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83 Results Found

  • Review
  • Open Access
114 Citations
9,323 Views
21 Pages

Graphene-Based Materials as Efficient Photocatalysts for Water Splitting

  • Josep Albero,
  • Diego Mateo and
  • Hermenegildo García

Photocatalysis has been proposed as one of the most promising approaches for solar fuel production. Among the photocatalysts studied for water splitting, graphene and related materials have recently emerged as attractive candidates due to their strik...

  • Review
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,560 Views
48 Pages

Recent Advances in Graphene-Based Single-Atom Photocatalysts for CO2 Reduction and H2 Production

  • Muhammad Yasir Akram,
  • Tuba Ashraf,
  • Muhammad Saqaf Jagirani,
  • Ahsan Nazir,
  • Muhammad Saqib and
  • Muhammad Imran

24 May 2024

The extensive use of single-atom catalysts (SACs) has appeared as a significant area of investigation in contemporary study. The single-atom catalyst, characterized by its maximum atomic proficiency and great discernment of the transition-metal cente...

  • Review
  • Open Access
24 Citations
4,855 Views
28 Pages

Novel Structures and Applications of Graphene-Based Semiconductor Photocatalysts: Faceted Particles, Photonic Crystals, Antimicrobial and Magnetic Properties

  • Marcin Janczarek,
  • Maya Endo-Kimura,
  • Zhishun Wei,
  • Zuzanna Bielan,
  • Tharishinny R. Mogan,
  • Tamer M. Khedr,
  • Kunlei Wang,
  • Agata Markowska-Szczupak and
  • Ewa Kowalska

24 February 2021

Graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide and their composites with various compounds/materials have high potential for substantial impact as cheap photocatalysts, which is essential to meet the demands of global activity, offering the advanta...

  • Review
  • Open Access
155 Citations
9,695 Views
24 Pages

Advances and Challenges in Developing Efficient Graphene Oxide-Based ZnO Photocatalysts for Dye Photo-Oxidation

  • Asim Ali Yaqoob,
  • Nur Habibah binti Mohd Noor,
  • Albert Serrà and
  • Mohamad Nasir Mohamad Ibrahim

The efficient remediation of organic dyes from wastewater is increasingly valuable in water treatment technology, largely owing to the tons of hazardous chemicals currently and constantly released into rivers and seas from various industries, includi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
1,917 Views
15 Pages

10 March 2023

Pharmaceuticals, especially amine-based pharmaceuticals, such as nizatidine and ranitidine, contaminate water and resist water treatment. Here, different amounts of graphene sheets are coupled with g-C3N4 nanosheets (wt% ratio of 0.5, 1, 3 and 5 wt%...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,086 Views
14 Pages

22 December 2022

Novel visible-light photocatalyst (titanium-dioxide-functionalized graphene/strontium-hexaferrites) TiO2-FG/Sr-hexaferrite nanocomposites were fabricated using a simple hydrothermal technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron...

  • Review
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,183 Views
32 Pages

29 September 2024

Converting solar energy into fuels/chemicals through photochemical approaches holds significant promise for addressing global energy demands. Currently, semiconductor photocatalysis combined with redox techniques has been intensively researched in po...

  • Review
  • Open Access
49 Citations
7,171 Views
33 Pages

A Review on the Progress and Future of TiO2/Graphene Photocatalysts

  • Amara Nasir,
  • Sadia Khalid,
  • Tariq Yasin and
  • Anca Mazare

27 August 2022

TiO2 is seen as a low cost, well-known photocatalyst; nevertheless, its sluggish charge kinetics does limit its applications. To overcome this aspect, one of the recent approaches is the use of its composites with graphene to enhance its photoactivit...

