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399 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,041 Views
21 Pages

A Study of Two High Intensity Fires across Corsican Shrubland

  • Jacky Fayad,
  • Frédéric Morandini,
  • Gilbert Accary,
  • François-Joseph Chatelon,
  • Clément Wandon,
  • Antoine Burglin,
  • Lucile Rossi,
  • Thierry Marcelli,
  • Dominique Cancellieri and
  • Valérie Cancellieri
  • + 7 authors

27 February 2023

This paper reports two experimental fires conducted at field-scale in Corsica, across a particular mountain shrubland. The orientation of the experimental plots was chosen in such a way that the wind was aligned along the main slope direction in orde...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,560 Views
19 Pages

Numerical Assessment of Safe Separation Distance in the Wildland–Urban Interfaces

  • Jacky Fayad,
  • Gilbert Accary,
  • Frédéric Morandini,
  • François-Joseph Chatelon,
  • Lucile Rossi,
  • Thierry Marcelli,
  • Dominique Cancellieri,
  • Valérie Cancellieri,
  • Yassine Rahib and
  • Dominique Morvan
  • + 4 authors

18 May 2023

A safe separation distance (SSD) needs to be considered during firefighting activities (fire suppression or people evacuation) against wildfires. The SSD is of critical interest for both humans and assets located in the wildland–urban interface...

  • Article
  • Open Access
787 Views
11 Pages

High Mortality of Huisache (Vachellia farnesiana) with Extreme Fire During Drought

  • Victoria M. Donovan,
  • Allie V. Schiltmeyer,
  • Carissa L. Wonkka,
  • Jacob Wagner,
  • Devan A. McGranahan,
  • William E. Rogers,
  • Urs P. Kreuter and
  • Dirac Twidwell

21 June 2025

The almost complete eradication of fire from grasslands in North America has led to non-linear hysteretic transitions to shrub- and woodlands that the reintroduction of low-intensity fire is unable to reverse. We explore the ability of the extreme en...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,176 Views
23 Pages

1 April 2025

Thermal heterogeneity of rivers is essential to support freshwater biodiversity. Salmon behaviorally thermoregulate by moving from patches of warm water to cold water. When implementing river restoration projects, it is essential to monitor changes i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,027 Views
17 Pages

17 October 2025

Utility tunnels concentrate various important urban engineering pipelines within a shared underground space, which poses significant fire risks, particularly from cable fires. In this study, a full-scale fire experiment was conducted to investigate t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,954 Views
25 Pages

26 November 2024

On 8 August 2023, a grass fire that started in the city of Lahaina, Hawai’i, grew into the deadliest wildfire in the United States since 1918. This wildfire offers a unique opportunity to explore the impact of high heat output on an atmospheric...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,545 Views
22 Pages

Spatio-Temporal Fusion of Landsat and MODIS Data for Monitoring of High-Intensity Fire Traces in Karst Landscapes: A Case Study in China

  • Xiaodong Zhang,
  • Jingyi Zhao,
  • Guanzhou Chen,
  • Tong Wang,
  • Qing Wang,
  • Kui Wang and
  • Tingxuan Miao

26 May 2025

The surface fragmentation of karst landscapes leads to a high degree of coupling between fire scar site boundaries and topographic relief. However, the applicability of spatio-temporal data fusion methods for fire scar extraction in such geomorpholog...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
4,682 Views
25 Pages

Fire Behavior, Fuel Consumption, and Turbulence and Energy Exchange during Prescribed Fires in Pitch Pine Forests

  • Kenneth L. Clark,
  • Warren E. Heilman,
  • Nicholas S. Skowronski,
  • Michael R. Gallagher,
  • Eric Mueller,
  • Rory M. Hadden and
  • Albert Simeoni

29 February 2020

Prescribed fires are conducted extensively in pine-dominated forests throughout the Eastern USA to reduce the risk of wildfires and maintain fire-adapted ecosystems. We asked how fire behavior and fuel consumption during prescribed fires are associat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
5,372 Views
15 Pages

Wildfire Intensity and Fire Emissions in Siberia

  • Evgenii I. Ponomarev,
  • Andrey N. Zabrodin,
  • Eugene G. Shvetsov and
  • Tatiana V. Ponomareva

22 June 2023

An analysis of fire characteristics in the boreal forests of Siberia (50–75° N, 60–140° E) was performed for the period 2002–2022. We found a positive trend in the proportion of high-intensity fires in dominant forest stands...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,176 Views
13 Pages

