2025 December-1 - 95 articles
Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement is the most frequent visceral complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc), affecting up to 90% of patients, yet it remains poorly understood compared to pulmonary or cutaneous manifestations. The aim of this...
Human cell-based assays for neurotoxicity (NT) and developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) have reached a high level of readiness, but some tests require improvements in the specificity and sensitivity at which mitochondrial toxicants are detected. This st...
Pathogenic Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV), first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012, continues to pose a threat to public health. The trimeric spike (S) protein of MERS-CoV binds to the cellular receptor through the receptor-binding...
Background: Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. While radiotherapy (RT) has been a lasting cornerstone of LC management, there are concerns due to tumor radioresistance and unintended damage to surrounding healthy tissu...
Investigating the mechanisms that maintain different types of neural stem cells is essential for brain development. While factors maintaining distinct Drosophila melanogaster neuroblasts (NBs) have been identified, additional factors remain unidentif...
Alternative splicing is a key regulator of immune regulation by enabling rapid and context-specific responses. However, the role of splicing regulators such as CDC-like kinase 1 (CLK1) in monocyte biology remains poorly defined. Here, we identify and...
Cochlear implants are highly successful in restoring speech perception but variability in outcomes exists. Post-surgical fibrosis and neo-ossification are thought to play a significant role, being linked to increased impedance and loss of residual he...
The absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome is a cytosolic DNA sensor that links genomic instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, and chronic inflammation. Unlike the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family pyrin domain-containing...
Ginkgolic acid (GA) exhibits various biological activities, but its role in vascular restenosis remains unreported. GA (13:0) is a relatively abundant natural congener. This study aims to investigate and clarify the effects and mechanisms of GA (13:0...
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) emerge as alternate regulators of gene expression. CircRNAs are generated by back-splicing processes, are highly conserved, and are resistant to degradation. Recent advances in sequencing and computational tools have led to t...
One of the most important events in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and related disorders is the formation of abnormal fibrils via the aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) with β-sheet-rich organization. The use of Cryo-E...
Tumor angiogenesis plays a crucial role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), serving as a key process for metastasis and invasion. Leucine-rich repeat-containing 1 (LRRC1) has been reported to be abnormally upregulated in HCC. Nevert...
Translational oncology continues to advance through the integration of biological discoveries, technological innovations and clinical applications [...]
Due to their anti-tumor activity and non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) binding T cell receptor, γδ T cells are suitable candidates for allogeneic cellular immunotherapy in cancer. Recently, we developed a new protocol called Ko-O...
Neurodegenerative diseases pose a significant challenge to modern medicine. Despite significant advances in neurology, current therapeutic approaches often prove insufficient to treat such disorders. This study investigates the neuroprotective effect...
Dilated cardiomyopathy is a major cause of heart failure and is one of the most common forms of cardiomyopathy worldwide. Although there has been significant progress in its clinical management, early diagnosis and precise prognosis remain challengin...
Despite the progressive extension of CFTR variant eligibility to the triple combination of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI), most rare CFTR pathogenic variants remain ineligible for CFTR modulators. It is crucial to determine whether unexplored...
The Krüppel-like transcription factor GLIS3 plays an important regulatory role in the development of various tissues, both in mice and humans. Loss-of-function mutations in GLIS3 are implicated in several pathologies, including polycystic kidney...
While vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) plasticity is increasingly recognised as a critical driver of atherosclerosis progression, most mechanistic insights derive from murine models that fail to fully capture the diversity and complexity of human SM...
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are compounds that accumulate in hyperglycemic states, contributing significantly to the development of diabetes and its complications, including the exacerbation of periodontal disease. We hypothesized that AGE...
Thermoregulatory dysfunction—temperature intolerance and/or inappropriate compensation—is an underrecognized feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is linked to poor quality of life. Multiple mechanisms may underlie this dysfunctio...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized as promising non-invasive biomarkers for cancer and other diseases, but their clinical translation remains limited by the lack of comprehensive characterization strategies. Spectroscopic approa...
Background: Hypoxia and ageing both involve impaired oxygen delivery, leading to oxidative damage, and endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction. In the presence of chronic hyperglycemia, these effects are amplified, accelerating EC senescence and vascular i...
Thermogenic adipocytes present a promising therapeutic strategy for metabolic diseases. While murine models have provided valuable insights into thermogenic adipose tissue, their relevance to human physiology is constrained by species-specific differ...
In recent decades, the quantity of sperm and the quality of semen have decreased, causing an increased incidence of male infertility. The increased exposure to environmental pollutants and metals, including aluminum, is one of the causes. Aluminum is...
