399 Results Found

This paper reports two experimental fires conducted at field-scale in Corsica, across a particular mountain shrubland. The orientation of the experimental plots was chosen in such a way that the wind was aligned along the main slope direction in orde...

A safe separation distance (SSD) needs to be considered during firefighting activities (fire suppression or people evacuation) against wildfires. The SSD is of critical interest for both humans and assets located in the wildland–urban interface...

The almost complete eradication of fire from grasslands in North America has led to non-linear hysteretic transitions to shrub- and woodlands that the reintroduction of low-intensity fire is unable to reverse. We explore the ability of the extreme en...

Thermal heterogeneity of rivers is essential to support freshwater biodiversity. Salmon behaviorally thermoregulate by moving from patches of warm water to cold water. When implementing river restoration projects, it is essential to monitor changes i...

Utility tunnels concentrate various important urban engineering pipelines within a shared underground space, which poses significant fire risks, particularly from cable fires. In this study, a full-scale fire experiment was conducted to investigate t...

On 8 August 2023, a grass fire that started in the city of Lahaina, Hawai’i, grew into the deadliest wildfire in the United States since 1918. This wildfire offers a unique opportunity to explore the impact of high heat output on an atmospheric...

The surface fragmentation of karst landscapes leads to a high degree of coupling between fire scar site boundaries and topographic relief. However, the applicability of spatio-temporal data fusion methods for fire scar extraction in such geomorpholog...

Prescribed fires are conducted extensively in pine-dominated forests throughout the Eastern USA to reduce the risk of wildfires and maintain fire-adapted ecosystems. We asked how fire behavior and fuel consumption during prescribed fires are associat...

An analysis of fire characteristics in the boreal forests of Siberia (50–75° N, 60–140° E) was performed for the period 2002–2022. We found a positive trend in the proportion of high-intensity fires in dominant forest stands...

Using a particulate emissions model developed for FIRETEC, we explore differences in particle emission profiles between high-intensity fires under critical conditions and low-intensity fires under marginal conditions. Simulations were performed in a...

Unlike low intensity fire which promotes landscape heterogeneity and important ecosystem services, large high-intensity wildfires constitute a significant destructive factor despite the increased amount of resources allocated to fire suppression and...

This work analyses the spatial clustering of fire intensity in Zimbabwe, using remotely sensed Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) active fire occurrence data. In order to investigate the spatial pattern of fire intensity, MODIS-der...

Forest disturbance detection is important for revealing ecological changes. Long-time series remote sensing analysis methods have emerged as the primary approach for detecting large-scale forest disturbances. Many of the existing change detection alg...

The grasslands of North America are threatened by woody encroachment. Restoring historical fire regimes has been used to manage brush encroachment. However, fire management may be insufficient due to the nonlinear and hysteretic responses of vegetati...

Fire regime (FR) is a key element in the study of ecosystem dynamics, supporting natural resource management planning by identifying gaps in fire patterns in time and space and planning to assess ecological conditions. Due to the insufficient conside...

Abrupt changes in wind direction and speed caused by thunderstorm-generated gust fronts can, within a few seconds, transform slow-spreading low-intensity flanking fires into high-intensity head fires. Flame heights and spread rates can more than doub...

This study was carried out for Siberia using Terra/Modis satellite data (2002–2016), data of ground surveys on burned areas of different ages, long-term meteorological information, and numerical simulation results. On the basis of meteorological and...

Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) firefighters experienced intense dust exposure working at the World Trade Center (WTC) site on and after 11/9/2001 (9/11). We hypothesized that high-intensity WTC exposure caused abnormalities found on c...

Brazil has recently (2014) changed from a zero-fire policy to an Integrated Fire Management (IFM) program with the active use of prescribed burning (PB) in federal Protected Areas (PA) and Indigenous Territories (IT) of the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado...

Wildfires threaten human lives and ecosystems and have a significant impact on the economy. Greece is one of the most vulnerable countries in the world with respect to wildfires. The purpose of this article is to assess the climate change impact of w...

Forest fires are one of the significant factors affecting forest ecosystems globally, with their impacts on soil microbial community structure and function drawing considerable attention. This study focuses on the short-term effects of different fire...

Plants in fire-prone ecosystems have evolved a variety of mechanisms to resist or adapt to fire. Post-fire resprouting is a key adaptation that promotes rapid ecosystem recovery and hence has a major impact on the terrestrial carbon cycle. However, o...

Although low-intensity forest fires are a necessary part of healthy echo system, high-intensity forest fires continue to affect the diversity of forest ecosystems and species. Therefore, it is necessary to study the driving factors of forest fires an...

The present work is devoted to the theoretical study of heat transfer in the enclosing structures of a wooden building exposed to the front of a forest fire. In the general case, the following effects could be distinguished: The direct effect of a fo...

An analysis of a dataset (n = 58) of high-intensity wildfire observations in cured grasslands from southern Australia revealed a simple relationship suitable for quickly obtaining a first approximation of a fire’s spread rate under low dead fue...

The Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment (FASMEE) is designed to collect integrated observations from large wildland fires and provide evaluation datasets for new models and operational systems. Wildland fire, smoke dispersion, and atmospheric...

Wildfires, whether natural or human-caused, significantly alter soil properties and increase soil erosion susceptibility, particularly through changes in rill detachment capacity (Dc). This study aimed to evaluate the influence of fire intensity on k...

This study examined the effects of commonly used oxidants in sedimentary macroscopic charcoal analysis on two sediment cores from Thirlmere Lakes National Park, Southeast Australia. The cores, from Lake Werri Berri (WB3) and Lake Couridjah (LC2), spa...

With global warming, catastrophic forest fires have frequently occurred in recent years, posing a major threat to forest resources and people. How to reduce forest fire risk is a hot topic in forest management. Concerns regarding fire suppression and...

Post-fire geomorphic processes and associated risks are an important threat in Mediterranean environments. Currently, post-fire mass movement prediction has limited applications across the Mediterranean despite the abundance of both forest fires and...

Prescribed burning is a cost-effective method for reducing hazardous fuels in pine- and oak-dominated forests, but smoke emissions contribute to atmospheric pollutant loads, and the potential exists for exceeding federal air quality standards designe...

Wildfires burn 4–10 million acres annually across the United States and wildland fire related damages and suppression costs have exceeded $13 billion for a single year. High-intensity wildfires contribute to post-fire erosion, degraded wildlife...

The increasing frequency of extreme wildfire behavior globally, particularly under the influence of anthropogenic climate change, poses unprecedented challenges to traditional fire management paradigms. This study presents a comprehensive, multi-dime...

Forest fire activity has been increasing in California. Satellite imagery data along with ground level measurements of PM2.5 have been previously used to determine the presence and level of smoke. In this study, emergency room visits for asthma are e...

In seasonally dry forests, wildfires can reduce competition for soil water among trees and improve forest resilience to drought. We tested this idea by comparing tree-ring growth patterns of Pinus pinea stands subjected to two prescribed burning inte...

Fire suppression has become a fundamental approach for shaping contemporary wildfire regimes. However, a growing body of research suggests that aggressive fire suppression can increase high-intensity wildfires, creating the wildfire paradox. Whether...

Stand-level fuel reduction treatments in the Canadian boreal zone are used predominantly in community protection settings to alter the natural structure of dominant boreal conifer stands such as black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP), jack pine (Pi...

The fire service suffers from high rates of cardiovascular disease and poor overall health, and firefighters often suffer fatal and non-fatal injuries while on the job. Most fatal injuries result from sudden cardiac death, while non-fatal injuries ar...

Indigenous groups are increasingly combining traditional ecological knowledge and Western scientific approaches to inform the management of their lands. We report the outcomes of a collaborative research project focused on key ecological questions as...

The accumulation of biomass fuels resulting from the growth of heliophilous shrubs and small tree species at the edge of forests and on scrub and pasture lands contributes to the increased risk of rural fires in Mediterranean climate regions. This si...

Studying the early changes in post-fire vegetation communities may improve the overall resilience of forests. The necessity for doing so was demonstrated by the Bobcat Fire, which seriously threatened the central San Gabriel Mountains and the Angeles...

In 2020, a high-intensity wildfire burned over 35,000 ha in the Santa Cruz Mountains of California, including over 1700 ha of old-growth coast redwood forest. This event created a unique opportunity to evaluate post-fire succession. We compared veget...

Prescribed burns are a land management tool currently used to aid in fire mitigation and to promote desired plant species and reduce undesired species, which are often invasive species. Currently, there is a public stigma surrounding the negative eff...

The need for fuel reduction treatments and the restoration of ecosystem resilience has become widespread in forest management given fuel accumulation across many forested landscapes and a growing risk of high-intensity wildfire. However, there has be...

Wildland fire is a major producer of aerosols from combustion of vegetation and soils, but little is known about the abundance and composition of smoke’s biological content. Bioaerosols, or aerosols derived from biological sources, may be a sig...

Flammable litter such as Pinus koraiensis needle accumulation increases the risk of wildfire. In the event of a high-intensity fire, forest resources can be severely damaged. To reduce the occurrence of forest fires, it is important to reduce loads a...

This study analyzed the spatial heterogeneity of grassland canopy nitrogen in a tallgrass prairie with different treatments of fire and ungulate grazing (long-term bison grazing vs. recent cattle grazing). Variogram analysis was applied to continuous...

Climate warming is expected to increase fire frequency in many productive obligate seeder forests, where repeated high-intensity fire can initiate stand conversion to alternative states with contrasting structure. These vegetation–fire interactions m...

Gun barrels are subjected to time-varying high-intensity heat flux under multiple firing, which may damage the material and limit the overall performance of the gun. In order to monitor the thermal state of a gun barrel, an inverse method coupling th...

Real-time monitoring of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) surgery is essential for safe and accurate treatment. However, ultrasound imaging is difficult to use for treatment monitoring during HIFU surgery because of the high intensity of the H...