Simulation Comparisons of Particulate Emissions from Fires under Marginal and Critical Conditions

  • Alexander J. Josephson,
  • Daniel Castaño,
  • Marlin J. Holmes and
  • Rodman R. Linn

13 November 2019

Using a particulate emissions model developed for FIRETEC, we explore differences in particle emission profiles between high-intensity fires under critical conditions and low-intensity fires under marginal conditions. Simulations were performed in a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
5,029 Views
23 Pages

19 July 2020

Unlike low intensity fire which promotes landscape heterogeneity and important ecosystem services, large high-intensity wildfires constitute a significant destructive factor despite the increased amount of resources allocated to fire suppression and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,161 Views
13 Pages

Spatial Clustering of Vegetation Fire Intensity Using MODIS Satellite Data

  • Upenyu Naume Mupfiga,
  • Onisimo Mutanga,
  • Timothy Dube and
  • Pedzisai Kowe

25 November 2022

This work analyses the spatial clustering of fire intensity in Zimbabwe, using remotely sensed Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) active fire occurrence data. In order to investigate the spatial pattern of fire intensity, MODIS-der...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,495 Views
21 Pages

Detection of Forest Disturbances with Different Intensities Using Landsat Time Series Based on Adaptive Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Charts

  • Tingwei Zhang,
  • Ling Wu,
  • Xiangnan Liu,
  • Meiling Liu,
  • Chen Chen,
  • Baowen Yang,
  • Yuqi Xu and
  • Suchang Zhang

20 December 2023

Forest disturbance detection is important for revealing ecological changes. Long-time series remote sensing analysis methods have emerged as the primary approach for detecting large-scale forest disturbances. Many of the existing change detection alg...

  • Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
6,886 Views
19 Pages

2 November 2023

The grasslands of North America are threatened by woody encroachment. Restoring historical fire regimes has been used to manage brush encroachment. However, fire management may be insufficient due to the nonlinear and hysteretic responses of vegetati...

  • Article
  • Open Access
763 Views
20 Pages

Can Fire Season Type Serve as a Critical Factor in Fire Regime Classification System in China?

  • Huijuan Li,
  • Sumei Zhang,
  • Xugang Lian,
  • Yuan Zhang and
  • Fengfeng Zhao

28 June 2025

Fire regime (FR) is a key element in the study of ecosystem dynamics, supporting natural resource management planning by identifying gaps in fire patterns in time and space and planning to assess ecological conditions. Due to the insufficient conside...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3,007 Views
13 Pages

1 September 2021

Abrupt changes in wind direction and speed caused by thunderstorm-generated gust fronts can, within a few seconds, transform slow-spreading low-intensity flanking fires into high-intensity head fires. Flame heights and spread rates can more than doub...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,156 Views
7 Pages

Remote Sensing Data for Calibrated Assessment of Wildfire Emissions in Siberian Forests

  • Evgenii Ponomarev,
  • Eugene Shvetsov,
  • Kirill Litvintsev,
  • Irina Bezkorovaynaya,
  • Tatiana Ponomareva,
  • Alexander Klimchenko,
  • Oleg Ponomarev,
  • Nikita Yakimov and
  • Alexey Panov

22 March 2018

This study was carried out for Siberia using Terra/Modis satellite data (2002–2016), data of ground surveys on burned areas of different ages, long-term meteorological information, and numerical simulation results. On the basis of meteorological and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,198 Views
14 Pages

Abnormalities on Chest Computed Tomography and Lung Function Following an Intense Dust Exposure: A 17-Year Longitudinal Study

  • Charles Liu,
  • Barbara Putman,
  • Ankura Singh,
  • Rachel Zeig-Owens,
  • Charles B. Hall,
  • Theresa Schwartz,
  • Mayris P. Webber,
  • Hillel W. Cohen,
  • Melissa J. Fazzari and
  • David J. Prezant
  • + 1 author

Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) firefighters experienced intense dust exposure working at the World Trade Center (WTC) site on and after 11/9/2001 (9/11). We hypothesized that high-intensity WTC exposure caused abnormalities found on c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
8,359 Views
21 Pages

Prescribed Burning Reduces Large, High-Intensity Wildfires and Emissions in the Brazilian Savanna

  • Filippe L.M. Santos,
  • Joana Nogueira,
  • Rodrigo A. F. de Souza,
  • Rodrigo M. Falleiro,
  • Isabel B. Schmidt and
  • Renata Libonati

