This study focuses on the position of civil law research in the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus scientific databases. Two of the most reputable university rankings, the Shanghai Ranking of World Universities (Shanghai University Rankings) and the Tim...
As Finnish university admissions are reformed, more information is needed on the relationship between performance in prior education and later academic achievement. Transition to university is a critical period, and low performance in prior education...
The distribution of word probabilities in the monkey model of Zipf’s law is associated with two universality properties: (1) the exponent in the approximate power law approaches −1...
The American university has been guided by classical liberalism in its defense of the freedom of speech and academic freedom. The idea is that a university is a place where all ideas and perspectives can be debated. However, this idea is increasingly...
The quantitative relationship between material microstructures, such as grain distributions, and the nonlinear strain-hardening behaviors of polycrystalline metals has not yet been completely understood. This study finds that the grain correlation di...
Diverse learning algorithms, optimization methods, and natural selection share a common mathematical structure despite their apparent differences. Here, I show that a simple notational partitioning of change by the Price equation reveals a universal...
18 December 2020
Very few studies exist of legal interventions (national laws) for essential medicines as part of universal health coverage in middle-income countries, or how the effect of these laws is measured. This study aims to critically assess whether laws rela...
This article demonstrates that magnetic force and Newton’s law of universal gravitation can be derived from the solution of Maxwell’s equations for moving point charges. For this purpose, a plasma droplet model is postulated, consisting o...
Substantial grounds exist to doubt the universal validity of the Newtonian Paradigm that requires a pre-stated, fixed phase space. Therefore, the Second Law of Thermodynamics, stated only for fixed phase spaces, is also in doubt. The validity of the...
In this paper, we consider the question and present evidence as to whether or not Benford’s exponential first significant digit (FSD) law reflects a fundamental principle behind the complex and nondeterministic nature of large-scale physical and beha...
Based on historical facts, revisited from a present-day perspective, and on the documented opinions of the scientists involved in the discovery themselves, strong arguments are given in favor of a proposal to add prominent astronomer Vesto Slipher to...
The post-pandemic world has seen a large shift to hybrid working, including for staff at European universities. Under the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, European Union law, and the related non-discrimination law of the EU M...
Since 2012, the University of Udine has been directly involved in research to study the Friuli Venezia Giulia (FVG) solidarity-economy sector, even collaborating to develop the first regional law on the solidarity economy (ESol). Recently, the univer...
Machine learning-based image recognition is employed to investigate the annihilation dynamics of umbilic defects induced in systems of nematic liquid crystals doped with nanoparticles. A machine learning methodology based on a YOLO algorithm is train...
Why do fractals appear in so many domains of science? What is the physical principle that generates them? While it is true that fractals naturally appear in many physical systems, it has so far been impossible to derive them from first physical princ...
A major conceptual step forward in understanding the logical architecture of living systems was advanced by von Neumann with his universal constructor, a physical device capable of self-reproduction. A necessary condition for a universal constructor...
In the Anthropocene, humans have become the dominant force behind the transformation of the planet and its cultural landscapes. In recent decades, there has been a paradigm shift in the sciences, changing the focus from the study of separate componen...
Certain fluctuations in particle number, \(n\), at fixed total energy, \(E\), lead exactly to a cut-power law distribution in the one-particle energy, \(\omega\), via the induced fluctuations in the phase-space volume ratio, \(\Omega_n(E-\omega)/\Ome...
To define time in the homogeneous anisotropic Bianchi-IX model of the universe, we propose a classical equation of motion of the proper time of the universe as an additional gauge condition. This equation is the law of conservation of energy. As a re...
What are the differences in how public and private institutions of higher education, with religious schools as a subset of private colleges and universities, approach on-campus protests in a framework of civic engagement? Unfortunately, public, priva...
The review presents arguments emphasizing the importance of using the entropic measure of time (EMT) in the study of irreversible evolving systems. The possibilities of this measure for obtaining the laws of system evolution are shown. It is demonstr...
This study focused on the learning of interprofessional skills through an interdisciplinary university course provided to student teachers, and social work and law students. This study explored the development of the course, the aim of which was to r...
The present work is a brief review of the development of dynamical black holes from the geometric point view. Furthermore, in this context, universal thermodynamics in the FLRW model has been analyzed using the notion of the Kodama vector. Finally, s...
In this article, as a new mathematical approach to origin of the laws of nature, using a new basic algebraic axiomatic (matrix) formalism based on the ring theory and Clifford algebras (presented in Section 2), “it is shown that certain mathematical...
Research related with scaffold engineering tends to be cross-domain and miscellaneous. Several realms may need to be focused simultaneously, including biomedicine for cell culture and 3D scaffold, physics for dynamics, manufacturing for technologies...