  • Review
  • Open Access
61 Citations
6,528 Views
25 Pages

Effective Strategies, Mechanisms, and Photocatalytic Efficiency of Semiconductor Nanomaterials Incorporating rGO for Environmental Contaminant Degradation

  • Noor Haida Mohd Kaus,
  • Ahmad Fadhil Rithwan,
  • Rohana Adnan,
  • Mohd Lokman Ibrahim,
  • Sirikanjana Thongmee and
  • Siti Fairus Mohd Yusoff

25 February 2021

The water pollution problems severely affect the natural water resources due to the large disposal of dyes, heavy metals, antibiotics, and pesticides. Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) have been developed using semiconductor nanomaterials as photoca...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
3,863 Views
15 Pages

Highly Selective Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots/Eriochrome Cyanine Composite Photocatalyst for NADH Regeneration and Coupling of Benzylamine in Aerobic Condition under Solar Light

  • Ruchi Singh,
  • Rajesh K. Yadav,
  • Ravindra K. Shukla,
  • Satyam Singh,
  • Atul P. Singh,
  • Dilip K. Dwivedi,
  • Ahmad Umar and
  • Navneet K. Gupta

14 January 2023

Photocatalysis is an ecofriendly and sustainable pathway for utilizing solar energy to convert organic molecules. In this context, using solar light responsive graphene-based materials for C–N bond activation and coenzyme regeneration (nicotina...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,273 Views
12 Pages

Constructing Heterogeneous Photocatalysts Based on Carbon Nitride Nanosheets and Graphene Quantum Dots for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation

  • Yong Wang,
  • Chengxin Zeng,
  • Yichen Liu,
  • Dingyi Yang,
  • Yu Zhang,
  • Zewei Ren,
  • Qikun Li,
  • Jian Hao,
  • Wen Hu and
  • Yizhang Wu
  • + 1 author

5 August 2022

Although graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (CNs) with atomic thickness are considered as promising materials for hydrogen production, the wide band gap (3.06 eV) and rapid recombination of the photogenerated electron–hole pairs impede their a...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
144 Citations
13,952 Views
34 Pages

16 October 2017

Synthetic dyes are widely used in textile, paper, food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. During industrial processes, some of these dyes are released into the wastewater and their successive release into rivers and lakes produces serious envi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,887 Views
10 Pages

18 August 2021

While reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is used widely as a catalyst, its catalytic activity can be improved significantly by modifying it with a metal. In this study, we compared the photocatalytic and catalytic properties of base-treated rGO particles a...

  • Review
  • Open Access
16 Citations
5,232 Views
20 Pages

Tunable Quantum Photoinitiators for Radical Photopolymerization

  • Shubhangi Shukla,
  • Prem C. Pandey and
  • Roger J. Narayan

12 August 2021

This review describes the use of nanocrystal-based photocatalysts as quantum photoinitiators, including semiconductor nanocrystals (e.g., metal oxides, metal sulfides, quantum dots), carbon dots, graphene-based nanohybrids, plasmonic nanocomposites w...

  • Review
  • Open Access
33 Citations
10,951 Views
32 Pages

Graphene Nanocomposite Membranes: Fabrication and Water Treatment Applications

  • Gorkem Memisoglu,
  • Raghavan Chinnambedu Murugesan,
  • Joseba Zubia and
  • Aleksey G. Rozhin

22 January 2023

Graphene, a two-dimensional hexagonal honeycomb carbon structure, is widely used in membrane technologies thanks to its unique optical, electrical, mechanical, thermal, chemical and photoelectric properties. The light weight, mechanical strength, ant...

  • Review
  • Open Access
55 Citations
4,993 Views
27 Pages

Applications of Heterogeneous Photocatalysis to the Degradation of Oxytetracycline in Water: A Review

  • Renato Pelosato,
  • Isabella Bolognino,
  • Francesca Fontana and
  • Isabella Natali Sora

24 April 2022

Photocatalytic processes are being studied extensively as potential advanced wastewater treatments for the removal of pharmaceuticals, pesticides and other recalcitrant micropollutants from the effluents of conventional wastewater treatment plants (W...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,838 Views
18 Pages