2 September 2021

Brazil has recently (2014) changed from a zero-fire policy to an Integrated Fire Management (IFM) program with the active use of prescribed burning (PB) in federal Protected Areas (PA) and Indigenous Territories (IT) of the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,232 Views
6 Pages

Assessing the Climate Change Sensitivity of Greek Ecosystems to Wildfires

  • Kyriakos-Stavros Malisovas,
  • Chris G. Tzanis and
  • Kostas Philippopoulos

Wildfires threaten human lives and ecosystems and have a significant impact on the economy. Greece is one of the most vulnerable countries in the world with respect to wildfires. The purpose of this article is to assess the climate change impact of w...

  • Article
  • Open Access
795 Views
16 Pages

26 May 2025

Forest fires are one of the significant factors affecting forest ecosystems globally, with their impacts on soil microbial community structure and function drawing considerable attention. This study focuses on the short-term effects of different fire...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,731 Views
13 Pages

Community Abundance of Resprouting in Woody Plants Reflects Fire Return Time, Intensity, and Type

  • Yicheng Shen,
  • Wenjia Cai,
  • I. Colin Prentice and
  • Sandy P. Harrison

24 April 2023

Plants in fire-prone ecosystems have evolved a variety of mechanisms to resist or adapt to fire. Post-fire resprouting is a key adaptation that promotes rapid ecosystem recovery and hence has a major impact on the terrestrial carbon cycle. However, o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
37 Citations
6,480 Views
18 Pages

6 May 2021

Although low-intensity forest fires are a necessary part of healthy echo system, high-intensity forest fires continue to affect the diversity of forest ecosystems and species. Therefore, it is necessary to study the driving factors of forest fires an...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,380 Views
24 Pages

7 July 2020

The present work is devoted to the theoretical study of heat transfer in the enclosing structures of a wooden building exposed to the front of a forest fire. In the general case, the following effects could be distinguished: The direct effect of a fo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
10,071 Views
18 Pages

Wildfire Rates of Spread in Grasslands under Critical Burning Conditions

  • Miguel G. Cruz,
  • Martin E. Alexander and
  • Musa Kilinc

14 April 2022

An analysis of a dataset (n = 58) of high-intensity wildfire observations in cured grasslands from southern Australia revealed a simple relationship suitable for quickly obtaining a first approximation of a fire’s spread rate under low dead fue...

  • Review
  • Open Access
70 Citations
12,926 Views
23 Pages

The Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment—A Plan for Integrated, Large Fire–Atmosphere Field Campaigns

  • Susan Prichard,
  • N. Sim Larkin,
  • Roger Ottmar,
  • Nancy H.F. French,
  • Kirk Baker,
  • Tim Brown,
  • Craig Clements,
  • Matt Dickinson,
  • Andrew Hudak and
  • Adam Kochanski
  • + 7 authors

3 February 2019

The Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment (FASMEE) is designed to collect integrated observations from large wildland fires and provide evaluation datasets for new models and operational systems. Wildland fire, smoke dispersion, and atmospheric...

  • Article
  • Open Access
423 Views
19 Pages

Exploring the Variability in Rill Detachment Capacity as Influenced by Different Fire Intensities in a Semi-Arid Environment

  • Masoumeh Izadpanah Nashroodcoli,
  • Mahmoud Shabanpour,
  • Sepideh Abrishamkesh and
  • Misagh Parhizkar

2 July 2025

Wildfires, whether natural or human-caused, significantly alter soil properties and increase soil erosion susceptibility, particularly through changes in rill detachment capacity (Dc). This study aimed to evaluate the influence of fire intensity on k...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,090 Views
10 Pages

2 February 2023

This study examined the effects of commonly used oxidants in sedimentary macroscopic charcoal analysis on two sediment cores from Thirlmere Lakes National Park, Southeast Australia. The cores, from Lake Werri Berri (WB3) and Lake Couridjah (LC2), spa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,706 Views
17 Pages

2 January 2023

With global warming, catastrophic forest fires have frequently occurred in recent years, posing a major threat to forest resources and people. How to reduce forest fire risk is a hot topic in forest management. Concerns regarding fire suppression and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,139 Views
18 Pages

24 February 2023

Post-fire geomorphic processes and associated risks are an important threat in Mediterranean environments. Currently, post-fire mass movement prediction has limited applications across the Mediterranean despite the abundance of both forest fires and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,601 Views
33 Pages

