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  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
925 Views
16 Pages

11 April 2025

The present study aims to determine the concentrations and forms of Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn), Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), and Arsenic (As) in water and sediments of the Xutuan mining area. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and ecological ris...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,840 Views
29 Pages

25 October 2024

To evaluate the pollution sources and dynamics of the upper reaches of the Tarim River, 10 typical sampling points were selected, and 23 water quality parameters from 2020 to 2022 were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, the comprehensive Wa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
5,760 Views
17 Pages

3 December 2021

This study evaluated the spatiotemporal variability of water quality in the Han River Basin (HRB) as well as the contributions of potential pollution sources using multivariate statistical and absolute principal component score-multiple linear regres...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,676 Views
20 Pages

10 May 2024

Identifying the potential pollution sources of surface water pollutants is essential for the management and protection of regional water environments in drinking water source areas. In this study, absolute principal component score-multiple linear re...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,516 Views
14 Pages

Assessment of Groundwater Quality Using APCS-MLR Model: A Case Study in the Pilot Promoter Region of Yangtze River Delta Integration Demonstration Zone, China

  • Zi Chen,
  • Quanping Zhou,
  • Jinsong Lv,
  • Yuehua Jiang,
  • Hai Yang,
  • Hui Yang,
  • Shijia Mei,
  • Zhengyang Jia,
  • Hong Zhang and
  • Rujia Shen
  • + 2 authors

4 January 2023

Groundwater contaminant source identification is an endeavor task in highly developed areas that have been impacted by diverse natural processes and anthropogenic activities. In this study, groundwater samples from 84 wells in the pilot promoter regi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
5,236 Views
19 Pages

3 March 2022

Reliable water quality monitoring data, identifying potential pollution sources, and quantifying the corresponding potential pollution source apportionment are essential for future water resource management and pollution control. Here, we collected w...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,792 Views
19 Pages

1 December 2024

To investigate the contamination status and analyze the sources of soil toxic metal contamination on the northern slopes of the East Tianshan mountain industrial belt in Xinjiang, northwest China, this study measured the contents of six common toxic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
54 Citations
4,275 Views
18 Pages

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Groundwater of Hainan Island Using the Monte Carlo Simulation Coupled with the APCS/MLR Model

  • Huanhuan Shi,
  • Min Zeng,
  • Hongxia Peng,
  • Changsheng Huang,
  • Huimin Sun,
  • Qingqin Hou and
  • Pengcheng Pi

Groundwater is a significant component of water resources, but drinking groundwater with excessive heavy metals (HMs) is harmful to human health. Currently, quantitative source apportionment and probabilistic health risk assessment of HMs in groundwa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,515 Views
16 Pages

Ecological Risk Assessment and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soil in Yangchun City Based on APCS-MLR and Geostatistics

  • Yingyuting Li,
  • Yili Zhang,
  • Junyu Chen,
  • Guangfei Yang,
  • Haihui Li,
  • Jinjin Wang and
  • Wenyan Li

15 February 2024

Yangchun City, a typical polymetallic ore distribution area in Guangdong Province (China), was selected as the research region to study the content, distribution, source, and possible impacts of heavy metals (HMs) (Arsenic: As; Cadmium: Cd; Chromium:...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,975 Views
13 Pages

31 December 2023

Long-term coal mining activities have led to severe heavy metal pollution in the soil environment of coal mining areas, posing significant threats to both ecological environments and human health. In this study, surface soil samples were collected fr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
222 Views
23 Pages

26 January 2026

Groundwater, a critical resource for regional water security and public health, faces escalating threats from heavy metal contamination—a pressing environmental challenge worldwide. This study focuses on the central-south Hunan region of China,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
851 Views
15 Pages

Source Apportionment of Soil Heavy Metals in Urban Agglomerations Based on the APCS-MLR Model

  • Yanjie Zhang,
  • Yunxia Wang,
  • Yuan Zhang,
  • Xinmiao Wang,
  • Min Li and
  • Lei Yang

3 November 2025

In order to study the differential characteristics of heavy metal contamination levels and their sources in soils under various land use types and anthropogenic activities at a regional scale, this study focused on the Beijing–Tianjin–Heb...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
3,070 Views
14 Pages

Source Apportionment and Model Applicability of Heavy Metal Pollution in Farmland Soil Based on Three Receptor Models

  • Jiawei Ma,
  • Kaining Lanwang,
  • Shiyan Liao,
  • Bin Zhong,
  • Zhenhua Chen,
  • Zhengqian Ye and
  • Dan Liu

13 March 2023

The identification of the source of heavy metal pollution and its quantification are the prerequisite of soil pollution control. The APCS-MLR, UNMIX and PMF models were employed to apportion pollution sources of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni of the farml...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,226 Views
16 Pages

18 February 2024

Source apportionment and risk assessment are critical for making effective pollution prevention and control policies. The study was carried out to assess source-specific ecological and human health risks associated with heavy metals in farmland soils...

