The tear film, consisting of the aqueous and lipid layers, maintains the homeostasis of the ocular surface; therefore, when disturbed, it can cause dry eye, which affects millions of people worldwide. Understanding the dynamics of the tear film layer...
Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal disorder characterized by thinning and protrusion, mostly of the inferotemporal and central corneal regions. Dysfunction of the meibomian gland, the excretions of which form the lipid layer of the tear film,...
The tear film at the ocular surface is covered by a thin layer of lipids. This oily phase stabilizes the film by decreasing its surface tension and improving its viscoelastic properties. Clinically, destabilization and rupture of the tear film are re...
Ozone exposure from environmental smog has been implicated as a risk factor for developing dry eye disease (DED). The tear film lipid layer (TFLL), which is the outermost layer of the tear film and responsible for surface tension reduction while blin...
Meibomian Glands (MG) are sebaceous glands responsible for the production of meibum, the main component of the Tear Film Lipid Layer (TFLL). The TFLL facilitates the spread of the tear film over the ocular surface, provides stability and reduces tear...
Soft contact lens (SCL) perturbs the intimate connection between the pre-lens tear film (PLTF) and the ocular surface in various ways, i.e., (i) decrease in tear meniscus radius and aqueous tear thickness, (ii) attenuation of tear film lipid layer sp...
Cationorm® (CN) cationic nanoemulsion was demonstrated to enhance tear film (TF) stability in vivo possibly via effects on tear film lipid layer (TFLL). Therefore the interactions of CN with human meibum (MGS) and TFLL in vitro and in vivo deserve sp...
Purpose: We aimed to analyze the effects of age on human tear film (TF) using a novel nanometer resolution TF imaging device (Tear Film Imager, TFI, AdOM, Israel). Methods: 44 healthy adult subjects (≥18 years of age) without ocular or systemic di...
This study aims at determining the thickness of the tear lipid layer (LL) observed from a placido-disc-based tear film analyzer. We prospectively collected reflections of placido-disk LL images using a tear film analyzer (Keratograph® 5M, Oculus)...
Ophthalmic nanoemulsions that can treat the deficiencies of meibum (MGS) in Meibomian gland disease and restore its functionality in the tear film are greatly sought. The Rohto Dry Aid (RDA) formulation employs TEARSHIELD TECHNOLOGYTM, which uses a m...
To evaluate the stability and permanence of the liquid film created after the instillation of 0.15% crosslinked hyaluronic acid with liposomes and crocin versus the effect of 0.15% standard hyaluronic acid, a prospective, longitudinal, single-blind,...
This study aimed to investigate the relationships between subjective symptoms, objective signs, and dermatochalasis severity in dry-eye patients and the effects of lid hygiene on dry-eye parameters. We retrospectively enrolled 2328 patients who under...
Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), a chronic abnormality of meibomian glands, causes various dry eye symptoms. Principal treatments for MGD are warm compression and mechanical squeezing of the eyelids. In this study, the immediate impact of this trea...
Babies have the most stable tears and people with dry eye have the least stable tears. Meibum may contribute to tear film stability, so in this study, the hydrocarbon chain conformation and rheology of meibum from babies was studied for the first tim...
Squalene (SQ) possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities (antioxidant, drug carrier, detoxifier, hydrating, emollient) that can be of benefit to the ocular surface. It can come in contact with human meibum (hMGS; the most abundant componen...
Most people with obesity who have undergone gastric bypass surgery have dyslipidemia. Because tear film layers play a major role in the pathogenesis of evaporative dry eye, some studies suggest that dry eye syndrome (DES) and dyslipidemia could coope...
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the tear film dynamics between individuals with low and high Contact Lens Dry Eye Disease Questionnaire (CLDEQ-8) scores when wearing Lehfilcon A silicone hydrogel water gradient contact lenses. In this study,...
To evaluate pre-lens tear film volume, stability and lipid interferometry patterns with a silicone hydrogel water content contact lens, a novel, noninvasive, ocular-surface-analyzer technology was used. A prospective, longitudinal, single-center, sel...
This study aimed to evaluate the non-invasive and subjective symptoms associated with Lehfilcon A water gradient silicone hydrogel contact lenses with bacterial and lipid resistance technology. A prospective, longitudinal, single-centre, self-control...
16 October 2022
The search for proteomic biomarkers in ocular disease is one of the most important research directions in recent years. Reliable biomarkers can be an immense adjuvant for both diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. There is no more readily available...
Recent clinical findings suggest that mucomimetic polymers (MMP) can alter not only the texture of the aqueous tear but also the spreading and structure of the tear film (TF) lipid layer, thereby allowing for their synchronized performance in vivo. T...
Meibomian gland disease is associated with quantitative or qualitative deficiencies of meibum (MGS) that result in tear film instability. Thus, there is great demand for ophthalmic nanoemulsions that can replenish MGS and recover its performance at t...
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate dry eye disease (DED) characteristics in patients with keratoconus (KC) using non-invasive methods. Methods: A total of 34 participants were included in the study. Corneal topography was conducted...
Aqueous-deficient dry eye (ADDE) and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) can be refractory to therapy. Intense pulsed light (IPL) was recently introduced as an effective treatment for MGD. We here evaluated the efficacy of IPL combined with MG expressi...