Smoke Emissions and Buoyant Plumes above Prescribed Burns in the Pinelands National Reserve, New Jersey

  • Kenneth L. Clark,
  • Michael R. Gallagher,
  • Nicholas Skowronski,
  • Warren E. Heilman,
  • Joseph Charney,
  • Matthew Patterson,
  • Jason Cole,
  • Eric Mueller and
  • Rory Hadden

21 September 2024

Prescribed burning is a cost-effective method for reducing hazardous fuels in pine- and oak-dominated forests, but smoke emissions contribute to atmospheric pollutant loads, and the potential exists for exceeding federal air quality standards designe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,514 Views
19 Pages

15 December 2020

Wildfires burn 4–10 million acres annually across the United States and wildland fire related damages and suppression costs have exceeded $13 billion for a single year. High-intensity wildfires contribute to post-fire erosion, degraded wildlife...

  • Article
  • Open Access
496 Views
13 Pages

20 November 2025

The increasing frequency of extreme wildfire behavior globally, particularly under the influence of anthropogenic climate change, poses unprecedented challenges to traditional fire management paradigms. This study presents a comprehensive, multi-dime...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,654 Views
10 Pages

Using a Statistical Model to Estimate the Effect of Wildland Fire Smoke on Ground Level PM2.5 and Asthma in California, USA

  • Donald Schweizer,
  • Haiganoush Preisler,
  • Marcela Entwistle,
  • Hamed Gharibi and
  • Ricardo Cisneros

16 April 2023

Forest fire activity has been increasing in California. Satellite imagery data along with ground level measurements of PM2.5 have been previously used to determine the presence and level of smoke. In this study, emergency room visits for asthma are e...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,559 Views
13 Pages

Wildfires Improve Forest Growth Resilience to Drought

  • Jesús Julio Camarero,
  • Mercedes Guijarro,
  • Rafael Calama,
  • Cristina Valeriano,
  • Manuel Pizarro and
  • Javier Madrigal

17 April 2023

In seasonally dry forests, wildfires can reduce competition for soil water among trees and improve forest resilience to drought. We tested this idea by comparing tree-ring growth patterns of Pinus pinea stands subjected to two prescribed burning inte...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
6,870 Views
23 Pages

How Does Fire Suppression Alter the Wildfire Regime? A Systematic Review

  • Jiaying Hai,
  • Ling Zhang,
  • Cong Gao,
  • Han Wang and
  • Jiansheng Wu

6 November 2023

Fire suppression has become a fundamental approach for shaping contemporary wildfire regimes. However, a growing body of research suggests that aggressive fire suppression can increase high-intensity wildfires, creating the wildfire paradox. Whether...

  • Review
  • Open Access
36 Citations
9,155 Views
23 Pages

Stand-Level Fuel Reduction Treatments and Fire Behaviour in Canadian Boreal Conifer Forests

  • Jennifer L. Beverly,
  • Sonja E. R. Leverkus,
  • Hilary Cameron and
  • Dave Schroeder

27 July 2020

Stand-level fuel reduction treatments in the Canadian boreal zone are used predominantly in community protection settings to alter the natural structure of dominant boreal conifer stands such as black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP), jack pine (Pi...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
5,086 Views
16 Pages

Strategies for Improving Firefighter Health On-Shift: A Review

  • Kealey J. Wohlgemuth,
  • Michael J. Conner,
  • Grant M. Tinsley,
  • Ty B. Palmer and
  • Jacob A. Mota

The fire service suffers from high rates of cardiovascular disease and poor overall health, and firefighters often suffer fatal and non-fatal injuries while on the job. Most fatal injuries result from sudden cardiac death, while non-fatal injuries ar...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
8,677 Views
20 Pages

Collaborative Research on the Ecology and Management of the ‘Wulo’ Monsoon Rainforest in Wunambal Gaambera Country, North Kimberley, Australia

  • Tom Vigilante,
  • Stefania Ondei,
  • Catherine Goonack,
  • Desmond Williams,
  • Paul Young and
  • David M. J. S. Bowman

5 October 2017

Indigenous groups are increasingly combining traditional ecological knowledge and Western scientific approaches to inform the management of their lands. We report the outcomes of a collaborative research project focused on key ecological questions as...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,174 Views
20 Pages

Energy Recovery of Shrub Species as a Path to Reduce the Risk of Occurrence of Rural Fires: A Case Study in Serra da Estrela Natural Park (Portugal)

