2025 April - 133 articles
Using surface observation data for the past hundred years, the contributions of year-specific climate anomaly, nationwide warming, and urban warming to hot summers in Japan were evaluated. A number of indices in temperature were defined to indicate t...
Against the backdrop of global warming, heatwaves in China have become more frequent, posing serious risks to public health and socio-economic stability. However, existing identification methods lack precision, and the driving mechanisms of heatwaves...
In this study, the heterogeneous reaction of oleic acid droplets with gas-phase ozone was studied by an ATR-FTIR flow reactor. The effects of droplet size, relative humidity, and ozone concentration on the reaction kinetics were carefully investigate...
The increase in industrial production can lead to more complex emissions of O3 precursors, but the changes in the formation mechanism and source of O3 are still unclear. Taking Jincheng as the typical industrial city, an observation-based model (OBM)...
High-quality observational data play a crucial role in deepening the investigation of the Tibetan Plateau’s influence on the Asian climate. This study employs eight machine learning models (support vector regression (SVR), k-nearest neighbors (...
Air pollution poses a significant challenge to environmental sustainability and inhibits economic and social development. In urban areas, the combined effects of high population density, industrial concentration, and the urban heat island effect make...
The escalation of industrialization has worsened air quality, underscoring the essential need for accurate forecasting to inform policies and protect public health. Current research has primarily emphasized individual spatiotemporal features for pred...
Ionospheric tomography, an effective method for reconstructing 3-D electron density, is traditionally pictured by 3-D IED (ionospheric electron density) slices to express ionospheric disturbances, which may overlook the critical information in 3-D sp...
The broadband spectrum of solar radiation is commonly characterized by indices such as the average photon energy (APE) and the blue fraction (BF). This work explores the effectiveness of the two indices in a narrower spectral band, namely the ultravi...
Lightning is associated with severe thunderstorm events and causes hundreds of deaths annually in Brazil. Additionally, it is responsible for losses amounting to millions in Brazil’s electricity and telecommunication sectors. Between November 2...
Although the benefits of trees in cities are of great variety and value, attention must also be paid to the consequences for public health of the presence of pollen aeroallergens in the atmosphere, which are likely to interact with air pollutants, in...
High-spatiotemporal-resolution surface temperature data play a crucial role in monitoring urban heat island effects. Compared with Landsat 8, MODIS surface temperature products offer high temporal resolution but suffer from low spatial resolution. To...
Fires drive global ecosystem change, impacting carbon dynamics, atmospheric composition, biodiversity, and human well-being. Biomass burning, a major outcome of fires, significantly contributes to greenhouse gas and aerosol emissions. Among these, fi...
High-precision total electron content (TEC) prediction can improve the accuracy of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-based applications. The existing deep learning models for TEC prediction mainly include long short-term memory (LSTM), co...
Calibration is crucial in quantitative analysis, ensuring the traceability of standards for an accurate comparison of results. In mercury determinations, a gas calibrator unit containing liquid mercury is used for calibration by injecting headspace v...
Flood disasters are one of the major natural hazards threatening agricultural production. To reduce agricultural disaster losses, accurately identifying agricultural flood-affected areas is crucial. Taking Shengzhou City as a case study, we proposed...
Accurate drought prediction is crucial for optimizing water resource allocation, safeguarding agricultural productivity, and maintaining ecosystem stability. This study develops a methodological framework for short-term drought forecasting using SPEI...
This study investigated the impact of grassland and cropland expansion on carbon (C) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions using remote sensing data and machine learning models. The research focused on agricultural land-use changes in South Sumatra from...
Atmospheric nanoparticles, due to their tiny size up to 100 nanometres in diameter, have negligible mass and are better characterised by their particle number concentration. Atmospheric nanoparticle numbers are not regulated due to insufficient data...
With more than half of the world already living in urban spaces—a number set to increase in the coming decades—the need is clear to understand urban microclimates and extremes. This study placed twenty MX2302a HOBOmobile weather microsens...
This study aimed to assess the long-term trends in PM10, PM2.5, and hazardous trace elements in Makkah from 2020 to 2024, evaluating seasonal variations, health risks, and potential mitigation strategies. The results indicated that the PM10 concentra...
This study explores rainfall variability and trends in the Enkangala Escarpment of South Africa using station data from 1972 to 2022 (51 years). The coefficient of variation (CV) is indicative of pronounced inter-annual variability in seasonal rainfa...
As global warming intensifies heatwave events, their impact on human health is becoming increasingly significant. To further understand the dynamic response of humans to heatwaves, this study selected samples from different age groups under various t...
In an attempt to reconciliate air-sea momentum flux estimates derived from open sea observations, from large eddy simulation output fields, and from wind-wave tank measurements, a series of dedicated experiments were conducted in the wind-wave tank o...
