Background/Objectives: This retrospective benchmark evaluated scores for selecting regions of panoramic tooth segmentations for review. Methods: Three-member U-Net ensembles trained on UFBA-425 were evaluated on 590 held-out images and subsequently o...
Background/Objectives: Super-resolution ultrasound (SRUS) depicts tumor microvascular structure and flow. We examined associations with Ki-67 status, stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (sTIL) categories, and immunohistochemistry-based surrogate su...
Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) retinal layer segmentation supports quantitative clinical assessment, but its robustness to different image degradation has not been systematically characterized. Methods: This study evaluates a U-Net tr...
Free air in the pericardial space is called pneumopericardium, a rare phenomenon. Increased intra-alveolar pressure may cause alveolar rupture, releasing air that travels to the pericardial space. This condition can occur following trauma or surgical...
Background/Objectives: Prenatal outcomes after mosaic embryo transfer are generally reassuring. However, evidence remains limited on how an abnormal first-trimester chorionic villus sampling (CVS) result should be interpreted. We evaluated first-trim...
Background/Objectives: Accurate MRI-based brain tumor classification requires leakage-free performance estimates and inspectable decisions. We compared pretrained convolutional neural networks (CNNs), evaluated Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO)-based hyperpa...
Background/Objectives: We reviewed the performance, validation and clinical readiness of wearable- and vision-based models predicting future falls. Methods: Nine databases and supplementary sources were searched for reports published in 2000–20...
Background/Objectives: Ewing sarcoma (ES) is an aggressive malignant cancer with a higher incidence in adolescents and young adults. Despite multimodal therapy, prognosis remains poor, particularly in metastatic and recurrence cases. Dysregulation of...
Background/Objectives: We aimed to assess the association of the cholesterol–high-density lipoprotein–glucose index (CHG) with large-artery atherosclerotic stroke (LAA) versus cardioembolic stroke (CE), and to compare its discrimination a...
Background/Objectives: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status is important for the classification and prognosis of adult gliomas. Whole-tumor MRI summary measures may obscure intratumoral spatial heterogeneity, whereas data-driven habitat analysis ide...
Background/Objectives: Reliable evaluation of deep-learning methods for malaria microscopy requires assessing both classification performance and the quality of predicted infection probabilities across datasets. We compared low-rank adaptation (LoRA)...
Background/Objectives: We explored whether lateral shear strain (L-str), an imaging-derived parameter estimated from oscillatory displacement in continuous shear wave imaging (C-SWI), was associated with perceived shoulder stiffness. Methods: In this...
Background: Severe asthma and cardiovascular disease can coexist, mimic one another, and interact through respiratory mechanics and treatment. This narrative review examines these relationships and their implications for intensive care. Main findings...
Background: Maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) pressures are widely used indices of respiratory muscle strength, but clinical manometers are costly. We evaluated the bench agreement of two units of a low-cost digital manometer with a clin...
Background: Faecal calprotectin is recommended by the UK National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) HealthTech guidance HTG320 (2013) to distinguish inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from functional bowel disorders, including irritable bo...
Dysphagia evaluation traditionally proceeds from a history and upper endoscopy to high-resolution manometry (HRM), the reference standard for esophageal motor assessment; however, HRM is swallow-dependent, technically demanding, and yields inconclusi...
Introduction: The midgestation prediction of preterm small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth could use the externally validated Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) competing-risks model, integrating maternal characteristics and obstetric history with fetal...
Background/Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) mechanisms are extensively investigated to enable the development of improved diagnostics and therapeutic strategies. Cadaveric tissues are frequently used as “healthy” comparators in mechanistic...
Distinguishing solid pancreatic lesions arising in the background of chronic pancreatitis represents an important diagnostic challenge because mass-forming inflammatory lesions and pancreatic cancer share overlapping clinical, serological, and radiol...
Background/Objectives: To assess whether microscopic fat on chemical-shift MRI, T2-weighted heterogeneity and necrosis separate clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and fat-poor angiomyolipoma (AML) from other solid renal tumours and from each oth...
Pulmonary aspergilloma usually develops in a pre-existing pulmonary cavity and may present with hemoptysis. We report a 51-year-old former smoker with bilateral apical post-tuberculous sequelae, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic r...
Background/Objectives: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), osteoradionecrosis (ORN), and osteomyelitis exhibit overlapping histopathological features, making clinical context essential for etiological differentiation. This study aime...
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the incremental value of systematic biopsy (SB) in addition to targeted biopsy (TB) and its impact on Grade Group (GG) reclassification in patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (P...
Background/Objectives: Deep learning models can score the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) accurately, but their explanations are usually judged by looking at saliency maps. We asked whether complementary quantitative explainability criteria, evaluated again...
A 24-year-old man underwent four emergency surgeries for gastrointestinal perforation over a six-year period. Surgical pathology repeatedly suggested transmural inflammation with fissuring ulcers, favoring Crohn’s disease. However, the acute on...