  • Leonel J. R. Nunes,
  • Mauro A. M. Raposo,
  • Catarina I. R. Meireles,
  • Carlos J. Pinto Gomes and
  • Nuno M. C. Almeida Ribeiro

30 June 2021

The accumulation of biomass fuels resulting from the growth of heliophilous shrubs and small tree species at the edge of forests and on scrub and pasture lands contributes to the increased risk of rural fires in Mediterranean climate regions. This si...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,035 Views
24 Pages

5 July 2022

Studying the early changes in post-fire vegetation communities may improve the overall resilience of forests. The necessity for doing so was demonstrated by the Bobcat Fire, which seriously threatened the central San Gabriel Mountains and the Angeles...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,573 Views
13 Pages

14 August 2025

In 2020, a high-intensity wildfire burned over 35,000 ha in the Santa Cruz Mountains of California, including over 1700 ha of old-growth coast redwood forest. This event created a unique opportunity to evaluate post-fire succession. We compared veget...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,511 Views
14 Pages

25 October 2024

Prescribed burns are a land management tool currently used to aid in fire mitigation and to promote desired plant species and reduce undesired species, which are often invasive species. Currently, there is a public stigma surrounding the negative eff...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,294 Views
19 Pages

24 March 2022

The need for fuel reduction treatments and the restoration of ecosystem resilience has become widespread in forest management given fuel accumulation across many forested landscapes and a growing risk of high-intensity wildfire. However, there has be...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
7,800 Views
15 Pages

Accessing the Life in Smoke: A New Application of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) to Sample Wildland Fire Bioaerosol Emissions and Their Environment

  • Leda N. Kobziar,
  • Melissa R. A. Pingree,
  • Adam C. Watts,
  • Kellen N. Nelson,
  • Tyler J. Dreaden and
  • Mary Ridout

25 November 2019

Wildland fire is a major producer of aerosols from combustion of vegetation and soils, but little is known about the abundance and composition of smoke’s biological content. Bioaerosols, or aerosols derived from biological sources, may be a sig...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,723 Views
20 Pages

The Effect of Microbial Degradation on the Combustibility and Potential Fire Behaviour of Pinus koraiensis Needles

  • Baozhong Li,
  • Mingyu Wang,
  • Jibin Ning,
  • Yunlin Zhang,
  • Guang Yang,
  • Lixuan Wang,
  • Daotong Geng,
  • Fei Wu and
  • Hongzhou Yu

12 July 2024

Flammable litter such as Pinus koraiensis needle accumulation increases the risk of wildfire. In the event of a high-intensity fire, forest resources can be severely damaged. To reduce the occurrence of forest fires, it is important to reduce loads a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,420 Views
21 Pages

Effects of Fire and Large Herbivores on Canopy Nitrogen in a Tallgrass Prairie

  • Bohua Ling,
  • Edward J. Raynor,
  • Douglas G. Goodin and
  • Anthony Joern

6 June 2019

This study analyzed the spatial heterogeneity of grassland canopy nitrogen in a tallgrass prairie with different treatments of fire and ungulate grazing (long-term bison grazing vs. recent cattle grazing). Variogram analysis was applied to continuous...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
6,369 Views
23 Pages

Forest Structure Drives Fuel Moisture Response across Alternative Forest States

  • Tegan P. Brown,
  • Assaf Inbar,
  • Thomas J. Duff,
  • Jamie Burton,
  • Philip J. Noske,
  • Patrick N. J. Lane and
  • Gary J. Sheridan

15 August 2021

Climate warming is expected to increase fire frequency in many productive obligate seeder forests, where repeated high-intensity fire can initiate stand conversion to alternative states with contrasting structure. These vegetation–fire interactions m...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
5,379 Views
16 Pages

Estimation of the Time-Varying High-Intensity Heat Flux for a Two-Layer Hollow Cylinder

  • Lihui Zhang,
  • Zhenzhen Chen,
  • Donghui Wen,
  • Xudong Wang,
  • Daqian Zhang and
  • Jun Liang

29 November 2018

Gun barrels are subjected to time-varying high-intensity heat flux under multiple firing, which may damage the material and limit the overall performance of the gun. In order to monitor the thermal state of a gun barrel, an inverse method coupling th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
7,504 Views
15 Pages

11 November 2018

Real-time monitoring of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) surgery is essential for safe and accurate treatment. However, ultrasound imaging is difficult to use for treatment monitoring during HIFU surgery because of the high intensity of the H...

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