Metals, Volume 12, Issue 9

The weld penetration rate is an important evaluation criterion for welding quality. However, it is difficult to identify the weld penetration state during GTAW welding process. This paper presents a new penetration recognition method based on time an...

Our current understanding of heterogeneous nucleation has been dominated by the classical nucleation theory (CNT) with little progress of significance being made in past 100 years. In recent years under the financial support from EPSRC for the LiME R...

This study aimed to improve the overall fatigue properties of WAAM-produced SDSS by changing the interpass temperatures. Micro-computed tomography was used to quantitatively characterise the internal defects, such as porosity, in large-volume WAAM-fa...

The preparation of Ni-Mn-Ga and Ni-Mn-Ga-Fe master alloy ingots and microwires was completed by high vacuum electric furnace melt melting furnace and melt drawing liquid forming equipment, and the lattice dislocations and defects formed inside the mi...

In this work, electrochemical monitoring of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of a X70 steel in acidic synthetic soil solution during the slow strain rate test (SSRT) was performed by electrochemical noise (EN) using the conventional arrangeme...

Digitalization and additive manufacturing offer new possibilities in the manufacturing of individualized medical and dental products. In the paper we present the results of the first 30 consecutive growing patients (15 males and 15 females), with a m...

The (Mn₅₅Bi₄₅)_100−x/(Nd₂Fe₁₄B)_x hybrid magnetic alloys were prepared by the ball milling of the combined annealed Mn₅₅Bi₄₅ powders and Nd₂Fe₁₄B powders. The magnetic properties at room temperature and elevated temperature were investigated. It...

Microwave absorption performance of metal alloys are highly dependent on their phase structures. However, the phase control of Ni–Mn-based alloys to achieve effective microwave absorption properties has been rarely reported. In this work, Ni₄₃C...

The effect of Sr²⁺ ions on the microstructure and high frequency properties of 2.5 wt% Bi₂O₃ added to Co₍₂₎Z hexaferrites (3Ba_(1-x)Sr_xO•2CoO•12Fe₂O₃, x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6) synthesised using the solid-state reaction method was investiga...

The problem of surface processing and microstructure refinement in stainless steels in laser surface processing in the presence of an external magnetic field has been studied experimentally and theoretically. The effect of both alternating and perman...

Fluorspar is considered a critical raw material for the European Union, due to its industrial uses and lack of sufficient extraction in European countries. It is a source for hydrofluoric acid manufacture, this latter chemical being employed, among o...

Environment-friendly materials (e.g., Honey and Mint) are used as corrosion inhibitors for aluminum in hydrochloric acid (HCl) using both the density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6–31G* basis set level and semi-empirical methods (AM1, P...

FeCrMnNi high-entropy alloys prepared by vacuum induction melting were tested and characterized using an X-ray diffractometer, a scanning electron microscope, a micro hardness tester and a universal tensile tester to investigate the effects of the he...

Changes of structure, phase composition and microhardness in high-strength α + β titanium alloy were investigated after electromechanical treatment (EMT) and subsequent aging. The EMT was performed with alternating current density (j of 30...

The highly regarded Fe₂P-based magnetocaloric materials are usually fabricated by ball milling, and require an additional extended annealing treatment at high temperatures (at temperatures up to 1423 K for several hours to days). In this work, we sho...

Two steels with different nickel (Ni) content were investigated to reveal the role of Ni on strength-toughness balance and hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility. Although they were similar in microstructure, i.e., nano-particles were precipitated on...

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) contain valuable metals, epoxy resin, and glass fiber, resulting in them being considered as attractive secondary sources of metals. Due to the complex metal compositions in PCBs, it is difficult to clarify the mechanism...

In this paper, the giant magneto-impedance (GMI) model of a cylindrical alloy fiber was established by the Maxwell equation and Landau–Lifshitz equation to simulate the influence of physical parameters of cylindrical alloy fiber on GMI under di...

Compared to the conventional deoxidation process with Al or Si-Mn for 55SiCr spring steel production, the possibility of using a Si-Ca-Ba compounded deoxidizer to control the behavior of non-metallic inclusions in spring steel was explored in this st...

The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the basicity concept of oxygen content estimation subject to submerged arc welded metal. The investigated fluxes cover a wide range of basicity indices from 0.31 to 19.00 at full coverage with acidic,...

In this study, we used molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the atomic ordering in the liquid aluminum (Al) adjacent to the amorphous substrate with smooth and rough surfaces. This study revealed that the liquid exhibited layering withi...

Ti alloys contemplating the simultaneous addition of Fe and Nb are available in the literature as Fe enhances the strength and Nb improves the biological behaviour of Ti. Nevertheless, casting has been the main manufacturing process, the Nb content i...

The effect of side limiters (shaping blocks) on the formation of the structure and hardness of AISI 308LSi stainless steel workpieces obtained by multilayer build-up welding in an argon environment has been studied. The studies were carried out on sp...

This work is aimed at studying the tribological contact between a titanium–aluminum–vanadium alloy pin (Ti6Al4V), produced by Electron Beam Melting (EBM), and a sheet of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), which are widely...