Photocatalytic Lithography

  • Guido Panzarasa and
  • Guido Soliveri

27 March 2019

Patterning, the controlled formation of ordered surface features with different physico-chemical properties, is a cornerstone of contemporary micro- and nanofabrication. In this context, lithographic approaches owe their wide success to their versati...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,781 Views
33 Pages

Graphene and Cerium Oxide Nanocomposites: Pioneering Photocatalysts for Organic Dye Degradation from Wastewater

  • Lakshita Phor,
  • Rinku Kumar,
  • Virat Khanna,
  • Soumya V. Menon,
  • Amanvir Singh,
  • Milan Singh,
  • Amanpreet Singh,
  • Jaideep Malik and
  • Surjeet Chahal

2 March 2025

The pressing need to enhance the efficiency of wastewater treatment is underscored by the significant threat that water pollution poses to human health and environmental stability. Among current remediation techniques, photocatalysis has emerged as a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
6,025 Views
27 Pages

Development and Biocompatibility Evaluation of Photocatalytic TiO2/Reduced Graphene Oxide-Based Nanoparticles Designed for Self-Cleaning Purposes

  • Ionela Cristina Nica,
  • Miruna S. Stan,
  • Marcela Popa,
  • Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc,
  • Gratiela G. Pircalabioru,
  • Veronica Lazar,
  • Iuliana Dumitrescu,
  • Lucian Diamandescu,
  • Marcel Feder and
  • Mihaela Baibarac
  • + 4 authors

19 September 2017

Graphene is widely used in nanotechnologies to amplify the photocatalytic activity of TiO2, but the development of TiO2/graphene composites imposes the assessment of their risk to human and environmental health. Therefore, reduced graphene oxide was...

  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
5,013 Views
13 Pages

Immobilized rGO/TiO2 Photocatalyst for Decontamination of Water

  • Radek Zouzelka,
  • Monika Remzova,
  • Jan Plsek,
  • Libor Brabec and
  • Jiri Rathousky

23 August 2019

The preparation of immobilized graphene-based photocatalyst layers is highly desired for environmental applications. In this study, the preparation of an immobilized reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/TiO2 composite by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) was...

  • Article
  • Open Access
64 Citations
6,344 Views
15 Pages

Graphene-Based TiO2 Nanocomposite for Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes in Aqueous Solution under Solar-Like Radiation

  • Martina Kocijan,
  • Lidija Ćurković,
  • Davor Ljubas,
  • Katarina Mužina,
  • Ivana Bačić,
  • Tina Radošević,
  • Matejka Podlogar,
  • Igor Bdikin,
  • Gonzalo Otero-Irurueta and
  • María J. Hortigüela
  • + 1 author

27 April 2021

This study presents a novel method for the development of TiO2/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites for photocatalytic degradation of dyes in an aqueous solution. The synergistic integration of rGO and TiO2, through the formation of Ti–O–C bon...

  • Review
  • Open Access
155 Citations
12,654 Views
27 Pages

Graphene Modified TiO2 Composite Photocatalysts: Mechanism, Progress and Perspective

  • Bo Tang,
  • Haiqun Chen,
  • Haoping Peng,
  • Zhengwei Wang and
  • Weiqiu Huang

12 February 2018

Graphene modified TiO2 composite photocatalysts have drawn increasing attention because of their high performance. Some significant advancements have been achieved with the continuous research, such as the corresponding photocatalytic mechanism that...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,982 Views
12 Pages

16 December 2021

In an attempt to improve the photocatalytic activity of anatase TiO2, we developed a composite photocatalyst composed of hollow TiO2 microspheres (hTS) and graphene. The hTS were prepared through a two-step hydrothermal process, where SiO2 microspher...

