumor killer lymphocytes is a promising approach, with intrinsic features potentially addressing crucial tumor-escape mechanisms of checkpoint inhibitors. Cytokine-induced Killer (CIK) and Natur...

Malignant melanoma represents the most fatal skin cancer due to its aggressive behavior and high metastatic potential. The introduction of BRAF/MEK inhibitors and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the clinic has dramatically improved patient sur...

There have been many public health recommendations for avoiding UV radiation exposures. This is primarily due to concerns about skin cancer and especially melanoma, the most serious type of skin cancer. However, UV radiation is also known as the prim...