2026 July - 116 articles
Chalcones are naturally occurring open-chain flavonoids widely distributed in plants and recognized for their broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. Their versatile scaffold allows for extensive structural modifications, leading to a diverse r...
The link between ABO/Rh blood groups and COVID-19 severity remains a topic of debate. We aimed to investigate the role ABO/Rh blood groups, rs8176746 and rs495828 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), in COVID-19 severity among COVID-19 patients in...
Coronaviruses (family Coronaviridae) are enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses with broad host adaptability. They transmit across species among humans, livestock, companion animals, and wildlife, eliciting a disease spectrum ranging...
Small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) infects goats and sheep of all breeds and ages worldwide. There are no current records regarding the three-dimensional structure or antigenic capacity of the nucleocapsid protein p14 of FESC-752 Mexican strain. The an...
Mechanisms for the maintenance of chronic viruses are poorly understood, particularly for archaeal viruses. Here, we identify the product of Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus 1 (SSV1) ORF a291 as a putative virally encoded toxin required for growth inh...
The expression of the BNYVV silencing suppressor (VSR) p14 protein, together with the production of a viral non-coding RNA (ncRNA3), affects the long-distance movement on natural host Beta species. Through immunoprecipitation of Flag-p14 and expressi...
Immunocompromised patients face increased morbidity and mortality from central nervous system (CNS) opportunistic viral infections, with risk level driven by specific immune defects. While our diagnostic capacity expands, immunocompromised patients m...
Influenza A virus is a segmented, negative-sense RNA virus. Since the early 2020s, H5 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses have spread widely across Europe, Africa, and Asia, affecting wild birds and poultry. Costa Rica reported its first H5 clade 2.3.4.4b avian i...
Hosta ventricosa, also known as blue plantain lily, is an important traditional herbal medicinal and ornamental plant in China. Prior to this study, no virus has been reported to infect H. ventricosa plants. Based on RNA-seq, transmission electron mi...
Members of the Picornaviridae family of viruses have single-stranded positive-sense RNA genomes, and are conventionally considered to contain a single open reading frame (ORF) preceded by a long 5′ untranslated region (UTR). The 5′UTR con...
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Cotton verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae severely restricts global cotton production. Mycovirus–induced hypovirulence provides a promising strategy for sustainable disease management. In this study, V. dahliae isolates from Xinji...
Squash leaf curl China virus (SLCCNV) is an important geminivirus that infects cucurbit crops and is widely distributed across Asia. To elucidate its population structure and molecular evolution, 101 DNA-A and 67 DNA-B strain sequences of SLCCNV that...
The herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) US3 is a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase that promotes HSV-1 replication and spread. But its role and the mechanisms by which US3 regulates actin cytoskeletal remodeling remain poorly defined. We combined fl...
The ubiquitin ligase protein tripartite-motif containing 56 (TRIM56) positively regulates Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) signaling by forming a complex with Toll-Interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein inducing interferon (IFN)-beta (TR...
Background: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging alphavirus that has caused millions of cases worldwide, yet its molecular epidemiology in Saudi Arabia remains poorly understood. This study integrates bioinformatic analysis of the envelope gene...
Cryo-electron tomography (Cryo-ET) has emerged as a transformative tool for visualizing viral components within their native cellular environment, enabling structural interrogation of viral life cycle events at nanometer resolution without chemical f...
Composting is widely used to reduce biological risks during manure recycling, but changes in viral communities and virus-associated antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) remain poorly resolved. This study aimed to assess changes in DNA viral communities...
Background: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and wastewater may carry severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and provide early signals for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) surveillance. This study investigated environmental fa...
The human APOBEC3 (A3) family of cytidine deaminases, including A3G, A3F, and A3H, participates in cellular anti-retroviral immunity. In contrast, to antagonize the anti-retroviral activities of these A3 family proteins, HIV-1 produces its gene produ...
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a major threat to tomato production, creating a need for sensitive, low-cost detection methods that can be applied to early symptomatic or low-viral-load samples. Recombinant antigen configuration may influenc...
Successive dengue virus (DENV) outbreaks progressively reshape population immunity, influencing disease expression and diagnostic performance. This study evaluated the impact of secondary infections across sequential outbreaks on disease severity mar...
Background: South Korea has documented HIV cases since 1985; however, comprehensive longitudinal analyses integrating incidence, mortality, transmission dynamics, and immunological staging across the full surveillance period remain limited. This stud...
SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to extrapulmonary complications in multiple organs, including the brain, both in the short-term and long-term. The neurological manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from benign signs like loss of smell and loss of t...
The ongoing 2026 Bundibugyo ebolavirus outbreak in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo highlights the continued vulnerability of Central Africa to recurrent Ebola emergence. This outbreak emerged less than six months after the previous one ended...
Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) is an economically significant respiratory virus of poultry that causes major losses due to reduced egg production and increased susceptibility to secondary infections. It has global significance in poultry production sys...
Age is an established risk factor for severe viral respiratory infections, yet the mechanisms driving increased severity of illness in infants and older adults remain incompletely understood. The respiratory epithelium is the primary target of viral...
Letermovir (LMV), a cytomegalovirus (CMV) terminase inhibitor, has a potentially low genetic barrier to the emergence of resistance, with single mutations in the terminase subunits (UL51, UL56, UL89) being associated with LMV resistance (LMV-R). We d...
Apnea is a potentially life-threatening complication of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in early infancy; however, its determinants remain incompletely understood. Between 2011 and 2013, we conducted a population-based, cross-sectional, mul...
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging swine enteric coronavirus that causes severe diarrhea in piglets, leading to extensive economic losses in the global swine industry. Previous studies have reported that PDCoV can experimentally infect m...
(1) Background: Transboundary notifiable infectious viral diseases, such as lumpy skin disease (LSD), highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), continue to severely disrupt Europe’s animal health and welfare, f...
Bundibugyo virus disease, caused by Bundibugyo virus (Orthoebolavirus bundibugyoense), is a severe human Ebola disease with substantial mortality, unresolved reservoir ecology, limited diagnostic implementation, and no licensed vaccines or therapeuti...
Background: Adult parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection occurs with cyclic outbreaks and can be associated with inflammatory manifestations mimicking or heralding the onset of systemic autoimmune diseases. Little is known about clinical traits distinguishi...
Background: Gremlin 1 is a fibrotic protein that increases in the liver during fibrosis. There is also evidence that gremlin 1 expression is upregulated in the livers of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Since gremlin 1 is a secreted p...
Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV 2) is a highly contagious viral pathogen responsible for severe gastroenteritis in canine species worldwide. This study provides the first comprehensive molecular characterization of CPV 2 variants circulating in domestic dog...
H9N2 low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIV) represent an ongoing zoonotic threat due to their enzootic circulation in poultry, reassortment capacity, and increasing human transmission events. This study characterized three H9N2 isolates recov...
Akabane virus (AKAV) is an orthobunyavirus transmitted by biting midges of the genus Culicoides. This virus mainly affects ruminant species and represents an important threat to animal health across the world, being distributed in regions of Asia, th...
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) represents one of the most severe transboundary animal diseases globally. Although considered endemic in Ghana, recent data on circulating serotypes are limited. This study investigated and characterized FMD outbreaks occ...
The Powassan virus (POWV) is a neurovirulent tick-borne virus that causes age-associated lethality and long-term neurologic sequelae in 50% of survivors. In aged mice the POWV strain LI9 mirrors human lethality and neuropathology; however, an avirule...
Latent viral and viroid infections represent a major phytosanitary threat to pome fruit production because infected propagation material facilitates the long-term spread of pathogens in orchards. This study investigated the prevalence of viral and vi...
Identifying antigens that elicit protective immunity is the key step for vaccine development. Here, we describe the use of the MS2 VLP platform to identify epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins recognized by antibodies from COVID-19 patients, an...
Multiple outbreaks with high mortality rates and a pattern of disease occurrence similar to peste des petits ruminants (PPR) were observed in sheep and goats across many states of Sudan between 2015 and 2018. Therefore, this study aimed to investigat...
The H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus has caused severe global losses, reaching South America in 2022 and Antarctica in 2024. Here, we synthesize outbreak reports submitted to the World Organization for Animal Health by South Americ...
Background/Objectives: Arterial hypertension (AH) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are interlinked, with AH increasing the risk of severe liver disease and HCV contributing to cardiovascular issues. Treating HCV in hypertensive patients is criti...
The genus Orthopestivirus, within the family Flaviviridae, includes important pathogens such as classical swine fever virus (CSFV), bovine viral diarrhea virus types 1 and 2 (BVDV-1 and BVDV-2), and border disease virus (BDV). Although Costa Rica is...
Wild waterfowl constitute the primary natural reservoir of influenza A viruses, and wetlands at the convergence of major migratory flyways serve as critical hubs for viral genetic exchange. Baikal Siberia, situated at the intersection of the East Afr...
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging foodborne pathogen in Europe, primarily associated with the consumption of pork products. While conventional destructive TRIzol extraction methods followed by RT-qPCR can detect HEV RNA in processed meat, this a...
The consequences of foot and mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks in non-endemic countries are devastating. Early detection and confirmation of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) are critical for controlling outbreaks. Diagnostic sampling currently uses di...
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes severe enteric disease and high mortality in piglets, yet effective therapeutic options remain scarce. To identify novel antivirals, we evaluated the inhibitory potential and molecular mechanisms of four...
The evolutionary trajectory of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 has fundamentally shifted from a sporadic agricultural pathogen to an enduring global panzootic [...]
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