  • Article
  • Open Access
593 Views
19 Pages

Assessment of Groundwater Environmental Quality and Analysis of the Sources of Hydrochemical Components in the Nansi Lake, China

  • Beibei Yan,
  • Xiaofang Lv,
  • Tao Wang,
  • Min Wang,
  • Ruilin Zhang,
  • Chengyuan Song,
  • Xinyi Shen and
  • Hengyi Zhao

28 November 2025

Groundwater in the Nansi Lake Basin, a key reservoir of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, supports domestic, agricultural, and ecological needs but faces pressure from overexploitation and pollution. This study clarifies the hydrochemical c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,720 Views
15 Pages

12 March 2021

Spatial variability and source apportionment of river pollution flowing into the Bohai Sea are of great significance to the pollution liability and development of control strategies to reduce the terrestrial discharge of pollution in the ocean. In th...

  • Review
  • Open Access
814 Views
19 Pages

30 June 2025

In this paper, water quality samples were collected from 215 sampling sites in Huaibin County, Xinyang District, Huaihe River Basin, in May 2024, and 11 key indicators of groundwater quality were analyzed. On the basis of hydrochemical statistics and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
726 Views
23 Pages

15 October 2025

Heavy metals constitute a group of toxic environmental contaminants with complex and varied origins. This study provides a comprehensive framework for deciphering soil heavy metal pollution in rapidly developing regions. The geochemical baselines, po...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,387 Views
16 Pages

Source Apportionment of Heavy Metals in Wet Deposition in a Typical Industry City Based on Multiple Models

  • Haixia Zhang,
  • Zefei Zhao,
  • Angzu Cai,
  • Bo Liu,
  • Xia Wang,
  • Rui Li,
  • Qing Wang and
  • Hui Zhao

19 October 2022

Handan city as a transportation hub in North China, air quality ranks at the bottom all year round, causing environmental pollution that has aroused widespread concern. In order to explore the pollution characteristics and main sources of heavy metal...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,486 Views
20 Pages

21 April 2025

Tianjin is a typical industrialized city of 13.64 million people, and the urbanization rate is 85.49%. The risk of heavy metals in the soils of the typical agricultural land around Tianjin poses a significant challenge to the sustainability of the ec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
815 Views
15 Pages

14 July 2025

As China’s primary grain-producing area, the Luxi Plain is rich in groundwater resources, which serves as the main water supply source in this region. Investigating the evolution of hydrochemical characteristics and influencing factors of groun...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,070 Views
24 Pages

Evaluation and Source Analysis of Plant Heavy Metal Pollution in Kalamaili Mountain Nature Reserve

  • Jialin Li,
  • Abdugheni Abliz,
  • Buasi Nueraihemaiti,
  • Dongping Guo and
  • Xianhe Liu

19 May 2025

Plants serve as vital components of ecosystems, with their contamination status acting as sensitive indicators of environmental pollution. Therefore, the precise assessment of plant heavy metal contamination and source identification are crucial for...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,646 Views
16 Pages

30 January 2023

To ensure the ecological security of the basin, data on the heavy metal content in the sediments of the Weihe River Basin were collected to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals based on descriptive statistics and geostatis...

  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
3,948 Views
15 Pages

Tailings resulting from mining and smelting activities may cause soil heavy-metal pollution and harm human health. To evaluate the environmental impact of heavy metals from tailings on farmland soils in the surrounding area, heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,022 Views
23 Pages

Sources, Contamination and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Riparian Soils of the Weihe River Based on a Receptor Model and Monte Carlo Simulation

  • Wen Dong,
  • Bohan Niu,
  • Huaien Li,
  • Dandan Yan,
  • Jiake Li,
  • Zhiqiang Xu,
  • Dongqi Wang,
  • Xiuying Yang,
  • Yakun Zhang and
  • Hui Wang
  • + 1 author

9 December 2024

The riparian ecosystem is highly susceptible to pollution, particularly heavy metals (HMs), due to its unique spatial position and landscape characteristics. Therefore, assessing the risks of HM pollution and identifying potential sources are crucial...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,541 Views
21 Pages

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil of Lalu Wetland Based on Monte Carlo Simulation and ACPS-MLR

  • Bo Yang,
  • Wei Li,
  • Jian Xiong,
  • Jueyuan Yang,
  • Ruiqing Huang and
  • Pengcheng Xie

7 December 2023

Lalu wetland is the world’s largest plateau urban wetland. It was designated as a national-level nature reserve in China in 2004 and is often called “the lung of Lhasa”. It serves as a vital recreational area for urban residents. Co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,415 Views
17 Pages

7 May 2024

Soil heavy metal contamination poses a significant threat to both environmental health and ecological safety. To investigate the influencing factors, ecological hazards, and sources analysis of heavy metals in purple soil, 27 sets of soil samples wer...