Sphingolipids are essential structural components of tear film that protect the surface of the eye from dehydration. A detailed analysis of the effects of pink eye infections on the sphingolipidome in cattle has not previously been undertaken. We rec...
Background: In systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients, dry eye syndrome (DES) is the most frequent ocular feature. The aim of this study was to investigate ocular DES-related SSc patients and to establish any correlation with the severity of the disease....
Background/Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a 0.1% cyclosporin A cationic emulsion (CsA-CE) for dry eye disease (DED) post-cataract surgery using the DED index measured with a Placido tear film analyzer. Methods: We retrospective...
Instability of the tear film (TF) protecting the ocular surface results in dry eye syndrome (DES), the most prevalent public health ophthalmic disease affecting the quality of life of 10 to 30% of the human population worldwide. Although the impact o...
Elevated levels of acyl chain saturation of meibomian lipids are associated with enhanced tear film (TF) stability in infants to shortened TF breakup time with meibomian gland dysfunction. Thus, the effect of saturation on the surface properties of h...
Dry eye disease is a common ocular condition affecting millions of people worldwide. Artificial tears are the first line therapy for the management of dry eye disease. Artificial tear formulations contain a variety of active ingredients, biologically...
The meibomian glands (MGs) within the eyelids produce a lipid-rich secretion that forms the superficial layer of the tear film. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) results in excessive evaporation of the tear film, which is the leading cause of dry eye...
Background and Objectives: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial ailment of the tears and ocular surface. The purpose of this study was to assess the tear film physiology under controlled dry environmental conditions and compare the efficacy of o...
Objective: To investigate the association of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and ocular surface exposure with tear film instability in untreated thyroid eye disease (TED) patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study of TED patients from September 202...
Posterior blepharitis and dry eye are common disorders with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), a principal driver of their pathophysiology. Meibomian gland dysfunction is increasingly prevalent in older populations with contributory hormonal imbalanc...
Lipid layers are considered among the first protective barriers of the human body against pollutants, e.g., skin, lung surfactant, or tear film. This makes it necessary to explore the physico-chemical bases underlying the interaction of pollutants an...
Background and Objectives: Tamarind-seed polysaccharide (TSP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) have mucoadhesive properties that improve drug absorption and delay in drug elimination from the ocular surface. We aimed to evaluate TSP/HA-containing formulation...
Dry eye disease (DED) is characterized by tear film instability and oxidative stress-induced epithelial damage. This study was conducted to compare the therapeutic effects of 2% rebamipide (REB) and 3% diquafosol (DQS) on oxidative stress-related apo...
Punctal occlusion (PO) is considered to improve both tear-film instability and increased friction during blinking and may consequently affect blinks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PO on blinks. This study involved 16 eyes...
Background: We aimed to evaluate the effects of 0.3% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) tear substitute treatment in dry eye disease (DED), as well as treatment compliance and adverse events (AEs). Methods: In this prospective, longitudinal study, a total...
Dry eye disease (DED) is most commonly caused by evaporative subtypes and mainly induced by meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Intense pulsed light (IPL) combined with meibomian gland expression (MGX) is a noninvasive treatment for improvement of ocu...
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of combined 5% lifitegrast (LF) and tocopherol (TCP) eye drops in a murine experimental dry eye (EDE) model. Methods: Female C57BL/6 were divided into seven groups: untreated...
Elevated levels of acyl chain saturation of meibomian lipids are associated with vastly different effects: from enhanced tear film (TF) stability in infants to shortened TF breakup time in meibomian gland disease patients. Thus it is important to stu...
Sebaceous adenitis and concurrent meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) were diagnosed in a two-year-old mongrel dog presenting with hypotrichosis, exfoliative dermatitis and blepharitis. Diagnosis of sebaceous adenitis was based on history, clinical sig...
Analysis of higher-order aberrations (HOAs) is one reported method for evaluating dry eye disease (DED)-related loss of visual function. Tear film (TF) instability and corneal epithelial damage (CED) are both reportedly responsible for HOAs in DED, a...
Corneal fluorescein staining in a form that is commonly called a “patchy pattern (PP)” is sometimes seen with or without superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK) in dry-eye diseases (DEDs). Here, we investigated the differences in the clinical features...
The pre-lens tear film (PLTF) over (i) delefilcon A silicone hydrogel water gradient (WG; 33–80% from core to surface) contact lenses (CLs) (SHWG-CLs) and (ii) subjects’ own non-WG soft CLs (SCLs) (SO-SCLs) was studied in 30 eyes of 30 su...
The ocular surface is covered by a tear film consisting of an aqueous/mucin phase and a superficial lipid layer. Mucins, highly O-glycosylated proteins, are responsible for lubrication and ocular surface protection. Due to contact lens wear or eye di...
Background: The aim of the present study was to establish a cut-off value of the Lipid Layer Pattern (LLP) between participants with different subtypes of Dry Eye Disease (DED) including Deficient Dry Eye (ADDE), Evaporative Dry Eye (EDE), and Mixed...
Objectives: We aimed to investigate dry eye parameters as potential predisposing factors and estimate the prevalence of high-frequency topical eye drop usage. Methods: A total of 5594 dry eye patients treated between November 2015 and June 2022 were...
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) may aggravate dry eye disease (DED). Corni Fructus (CF), which is fruit of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc., has been reported to have various beneficial pharmacological effects, whereas the effect of CF on the eye is...
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