Background: Systemic muscle composition and local diaphragmatic crus morphology may be associated with recurrence after sliding hiatal hernia repair. This study evaluated the associations of preoperative CT-derived muscle measurements with radiologic...
Background/Objectives: Characterization of small liver lesions on computed tomography (CT) remains challenging. This study evaluated whether spectral detector CT (SDCT) improves subjective diagnostic confidence in the characterization of focal hypope...
Background/Objectives: Fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-directed PET/CT has emerged as a promising approach for non-invasive assessment of arterial wall pathology. While a target-to-background ratio (TBR) threshold of 1.6 has previously...
Background/Objectives: Myosteatosis, i.e., adiposity in and around skeletal muscle, is a hallmark of adverse muscle aging, more common among women than men, and associated with several major health outcomes, including cardiometabolic diseases and fun...
Background/Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping may stratify histologic risk among women with atypical squamous cells that cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H). We evaluated genotype-specific high-grade outco...
Background/Objectives: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is widely used in dentomaxillofacial imaging for evaluating bone grafts and implant-related procedures; however, image quality is often compromised by metal-induced artefacts. This study com...
A 66-year-old woman with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (STS-PROM 5.15%; EuroSCORE II 3.66%), right carotid occlusion, 50% left carotid stenosis, and a preference for TAVI underwent multidisciplinary assessment. Computed tomography demonstrated a...
Background/Objectives: Cerebral hypoperfusion has been reported in Parkinson’s disease (PD), including in patients without dementia. We explored whether long-term nicergoline use was associated with longitudinal changes in relative regiona...
Background: Small-lesion quantification is a key task in diagnostic PET/CT. However, published performance data span two decades and multiple NEMA NU 2 revisions, complicating comparisons. We developed a source-traced database to examine how reconstr...
Maxillary lateral-incisor morphological variations have been associated with palatal maxillary canine impaction, although the nature and strength of this association remain unclear. Aims: To systematically evaluate and quantitatively synthesize the a...
Background/Objectives: Exposure index (EI) reflects detector exposure rather than patient dose, but its behaviour as patient size increases remains incompletely characterised across radiographic examinations. We evaluated continuous associations of b...
Background: Long COVID is clinically and immunologically heterogeneous. We describe unexpected biomarker separation between recorded groups and limitations that prevent a disease-specific interpretation. Methods: This exploratory cross-sectional seco...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived choroid plexus (ChP) volume is increasingly investigated in studies of brain aging and neurodegeneration, yet its anatomical meaning remains uncertain because segmentation methods differ in ventricular coverag...
Human identification is a central component of medico-legal investigations and disaster victim identification (DVI), particularly when remains are decomposed, burned, fragmented, or skeletonized. Dental tissues, restorations, and prosthetic appliance...
Background and Purpose: Surveillance TOF-MRA is a non-invasive alternative to digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for detecting aneurysm residual/recurrence after endovascular embolization but is limited by coil/WEB device-related susceptibility ar...
Background/Objectives: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex and disabling condition characterized by chronic widespread pain, fatigue and multiple somatic symptoms, often overlapping with rheumatic (RMD) and non-rheumatic diseases. Since objective biomarke...
Bahar Oc and Ates Duman were inadvertently omitted from the author list in the original publication [...]
Background/Objectives: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with maternal cardiovascular maladaptation, but its relationship with cardiac function, biomarkers and fetoplacental dysfunction remains incompletely characterized. We aimed to chara...
Background/Objectives: Fetal ventriculomegaly is a heterogeneous prenatal finding with variable severity, evolution, and risk of associated cerebral abnormalities. Prenatal ultrasound is the primary diagnostic and follow-up modality, while fetal magn...
Background/Objectives: Febrile neutropenia (FN) in hematologic malignancies carries a high risk of sepsis. We developed a regression model and a simplified nurse-led sepsis risk score using artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled remote patient monitori...
Background/Objectives: Smart devices estimate blood pressure (BP) from photoplethysmography (PPG), but models trained on other people generalize poorly, and device constraints limit model size. This study compared calibration strategies and model siz...
Background/Objectives: Gut microbiota dysbiosis is increasingly implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis, and microbial signatures are emerging as non-invasive diagnostic tools. This systematic review synthesised human studies that evaluated gut micro...
Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers that can be diagnosed by cytologic features. While the past focus was mostly on human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical carcinomas, the studies on HPV-independent cervical carcinomas have becom...
Background/Objectives: Intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a near-infrared light-based imaging modality with an axial resolution approaching 10 µm, roughly tenfold finer than intravascular ultrasound. Although OCT is established...
Background/Objectives: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents the most common oral malignancy, accounting for over 90% of cases, with a five-year survival rate of approximately 50%. Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) carry an inhere...