  • Article
  • Open Access
80 Citations
6,450 Views
15 Pages

Street dust is repeatedly raised by the wind as a secondary suspension, helping heavy metals therein to enter the human body through the respiratory system, harming human health. A detailed investigation was conducted to determine levels and sources...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,918 Views
18 Pages

Shallow Groundwater Quality Assessment and Pollution Source Apportionment: Case Study in Wujiang District, Suzhou City

  • Lili Hou,
  • Qiuju Qi,
  • Quanping Zhou,
  • Jinsong Lv,
  • Leli Zong,
  • Zi Chen,
  • Yuehua Jiang,
  • Hai Yang,
  • Zhengyang Jia and
  • Fangfei Xu
  • + 4 authors

2 November 2024

Groundwater serves as a crucial resource, with its quality significantly impacted by both natural and human-induced factors. In the highly industrialized and urbanized Yangtze River Delta region, the sources of pollutants in shallow groundwater are m...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,547 Views
20 Pages

Status, Sources, and Risks of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Baiyangdian Lake and Inflow Rivers, North China

  • Hongwei Liu,
  • Yaonan Bai,
  • Yihang Gao,
  • Bo Han,
  • Jinjie Miao,
  • Yanchao Shi and
  • Fengtian Yang

25 September 2024

Baiyangdian Lake, recognized as the largest freshwater body in northern China, plays a vital role in maintaining the regional eco-environment. Prior studies have pointed out the contamination of sediments with heavy metals, raising concerns about eco...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
985 Views
14 Pages

14 August 2025

The oasis area of the Cherchen River Basin (OACRB) is located in the southeast edge of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, China. High boron (B) groundwater is observed in the OACRB according to 40 groundwater samples collected in May 2023. Identification o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,183 Views
18 Pages

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Quaternary Groundwater in Baoshan Basin, Western Yunnan, China

  • Yi Xiao,
  • Jiahui Zhang,
  • Aihua Long,
  • Shiguang Xu,
  • Tingting Guo,
  • Xinchen Gu,
  • Xiaoya Deng and
  • Pei Zhang

28 July 2023

The shallow groundwater of the quaternary system in the Baoshan basin, Yunnan Province is seriously polluted, threatening human health and restricting local socio-economic development; therefore, it is necessary to investigate the hydrochemical chara...

  • Article
  • Open Access
668 Views
15 Pages

Toxic Metals in Surface Dust in Underground Parking Garages: Pollution Status, Risk and Disease Burden Assessment, and Source Apportionment

  • Yong Wang,
  • Tong Chao,
  • Qidi Li,
  • Zhiqiang Jiao,
  • Xinling Ruan,
  • Yuguang Wang,
  • Shiji Ge and
  • Yangyang Wang

19 October 2025

Surface dust serves as a significant carrier and potential source of various pollutants in urban environments. However, limited attention has been paid to toxic metals in underground parking garages’ (UPGs) surface dust. In this study, thirty s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,709 Views
16 Pages

21 October 2021

To investigate the effects of rapid urbanization on water pollution, the water quality, daily unit area pollutant load, water quality score, and real-time water quality index for the Jinwi River watershed were assessed. The contribution of known poll...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,521 Views
14 Pages

20 October 2024

China prioritizes ensuring drinking water safety, particularly in the water-scarce northwest region. This study, utilizing water quality data from 52 village and town water sources since August 2022, assesses water quality, with a specific focus on k...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,026 Views
21 Pages

12 April 2025

Nature reserves are integral to sustaining ecological balance, functioning like a precise ecological regulator, where various species depend on and constrain one another to collectively form a stable ecosystem. Nevertheless, in the wake of economic d...

  • Article
  • Open Access
227 Views
17 Pages

Characterizing the Spatiotemporal Distribution of Water Quality and Pollution Sources in Mountainous Watershed

  • Wenting Qiu,
  • Wei Wang,
  • Xingyue Tu,
  • Zehua Xu,
  • Biao Wang,
  • Zhimiao Zhang,
  • Ying Wang and
  • Baiyin Liu

28 January 2026

The precise identification of pollution sources constitutes a cornerstone for effective water environment management in mountainous watersheds. This study employed principal component analysis–absolute principal component scores–multiple...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,669 Views
19 Pages

26 November 2022

Due to environmental sensibility and fragility, the water chemistry revolution and heavy metals accumulation influenced by natural and anthropogenic processes in the rivers on the Tibetan Plateau have recently become a global concern. However, target...

