This study simulated the deformation of a hot runner manifold and nozzle assembly during operation, aiming to address potential leaks and premature failure. Both thermal and mechanical models were used simultaneously to accurately capture system beha...
To determine dimensions in the hot runner systems, given a material, it is necessary to predict the pressure drop according to them. Although modern injection molding simulators are able to evaluate such pressure drops, they are expensive and demandi...
The increasing demand for renewable raw materials and lightweight composites leads to an increasing request for natural fiber composites (NFC) in series production. In order to be able to use NFC competitively, they must also be processable with hot...
Injection molding is a highly nonlinear procedure that is easily influenced by various external factors, thereby affecting the stability of the product’s quality. High-speed injection molding is required for production due to the rapid cooling...
Four sustainable materials including a recycled polypropylene blend, polybutylene adipate terephthalate, and two grades of polylactic acid are compared to a reference isotactic polypropylene. Tensile specimens were produced using a two-cavity, hot ru...
This research investigates the correlation between polymer melt viscosity, tensile properties, and injection molding energy consumption for three grades of polypropylene: a virgin grade, a recycled grade, and a modified recycled grade. Cold runner an...
Heat acclimation (HA) is the foremost method of preventing exertional heat illness during exercise in hot and humid environments. However, the prevalence of HA training and its associated knowledge is not currently known in recreational running popul...
10 August 2021
The 2018 Virgin Money London Marathon (2018 VMLM) was the hottest in the race’s 37-year history. The aims of this research were to (1) survey novice mass participation marathoners to examine the perceptual thermal demands of this extreme weather even...
Injection mold design is a repetitive and time-consuming process with common individual tasks related to each other. This study presents the development of an automatic computer-aided design (CAD) tool for basic injection molds with complete modeling...
This study aimed to assess the effect of a marathon running at a hot environmental temperature on the baseline skin temperature (Tsk) of the posterior day and to analyze the relationship between Tsk response and muscle damage markers variation. The T...
It is quite difficult to investigate thermal comfort in hot–humid regions, and there have not been many real case studies or research related to this issue. In this article, four running events held in nearby popular travel spots in Kaohsiung, the la...
Background: Trail running socks with the same fibers and design but with different separations of their three-dimensional waves could have different thermoregulatory effects. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the temperatures ref...
Melt expansion followed by compression has been utilized for high-speed filling. In general, this technology was developed for a machine level. Recently, mold-level technology has been tried. In this study, an expansion injection molding process was...
In casting steel for offshore construction, integral casted structures are superior to welded structures in terms of preventing fatigue cracks in the stress raisers. In this study, mold design and casting analysis were conducted for integral carrier...
Frequent extreme weather driven by climate change makes building resilience an essential guarantee for urban livability and sustainable development. As key building energy-consuming facilities, aged refrigeration plants suffer from low efficiency, hi...
Conservation agriculture has recently been a hot topic of agricultural research and has generated significant global interest. Conservation agriculture has three core principles: minimal soil disturbance, permanent soil cover, and crop rotations. The...
Liquid silicone rubber (LSR) parts have some distinct characteristics such as superior heat stability, low-temperature flexibility, aging resistance, and chemical resistance. From an industrial standpoint, the uniform vulcanization temperature of LSR...
Against the backdrop of the carbon peaking and neutrality (“dual-carbon”) goals and evolving new-type power system dispatch, the share of pumped-storage hydropower (PSH) in power systems continues to increase, imposing stricter requiremen...
The isothermal compression tests of as-cast Ti6Al4V alloy specimens, with coarse grains obtained from the runner, were conducted at a strain rate range of 0.001–0.1 s−1 and a temperature range of 710–920 °C. The experimental results were used for con...
7 November 2019
Background In this Position Statement, the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) provides an objective and critical review of the literature pertinent to nutritional considerations for training and racing in single-stage ultra-marathon. Re...
Objectives: The ability to efficiently regulate body temperature is crucial during endurance activities such as trail running, especially during competitive events in hot conditions. Over the past decade, passive hyperthermia exposure has grown signi...
16 December 2011
Background: Ingestion of creatine (Cr) and glycerol (Gly) has been reported to be an effective method in expanding water compartments within the human body, attenuating the rise in heart rate (HR) and core temperature (Tcore) during exercise in the h...
Exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) is defined as a plasma sodium concentration of <135 mmol/L during or after endurance and ultra-endurance performance and was first described by Timothy Noakes when observed in ultra-marathoners competing in t...
l-menthol (menthol) is an organic compound derived from peppermint which imparts a refreshing mint flavor and aroma to oral hygiene products, chewing gum, and topical analgesics. Menthol has been identified as a non-thermal sensory cooling strategy f...