From 1964 to the early 1970s, Orson Anderson led a research program at the Lamont Geological Observatory in the newly-emerging field of “mineral physics”. In collaboration with colleagues Edward Schreiber and Naohiro Soga, Orson exploited the techniq...
In August of 2022, the United States Department of Treasury sanctioned the virtual currency mixer Tornado Cash, an open-source and fully decentralised piece of software running on the Ethereum blockchain, subsequently leading to the arrest of one of...
In 2015, I wrote a book with the same title as this article. The book’s subtitle is: “What we know and what we do not know.” On the book’s dedication page, I wrote: “This book is dedicated to readers of popular science b...
We propose a universal readability index, GU, applicable to any alphabetical language and related to cognitive psychology, the theory of communication, phonics and linguistics. This index also considers readers’ short-term-memory processing cap...
We propose that short-term memory (STM), when processing a sentence, uses two independent units in series. The clues for conjecturing this model emerge from studying many novels from Italian and English Literature. This simple model, referring to the...
The mechanosensitivity of cells has recently been identified as a process that could greatly influence a cell’s fate. To understand the interaction between cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix, the characterization of the mechanical...
The discovery of the law of the wall, the log-law including the von Kármán constant, is seen to be one of the biggest accomplishments of fluid mechanics. However, after more than ninety years, there is still a controversial debate about...
We study some aspects of the emergence of lógos from xáos on a basal model of the universe using methods and techniques from algorithmic information and Ramsey theories. Thereby an intrinsic and unusual mixture of meaningful and spuriou...
In this article, we analyze the interrelationships among such notions as entropy, information, complexity, order and chaos and show using the theory of categories how to generalize the second law of thermodynamics as a law of increasing generalized e...
Life in the universe originated and is evolving in accordance with the general laws of nature, specifically, the law of temporal hierarchies and the second law of thermodynamics.
At its origins, thermodynamics was the study of heat and engines. Carnot transformed it into a scientific discipline by explaining engine power in terms of transfer of “caloric”. That idea became the second law of thermodynamics when Thomson and Clau...
It has previously been shown that it is more common to describe the evolution of the universe based on the emergence of space and the energy balance relation. Here we investigate the thermodynamic properties of the universe described by such a model....
Thermodynamics is a physical branch of science that governs the thermal behavior of dynamical systems from those as simple as refrigerators to those as complex as our expanding universe. The laws of thermodynamics involving conservation of energy and...
Traditionally dynamic analysis is done using Newton’s universal laws of the equation of motion. According to the laws of Newtonian mechanics, the x, y, z, space-time coordinate system does not include a term for energy loss, an empirical damping term...
Are your perceptions, memories and observations merely a statistical fluctuation arising from of the thermal equilibrium of the universe, bearing no correlation to the actual past state of the universe? Arguments are given in the literature for and a...
Both the Rouse and Doi-Edwards models can be expressed by the relaxation spectra, in the form of power-law functions. The concept of self-similarity has offered a simple solution to many problems in polymer physics. Since the solutions derived from s...
The knowledge of the universe as a whole, its origin, size and shape, its evolution and future, has always intrigued the human mind. Galileo wrote: “Nature’s great book is written in mathematical language.” This new journal will be devoted to both as...
The epistemic arrow of time is the fact that our knowledge of the past seems to be both of a different kind and more detailed than our knowledge of the future. Just like with the other arrows of time, it has often been speculated that the epistemic a...
Rotation of galaxies is examined by the general principle of least action. This law of nature describes a system in its surroundings, here specifically a galaxy in the surrounding Universe. According to this holistic theory the gravitational potentia...
This contribution lays bare the structure of EU food law as it appears from scholarly analysis at Wageningen University in the Netherlands. The structure of EU food law can be used as a framework for teaching, application, further analysis and compar...
Kleiber’s empirical law, which describes that metabolism increases as the mass to the power 3/4, has arguably remained life sciences’ enigma since its formal uncovering in 1930. Why is this behavior sustained over many orders of magnitude...
Indigenous Peoples associate their own laws with the laws of the natural world, which are formally known as or translated as Natural or First Law. These laws come from the Creator and the Land through our ancestral stories and therefore, they are sac...
Over fifty years ago Arthur Eddington wrote [1]: “The second law of thermodynamics holds, I think, the supreme position among the laws of Nature. If someone points out to you that your pet theory of the universe is in disagreement with Maxwell's equa...
Maxwell’s Demon is a thought experiment devised by J. C. Maxwell in 1867 in order to show that the Second Law of thermodynamics is not universal, since it has a counter-example. Since the Second Law is taken by many to provide an arrow of time, the t...
Although universal jurisdiction over piracy has long existed in customary international law and international conventions, such as the Convention on the High Seas (HSC) and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the piracy situ...
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