  • Article
  • Open Access
770 Views
12 Pages

22 October 2025

This study evaluates the pollution status, ecological risks, health risks, and sources of heavy metals from farmland in a mining city located in the Yangtze River basin, East China. A total of 2361 samples of topsoil were collected and analyzed for t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,282 Views
17 Pages

The Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Road Dust and Their Potential Hazard

  • Nurul Hidayah Hishamuddin,
  • Md Firoz Khan,
  • Hamidah Suradi,
  • B. M. Zuhair Siraj,
  • Md. Towhidul Islam,
  • Nor Asrina Sairi,
  • Hairul Anuar Tajuddin,
  • Arniza Khairani Mohd Jamil,
  • Md. Jahurul Haque Akanda and
  • Sumiani Yusoff

18 August 2023

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) found in the environment, posing significant health concerns for the population. This research aimed to assess the PAH levels in road dust near bus stops, identify their...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,316 Views
13 Pages

16 October 2023

In order to study the characteristics and sources of heavy metal pollution within different grassland soil categories in Altay, 147 soil samples were collected in Fuyun County according to grassland type, and the contents of seven heavy metals (Cu, P...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,520 Views
17 Pages

8 December 2023

With the development of industry and agriculture, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the agricultural sector have gradually increased to different degrees, leading to an escalation in environmental pollution. In turn, this escalation has pres...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,641 Views
19 Pages

13 August 2024

The closed-loop material and energy cycles of islands increase the susceptibility of their internal ecosystem components to heavy metal accumulation and transfer. However, limited research on the island scale hinders our understanding of heavy metal...

  • Article
  • Open Access
63 Citations
8,794 Views
21 Pages

27 May 2015

Understanding the spatio-temporal variation and the potential source of water pollution could greatly improve our knowledge of human impacts on the environment. In this work, data of 11 water quality indices were collected during 2012–2014 at 10 mo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,658 Views
18 Pages

Concentration Characteristics, Source Analysis, and Health Risk Assessment of Water-Soluble Heavy Metals in PM2.5 During Winter in Taiyuan, China

  • Qingyu Hu,
  • Chao Zhang,
  • Yang Chen,
  • Nan Pei,
  • Yufeng Zhao,
  • Lijuan Sun,
  • Jie Lan,
  • Fengxian Liu,
  • Ziyong Guo and
  • Xinhui Bi
  • + 2 authors

17 August 2025

To address the research gap on water-soluble heavy metals (WSHMs) in Taiyuan, China, we conducted a winter campaign (18–29 January 2019) at an urban site to measure fifteen WSHMs (Zn, Fe, Mn, Ba, Cu, Se, As, Sb, Sn, Pb, Ni, V, Ti, Cd, and Co)....

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,149 Views
18 Pages

18 November 2024

The spatial distribution and seasonal variation in heavy metal pollution in road dust in Liuzhou, China, were investigated. Road dust samples were collected during both drought and wet periods, and the concentrations of nine heavy metals—Cr, Ni...

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
3,924 Views
14 Pages

Groundwater quality deterioration has become an environmental problem of widespread concern. In this study, we used a water quality index (WQI) and multivariate statistical techniques to assess groundwater quality and to trace pollution sources in th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
524 Views
15 Pages

Risk Assessment and Source Apportionment of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soil Across Yinchuan, China

  • Yiming Liu,
  • Tianzi Yin,
  • Rongguang Shi,
  • Yan Li,
  • Jianjun Ma,
  • Hong Li,
  • Ke Yang,
  • Shiyuan Ding and
  • Xiaodong Li

26 November 2025

Approximately 1.1% of global soils exceed the safety thresholds. Yinchuan is one of the key grain production bases, and the quality of its agricultural soil directly impacts the quality of agricultural products. To investigate the heavy metal contami...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
3,299 Views
17 Pages

28 September 2021

Unreasonable human activities may cause the accumulation of heavy metals (HMs) in the agricultural soil, which will ultimately threaten the quality of soil environment, the safety of agricultural products, and human health. Therefore, the accumulatio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
4,139 Views
23 Pages

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils Based on Multi-Receptor Modeling Combined with Monte Carlo Simulation

  • Yundong Wu,
  • Yan Xia,
  • Li Mu,
  • Wenjie Liu,
  • Qiuying Wang,
  • Tianyan Su,
  • Qiu Yang,
  • Amani Milinga and
  • Yanwei Zhang

31 August 2024

The spatial characteristics, pollution sources, and risks of soil heavy metals were analyzed on Hainan Island. The results showed that the heavily polluted points accounted for 0.56%, and the number of mildly and above polluted points accounted for 1...

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