32 Results Found

The human papillomavirus (HPV) 58 is considered to be the second most predominant genotype in cervical cancer incidents in China. HPV type-restriction, non-targeted delivery, and the highcost of existing vaccines necessitate continuing research on th...

Background: Chromobacterium violaceum is an emerging multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterium associated with severe septicemia, abscess formation, and high mortality, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Increasing antimicrobial r...

The swift emergence of antibiotic resistance (AR) in bacterial pathogens to make themselves adaptable to changing environments has become an alarming health issue. To prevent AR infection, many ways can be accomplished such as by decreasing the misus...

Dengue virus belonging to the family Flaviviridae and its four serotypes are responsible for dengue infections, which extend over 60 countries in tropical and subtropical areas of the world including Pakistan. During the ongoing dengue outbreak in Pa...

Mycoplasma hyorhinis (M. hyorhinis) is responsible for infections in the swine population. Such infections are usually cured by using antimicrobials and lead to develop resistance. Until now, there has been no effective vaccine to eradicate the disea...

The emergence of novel viral infections of zoonotic origin and mutations of existing human pathogenic viruses represent a serious concern for public health. It warrants the establishment of better interventions and protective therapies to combat the...

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, representing the second leading cause of death by an infectious agent worldwide. The available vaccine against this disease has insufficient coverage and variable efficacy, accounting fo...

mRNA vaccines are a new class of vaccine that can induce potent and specific immune responses against various pathogens. However, the design of mRNA vaccines requires the identification and optimization of suitable antigens, which can be challenging...

DNA vaccination represents a new milestone in our technological efforts to avoid infectious diseases. Although this method of vaccination has had success in providing protection in animals, these vaccines suffer from low immunogenicity in humans. Que...

Reverse vaccinology is a powerful tool that was recently used to develop vaccines starting from a pathogen genome. Some bacterial infections have the necessity to be prevented then treated. For example, individuals with chronic pulmonary diseases, su...

The methods utilized in the drug discovery pipeline routinely combine machine learning and deep learning algorithms to enhance the outputs. The generation of a drug target, through virtual screening and computational analysis of databases used for ta...

Emerging respiratory dimorphic fungi, including Coccidioides, pose a growing public health threat due to their ability to cause severe disease and the limited therapeutic options. A growing gap exists between rapidly expanding computational data and...

Reverse vaccinology (RV) is a computer-aided approach for vaccine development that identifies a subset of pathogen proteins as protective antigens (PAgs) or potential vaccine candidates. Machine learning (ML)-based RV is promising, but requires a dat...

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the main types of vaccines approaching production technology, regulatory parameters, and the quality control of vaccines. Bioinformatic tools and computational strategies have been used in the research an...

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death of any single infectious agent, having led to 1.4 million deaths in 2019 alone. Moreover, an estimated one-quarter of the global population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), pr...

Due to significant advances in computational biology, protein prediction, together with antigen and epitope design, have rapidly moved from conventional methods, based on experimental approaches, to in silico-based bioinformatics methods. In this con...

Leishmaniasis is a wide-spectrum disease caused by parasites from Leishmania genus. There is no human vaccine available and it is considered by many studies as apotential effective tool for disease control. To discover novel antigens, computational p...

Background: Norovirus GII.4 is a major global health threat, yet no licensed vaccines exist due to the virus’s rapid evolution and high mutation rates. Objective: To rationally design and experimentally validate multi-epitope vaccine candidates...

Recent outbreaks caused by hMPXV, especially hMPXV lineages/sub-lineages, represent public health threats necessitating stringent prophylactic measures to ameliorate their colossal impact. The current study annotated the EEV form of hMPXV’s tar...

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic gram-negative bacterium that causes nosocomial infection in healthcare settings. Despite the high morbidity and mortality rate associated with these bacterial infections, no effective vaccine is available to...

Klebsiella is a genus of nosocomial bacterial pathogens and is placed in the most critical list of World Health Organization (WHO) for development of novel therapeutics. The pathogens of the genus are associated with high mortality and morbidity. Owi...

Reverse vaccinology or immunoinformatics is a computational methodology which integrates data from in silico epitope prediction, associated to other important information as, for example, the predicted subcellular location of the proteins used in the...

Vaccination is the most successful and cost-effective method to prevent infectious diseases. However, many vaccine antigens have poor in vivo immunogenic potential and need adjuvants to enhance immune response. The application of systems biology to i...

Enterococcus species are an emerging group of bacterial pathogens that have a significant role in hospital-associated infections and are associated with higher mortality and morbidity rates. Among these pathogens, Enterococcus mundtii is one of the c...

Salmonellosis remains a persistent threat to global food safety and poultry productivity, compounded by rising antimicrobial resistance. Here, we report the in silico design and immunoinformatic validation of a broad-spectrum, edible multi-epitope va...

Vandammella animalimorsus is a Gram-negative and non-motile bacterium typically transmitted to humans through direct contact with the saliva of infected animals, primarily through biting, scratches, or licks on fractured skin. The absence of a confir...

Background/Objectives: Brucella is a major global One Health threat, causing an estimated 2.1 million human infections and substantial livestock losses annually, with no vaccine currently available for humans, underscoring the urgent need for a safe...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) vaccines are designed to prevent infection, prevent reactivation of latent infection, and/or provide adjuvant therapy to standard TB treatment for active Mtb. Emerging vaccine technologies include reverse vaccinology,...

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major viral threat to swine, causing significant economic loss in the global pig farming industry. This virus includes two major genotypes, PRRSV1 and PRRSV2, both characterized by high...

Despite the seriousness of the disease carried by ticks, little is known about the Bourbon virus. Only three US states have recorded human cases of Bourbon virus (BRBV) infection; in all cases, a tick bite was connected with the onset of the illness....

Background: hMPXV poses a major public health risk due to its human-to-human transmissibility, severe complications, especially in immunocompromised individuals, and global spread, necessitating effective surveillance and stringent prophylactic measu...

The ongoing antibiotic-resistance crisis is becoming a global problem affecting public health. Urgent efforts are required to design novel therapeutics against pathogenic bacterial species. Brucella melitensis is an etiological agent of brucellosis,...