Osteoporosis is an aging-related disease characterized by low bone mineral density and deteriorated bone structure, resulting in an increased risk of fractures. Currently, most osteoporosis therapies target osteoclasts to inhibit bone resorption, whi...
While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly improved the morbidity of HIV infection, ART may contribute to the pathogenesis of HIV associated neurocognitive impairment (HIV-NCI) by interfering with autophagic processes in astrocytes. Autopha...
When blood flow to a part of the myocardial muscle is reduced or blocked, it leads to tissue ischemia in that region. Myocardial infarction (MI) occurs when the ischemic insult is of sufficient duration in time to induce cardiomyocyte death and subse...
Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs), formerly referred to as primary immunodeficiencies (PID), represent a heterogeneous group of hereditary disorders that significantly increase patients’ susceptibility to severe and recurrent infections. Toll-li...
Biosynthetic capacity, particularly in protein production, significantly influences cells’ physiological efficiency and their ability to proliferate. Numerous studies have suggested that reducing protein synthesis can extend lifespan and improv...
Dendritic cells (DCs) are among the first immune cells to detect viral invasion and play a central role in initiating and shaping antiviral immune responses. Many innate and adaptive immune functions of DCs are regulated by cathepsins, proteolytic en...
Focal chondral defects of the knee and ankle remain a challenging clinical condition, particularly in young and active patients, as they often cause pain, mechanical symptoms, and functional limitation without necessarily progressing to osteoarthriti...
Organoids refer to three-dimensional (3D) multicellular tissues derived from stem cells or single cells through their self-assembly capacity, and significantly, they mimic structural and functional characteristics of the organ from which they are der...
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are produced in response to stressful conditions, such as temperature, inflammation, infection, or exposure to environmental factors. HSPs are overexpressed in some malignancies, where they modulate the tumor microenvironme...
MicroRNA-221 (miR-221), a conserved small non-coding RNA, acts as a pivotal modulator of biological processes across multiple organ systems, the dysregulation of which is closely linked to the pathogenesis of various human diseases. This review syste...
It is necessary to find novel therapeutic strategies for obesity-related diabetic nephropathy (DN) that target both metabolic dysfunction and renal inflammation. ST32da derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza (a well-recognized Traditional Chinese Medicine)...
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a highly aggressive gastrointestinal malignancy, with a notable increase in incidence over recent decades, representing a significant global health burden. The main histological subtypes are esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) a...
Bacterial infections remain a persistent and evolving threat to human health worldwide [...]
Cryopreservation of sperm is a resource used for artificial insemination. In the case of bovines, it ensures the reproduction of animals through cells from males with a highlighted genetic background. The fertilisation capacity of sperm cells is achi...
Endometriosis, a disease affecting about one out of ten women, is characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity. There is significant disease heterogeneity, but the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying differen...
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by lipid peroxidation. Since the identification of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) as a mitochondrial suppressor of ferroptosis in 2021, increasing evidence has highlighted its...
A crucial role of genome instability and telomeric dysfunction was demonstrated in multiple cancers, including multiple myeloma (MM). MM accounts for approximately 10% of all hematologic malignancies and includes asymptomatic pre-malignant monoclonal...
Neutropenia is a common complication in oncology patients receiving chemotherapy, and rapid regeneration of functional neutrophils is critical for effective management. Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) has shown therapeutic potential, but its me...
Early molecular events underlying ethanol-induced oral squamous cell carcinoma development remain insufficiently understood, primarily due to a lack of suitable in vitro systems that recapitulate the initial stages of premalignant transformation. The...
Male infertility affects a significant proportion of couples struggling to conceive and re-quire a comprehensive investigation into the underlying causes and potential diagnostic markers. Seminal biomarkers and multi-omic approaches, particularly met...
Epigenetics encompasses heritable but reversible modifications of gene expression that occur without changes in the DNA sequence and involve mechanisms such as DNA and RNA methylation and histone modifications. These mechanisms modulate chromatin arc...
Mucosal melanoma (MM) is a rare, aggressive cancer whose incidence has increased continuously over the years. This subtype of melanoma arises from melanocytes on hairless surfaces, typically in the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and...
Inhibitors of DNA-binding genes (Ids) are key downstream targets of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), gene expression of which is differentially regulated in the chick retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) during altered eye growth. The current study ex...
Small Cajal body-associated RNAs (scaRNAs) are essential for biochemical modification of spliceosomal RNAs and spliceosome function. Changes in scaRNA expression level have been associated with developmental issues, including cancer and congenital he...
Corneal problems, such as delayed and incomplete wound repair, are frequent in diabetes, affecting up to 70% of diabetic patients. In skin, histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been previously found to repress expression of the glycerol channel aquapori...
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