The fatigue properties and cyclic deformation behaviour of materials are usually determined using cylindrical specimens (e.g., Ø7.5 mm). Since the transferability to very small dimensions has not been comprehensively considered so far, this st...

Sputtering target is commonly used in semiconductor manufacturing for the preparation of thin films. Cold rolling and annealing treatment of bulk Ag is the routine process to prepare Ag sputtering target. In this paper, the microstructure evolution o...

A condensation reaction of 2,3,5,6-tetraamino-1,4-benzoquinone 1 with 4,5-Dichloro-3,6-dihydroxy-phthalonitrile 2 produced p-benzoquinone [2,3-b:2,3-b]bis[(5,8-dihydroxybenzopyrazine)-6,7-dinitrile] 3. Utilizing acetic acid with lithium/pentanol, the...

Cu-W composite powder with various W contents (0, 10, 20, and 30 wt%) has been fabricated by spray drying, calcination, and two-stage hydrogen reduction in this work. The microstructures and phase evolution of Cu-W composite powder were studied by FE...

Heat treatments, including solution treatment and isothermal heat treatment, were conducted to investigate the grain boundary serration of GH4975 superalloy. The two different heat treatment processes could both promote the formation of serrated grai...

Most power plants use the Rankine cycle, where the heat supplied to water and steam is converted into mechanical work; therefore, most components have to be made of heat-resistant steel. Sufficient mechanical properties must be ensured for welded pip...

The crack susceptibility during processing has a crucial influence on the workability of wrought alloys. In particular, the processing of high-strength alloys that are prone to cracking is challenging and various process parameters have to be optimiz...

The phosphorus (P) content of molten steel is of great importance for the quality of steel products in the electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking process. At present, the initial conditions of smelting process in the prediction of end-point P content...

The effects of strain on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 0.81C-0.22Si-0.31Mn (wt%) high-carbon steel were investigated by thermal simulation, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and...

In this research, we report on a comparative study of the corro-erosive properties of TaC and HfC individual coatings and (Ta₇₀-Hf₃₀-C) and (Ta₃₀-Hf₇₀-C) coatings. These were subjected to different impact angles of abrasive particles, corresponding w...

The main purpose of industrial frequency induction crucible smelters (IGM) is the smelting of synthetic cast iron, using metal filling scrap in the amount of 30–35%, at a temperature not exceeding 1450 OZ C. The basis of the lining used is quar...

Transmission engineering components need to fulfill requirements for adequate wear resistance and fatigue resistance, which are related to their surface properties. In this paper, we combined shot peening and nitrogen ion implantation to improve the...

60NiTi alloys have a tremendous potential to be used in aerospace, marine and automotive industries. There is still a need to further improve the deformability due to the high brittleness of the previously prepared 60NiTi. In this work, 200 °C ho...

Clinching is the manufacturing process of joining two or more metal sheets under high plastic deformation by form and force closure without thermal support and auxiliary parts. Clinch connections are applicable to difficult-to-join hybrid material co...

Without the addition of any grain refiner, the inclusion particles in a melt will induce heterogeneous nucleation and grain initiation during the solidification of metallic materials. However, with grain refiner addition, the exogenous particles (fro...

In this work, the variant selection of martensite in a stainless maraging steel was investigated by electron backscattering diffraction and a new protocol of parent phase reconstruction. The reconstruction protocol enables digital austenite reversion...

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) and medium-entropy alloys (MEAs), also sometimes referred to as multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs), present opportunities to develop new materials with outstanding mechanical properties. Through the careful selection of...

Metastable β-Ti alloys have become one of the most attractive implant materials due to their high biocorrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties, including lower Young’s modulus values. Mechanical properties of these...

Low-carbon operation technologies of the blast furnace (BF) are crucial for reducing carbon dioxide emissions from the steelmaking industry. The variation characteristic of permeability and structure in a BF lumpy zone has a critical impact on achiev...

It is of great significance to reduce welding hot cracks and improve the corrosion resistance of nuclear power components by controlling the dilution ratio of the cladding weld bead formed by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). This paper presents a met...

Nonmetallic inclusions are harmful to the quality of 42CrMo4 steel. Therefore, the formation and removal mechanism of inclusions in 42CrMo4 steel during the steelmaking process is investigated by industrial trials. The characteristics of inclusions i...

Isothermal solidification process of pure metal Al was studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation using EAM potential. The effects of different cooling rates on the isothermal solidification process of metallic Al were studied. Al was first subjec...

Monel 400 alloy is widely employed in marine engineering equipment due to its excellent corrosion resistance, high strength and toughness. In this paper, the tribo-corrosion behavior of Monel 400 alloy in seawater under different rotational velocitie...

T-joint welding is a key manufacturing process of large storage tanks. However, complex residual stresses are generated and have a great effect on the structural integrity of storage tanks. The high residual stress caused by welding and the discontin...

The development of high-strength fasteners is required due to the modern trend of reducing the weight of engineering structures. At present, structural bolts of property classes 8.8–10.9 are widely used, and higher-strength bolts of property cl...

Size effects concern the anomalous scaling of relevant mechanical properties of materials and structures over a sufficiently wide dimensional range. In the last few years, thanks to technological advances, such effects have been experimentally detect...