PM2.5 plays a significant role in urban climate, especially as urban development accelerates. In this study, surface PM2.5, skin temperature, surface air temperature, net longwave radiation, net shortwave radiation, sensible heat flux, and latent hea...
This study investigates the impact of different noise levels on thermal comfort in outdoor environments. The research was conducted in two university squares in Xi’an, China, exhibiting distinct noise exposures, with twenty volunteers participa...
Spring frosts were examined using 1981–2023 meteorological data from five weather stations located in areas with a significant share of agricultural crops, especially orchards. Days with frost were determined from air temperature data at 5 and...
In order to explore the variation law and causes of the humidity effect of local water bodies, this paper selects the data of encrypted automatic weather stations (encrypted stations) and national conventional meteorological stations (conventional st...
The Penman-Monteith (PM) equation is considered the most accurate method for estimating reference evapotranspiration (ETo); however, its application requires a large amount of data that is not always available. This study aimed to regionalize the coe...
Earth’s atmospheric methane (CH4) concentration has risen more than 162% since pre-industrial levels in the mid-18th century, and about 30% of the rise in global temperatures since the pre-industrial era is due to CH4 The build-up of methane in...
The West African atmospheric energy budget is assessed for the first time across three contrasting monsoon seasons (dry, wet, and moderate) using the latest version of the Canadian Regional Climate Model (CRCM6/GEM5). The model is driven by ERA5 rean...
Significant upwelling in the equatorial ocean influences complex ocean–atmosphere interactions and contributes to diurnal variations in the lower troposphere. This study compares the temperature and relative humidity data from radiosonde observ...
Understanding the characteristics of wildfires in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region is crucial for improving the monitoring of local wildfire danger. Our investigation first establishes the spatial distributions of fire weather index...
The Southern Ocean (SO) is crucial for global climate regulation by absorbing excess heat and anthropogenic CO2. However, representing air-sea heat fluxes in climate models remains a challenge, particularly in regions characterised by strong ocean&nd...
Understanding the thermodynamic horizontal structure of the mesopause is essential for studying atmospheric wave dynamics and energy transport. However, conventional models like MSISE-00 exhibit some discrepancies from lidar observations in the mesop...
Solar radiation is one of the most abundant energy sources in the world and is a crucial parameter that must be researched and developed for the sustainable projects of future generations. This study evaluates the performance of different machine lea...
Particle number concentration and size distribution in Jordan (in the Middle East) is still not comprehensive. In this study, a simple aerosol portable setup was used to measure size-fractioned aerosol number and mass concentrations with different pa...
This study examines the variations of elements in PM2.5 emitted from biomass burning in urban settings, which raises health concerns among urban dwellers. It specifically focused on how Sodium (Na), Calcium (Ca), Potassium (K), and Phosphorus (P) con...
Surface ozone has emerged as a concerning pollutant in Beijing, China. This study assessed ozone pollution and its health impacts in Beijing using ground (35 stations) and satellite data (2014–2023). Temporal trends were analyzed across various tempo...
This study takes the Danjiangkou reservoir basin, which is the water source area of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, one of the largest water diversion projects in the world, as the research area. Three different types of evapotranspiratio...
Mine ramps, serving as a critical transportation hub in underground mining activities, are beset by severe issues of dust pollution and secondary dust generation. While dust suppressants are more efficient than the commonly used sprinkling methods in...
The Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) is widely used for surface layer parameterization. Discrepancies in MOST highlight the need to account for large eddy effects. A possible solution is to introduce the boundary layer depth
This study addresses the problem of the computational cost of transient CFD simulations, which rely on iterative time-step calculations, by employing deep learning to generate optimized initial conditions for accelerating the Weather Research and For...
This study explores the transport mechanisms and pollutant dynamics influencing particulate matter concentrations at the Pomigliano d’Arco monitoring site, situated in a densely urbanized and industrialized region near Naples, Southern Italy, w...
Weather and climate forecasting, using climate models, have become essential tools and life-savers in the West African region; in spite of the fact that climate models do not fully comply with attributes of forecast qualities—RASAP: reliability...
Urban green spaces play a crucial role in mitigating the effects of urban microclimates. This study quantitatively explored how the spatial structural parameters of plant communities regulate microclimates during the hot summer in Zhuji City, Zhejian...
In this study, we propose an enhanced methodology for assessing drought conditions through the systematic categorization of Condition Monitoring Observer Reports (CMORs) from Missouri between 2018 and 2024. Our approach introduces a novel classificat...
Climate change is having an accelerating impact on the Earth’s arid and semi-arid regions, which are home to over two billion people [...]
The length of the beach season at Lake Balaton (Hungary, Central Europe) in the period 2002–2024 is estimated using daily data of air temperature, water temperature and wind speed. Daily thermal load is approached by calculating operative tempe...
The response of large temporary working platforms for cross-sea bridges under the action of strong wind and waves with large tidal ranges is one of the key issues in offshore engineering. Based on a grand offshore bridge project in Fujian Province of...
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