  • Review
  • Open Access
35 Citations
4,706 Views
19 Pages

The Potential of rGO@TiO2 Photocatalyst for the Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Water

  • Martina Kocijan,
  • Lidija Ćurković,
  • Gil Gonçalves and
  • Matejka Podlogar

6 October 2022

The availability of clean water is essential for humans wellbeing and the diverse biotic population in the environment. Menkind imposes a significant pressure on food supplies, natural resources, and other commodities. Large-scale anthropogenic activ...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,685 Views
35 Pages

12 February 2025

This study provides a systematic review of photocatalytic fiber coating technology as a potential solution to challenges in the textile industry. An analysis of recent research (2020–2024) reveals significant developments in materials and metho...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
3,478 Views
15 Pages

Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production of the Polyoxoniobate Modified with RGO and PPy

  • Shiliang Heng,
  • Lei Li,
  • Weiwei Li,
  • Haiyan Li,
  • Jingyu Pang,
  • Mengzhen Zhang,
  • Yan Bai and
  • Dongbin Dang

7 December 2020

The development of high-efficiency, recyclable, and inexpensive photocatalysts for water splitting for hydrogen production is of great significance to the application of solar energy. Herein, a series of graphene-decorated polyoxoniobate photocatalys...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,586 Views
13 Pages

5 November 2024

Photocatalytic degradation of pollutants have a high potential for sustainable and renewable uses. TiO2 is a widely studied photocatalyst due to its high chemical and photochemical stability and wide range of applications. However, the wide band gap...

  • Review
  • Open Access
38 Citations
6,233 Views
31 Pages

An Insight into Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Photocatalytic Water Splitting for Green Hydrogen Production

  • Muhammad Asghar Rasool,
  • Rabia Sattar,
  • Ayesha Anum,
  • Sami A. Al-Hussain,
  • Sajjad Ahmad,
  • Ali Irfan and
  • Magdi E. A. Zaki

29 December 2022

At present, the energy shortage and environmental pollution are the burning global issues. For centuries, fossil fuels have been used to meet worldwide energy demand. However, thousands of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere whe...

  • Review
  • Open Access
33 Citations
4,970 Views
21 Pages

17 August 2022

Photocatalysis is a promising route to utilize sunlight, which has been potentially used to solve energy as well as environmental problems with an emphasis on fundamental understanding and technological applications in society. Semiconductors are exc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
954 Views
17 Pages

Design and Properties of Titanium Dioxide/Graphene Oxide Composites Exploitable in Wastewater Treatments

  • Simona Ortelli,
  • Lara Faccani,
  • Enrico Ercolani,
  • Ilaria Zanoni,
  • Chiara Artusi,
  • Magda Blosi,
  • Stefania Albonetti and
  • Anna Luisa Costa

17 June 2025

Water is one of the necessities for human survival, and clean water is essential for life. As a result, there is an increasing focus on efficient wastewater treatment methods, including advanced oxidation processes using innovative heterogeneous phot...

  • Review
  • Open Access
128 Citations
7,385 Views
26 Pages

13 June 2019

Photocatalytic processes based on various semiconductors have been widely utilized in different applications, with great potential for use in environmental pollution remediation and sustainable energy generation. However, critical issues, including l...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,906 Views
16 Pages

Photoreduction of CO2 into CH4 Using Novel Composite of Triangular Silver Nanoplates on Graphene-BiVO4

  • Zhen Zhu,
  • Bo-Xun Jiang,
  • Ren-Jang Wu,
  • Cheng-Liang Huang and
  • You Chang

7 July 2022

Plasmonic photocatalysis, combing noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs) with semiconductors, has been widely studied and proven to perform better than pure semiconductors. The plasmonic effects are mainly based on the localized surface plasmon resonance...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
3,873 Views
19 Pages

One-Pot Synthesis of TiO2-rGO Photocatalysts for the Degradation of Groundwater Pollutants

  • Stefano Andrea Balsamo,
  • Roberto Fiorenza,
  • Marcello Condorelli,
  • Roberta Pecoraro,
  • Maria Violetta Brundo,
  • Francesca Lo Presti and
  • Salvatore Sciré

10 October 2021

A non-conventional approach to prepare titanium dioxide-reduced graphene oxide (TiO2-rGO) nanocomposites based on solar photoreduction is here presented. The standard hydro-solvothermal synthesis of the TiO2-rGO composites requires high temperatures...

  • Review
  • Open Access
125 Citations
15,056 Views
30 Pages

20 January 2020

In the 21st century, the development of sustainable energy and advanced technologies to cope with energy shortages and environmental pollution has become vital. Semiconductor photocatalysis is a promising technology that can directly convert solar en...

  • Review
  • Open Access
56 Citations
7,437 Views
25 Pages

Photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to useful products is an alluring approach for acquiring the two-fold benefits of normalizing excess atmospheric CO2 levels and the production of solar chemicals/fuels. Therefore, photocatalytic materials are continuo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,276 Views
16 Pages

25 August 2022

Industrialization and urbanization have resulted in large volumes of municipal wastewater containing abundant refractory humic acid (HA), which is difficult to biodegrade with carcinogenic byproducts and has posed a great threat to human health. Phot...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,414 Views
9 Pages

Hybrid Density Functional Study on the Photocatalytic Properties of Two-dimensional g-ZnO Based Heterostructures

  • Guangzhao Wang,
  • Dengfeng Li,
  • Qilong Sun,
  • Suihu Dang,
  • Mingmin Zhong,
  • Shuyuan Xiao and
  • Guoshuai Liu

In this work, graphene-like ZnO (g-ZnO)-based two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures (ZnO/WS2 and ZnO/WSe2) were designed as water-splitting photocatalysts based on the hybrid density functional. The dependence of photocatalytic properties on the rota...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,204 Views
10 Pages

15 July 2020

A novel heterostructure consisting of Ru and Cu co-doped ZnS nanopowders (RCZS) into a MoS2-graphene hybrid (MSG) is successfully prepared by the microwave-assisted solvothermal approach. RCZS nanopowders are fabricated on the surface of MSG, which p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,075 Views
16 Pages

High Selectivity Fuel from Efficient CO2 Conversion by Zn-Modified rGO and Amine-Functionalized CuO as a Photocatalyst

  • Retno Damastuti,
  • Diah Susanti,
  • Adhimoorthy Prasannan,
  • Wesley Wei-Wen Hsiao and
  • Po-Da Hong

11 June 2023

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been used in copper (II) oxide (CuO)-based photocatalysts as an additive material. An application of this CuO-based photocatalyst is in the CO2 reduction process. The preparation of rGO by a Zn-modified Hummers’...

  • Review
  • Open Access
38 Citations
5,928 Views
16 Pages

16 October 2022

These days, explorations have focused on designing two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials with useful (photo)catalytic and environmental applications. Among them, MXene-based composites have garnered great attention owing to their unique optical, mechani...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,788 Views
16 Pages

Ion-Mediated Self-Assembly of Graphene Oxide and Functionalized Perylene Diimides into Hybrid Materials with Photocatalytic Properties

  • Maksim Sokolov,
  • Alsu Nugmanova,
  • Andrey Shkolin,
  • Alexandra Zvyagina,
  • Ivan Senchikhin and
  • Maria Kalinina

A novel ion-mediated self-assembly method was applied for integration of graphene oxide (GO), propanoic- and glutaric-substituted perylenes (glu-PDI and PA-PDI), and Zn (OAc)2 into new hybrid materials with photocatalytic properties. The structuring...

  • Review
  • Open Access
25 Citations
5,012 Views
46 Pages

Recent Progress on Tailoring the Biomass-Derived Cellulose Hybrid Composite Photocatalysts

  • Yi Ding Chai,
  • Yean Ling Pang,
  • Steven Lim,
  • Woon Chan Chong,
  • Chin Wei Lai and
  • Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah

1 December 2022

Biomass-derived cellulose hybrid composite materials are promising for application in the field of photocatalysis due to their excellent properties. The excellent properties between biomass-derived cellulose and photocatalyst materials was induced by...

  • Review
  • Open Access
120 Citations
13,978 Views
45 Pages

24 October 2018

The use of titanium dioxide, TiO2 as a photocatalyst in water decontamination has witnessed continuous interest due to its efficiency, stability, low toxicity and cost-effectiveness. TiO2 use is limited by its large band gap energy leading to light a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,109 Views
13 Pages

ZnO NRs/rGO Photocatalyst in a Polymer-Based Microfluidic Platform

  • Aini Ayunni Mohd Raub,
  • Ida Hamidah,
  • Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto,
  • Jaenudin Ridwan,
  • Mohd Ambri Mohamed,
  • Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong and
  • Jumril Yunas

31 March 2023

This paper reports the development of ZnO NRs/rGO-based photocatalysts integrated into a tree-branched polymer-based microfluidic reactor for efficient photodegradation of water contaminants. The reactor system includes a photocatalytic reactor, tree...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,105 Views
16 Pages

Morphology Controlled Deposition of Vanadium Oxide (VOx) Nanoparticles on the Surface of Highly Reduced Graphene Oxide for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Hazardous Organic Dyes

  • Mohammed Rafi Shaik,
  • Fatimah N. Aldhuwayhi,
  • Amal Mohammed Al-Mohaimeed,
  • Mohammad Rafe Hatshan,
  • Mufsir Kuniyil,
  • Syed Farooq Adil and
  • Mujeeb Khan

21 September 2023

Semiconducting nanomaterials based heterogeneous photocatalysis represent a low-cost, versatile technique for environmental remediation, including pollution mitigation, energy management and other environmental aspects. Herein, we demonstrate the syn...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
6,895 Views
21 Pages

Development of Graphene Nano-Platelet Based Counter Electrodes for Solar Cells

  • Iftikhar Ahmad,
  • Joseph E. McCarthy,
  • Alexander Baranov and
  • Yurii K. Gun'ko

7 September 2015

Graphene has been envisaged as a highly promising material for various field emission devices, supercapacitors, photocatalysts, sensors, electroanalytical systems, fuel cells and photovoltaics. The main goal of our work is to develop new Pt and trans...

  • Review
  • Open Access
38 Citations
5,155 Views
25 Pages

Recent Advances in Carbon-Based Materials for Adsorptive and Photocatalytic Antibiotic Removal

  • Raner Ma,
  • Yinghao Xue,
  • Qian Ma,
  • Yanyan Chen,
  • Shiyin Yuan and
  • Jianwei Fan

17 November 2022

Antibiotics have been a primary environmental concern due to their widespread dispersion, harmful bioaccumulation, and resistance to mineralization. Unfortunately, typical processes in wastewater treatment plants are insufficient for complete antibio...

  • Review
  • Open Access
41 Citations
4,486 Views
25 Pages

Sensor to Electronics Applications of Graphene Oxide through AZO Grafting

  • Suresh Sagadevan,
  • Md Zillur Rahman,
  • Estelle Léonard,
  • Dusan Losic and
  • Volker Hessel

24 February 2023

Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) material with a single atomic crystal structure of carbon that has the potential to create next-generation devices for photonic, optoelectronic, thermoelectric, sensing, wearable electronics, etc., owing to its exce...

  • Article
  • Open Access
160 Citations
9,159 Views
14 Pages

Self-Assembled AgNP-Containing Nanocomposites Constructed by Electrospinning as Efficient Dye Photocatalyst Materials for Wastewater Treatment

  • Yamei Liu,
  • Caili Hou,
  • Tifeng Jiao,
  • Jingwen Song,
  • Xu Zhang,
  • Ruirui Xing,
  • Jingxin Zhou,
  • Lexin Zhang and
  • Qiuming Peng

10 January 2018

The design and self-assembly of graphene oxide (GO)-based composite membranes have attracted enormous attention due to their wide application in nanomaterial and environmental fields. In this work, we have successfully developed a strategy to fabrica...

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