Insights into Tear Film Stability from Babies and Young Adults: A Study of Human Meibum Lipid Conformation and Rheology
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Phase Transition Parameters by Infrared Spectroscopy
2.2. Langmuir Trough Study
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Collection and Processing of Human Meibum
4.2. Infrared Spectroscopic Study
4.3. Langmuir Trough Study
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Cy, My | Co, Mo | p |
---|---|---|---|
Average Age (year) | 3.9 (0.5) | 20.0 (0.8) | >0.05 |
Age Range (year) | 1 to 12 | 13 to 25 | |
Gender (% male) | 76 | 78 | |
Race (%) | C (88), B (8), A (4) | C (72), B (5.5) A (17) ? (5.5) | |
Tm | 27 (1) | 31.0 (0.8) | 0.028 * |
Cooperativity (Hill Coefficient) | 7.3 (0.6) | 7.8 (0.6) | >0.05 |
Order 36.0 °C (% trans) | 32 (1) | 37 (2) | <0.02 * |
Order 33.4 °C (% trans) | 37 (1) | 42 (2) | 0.008 * |
Δ enthalpy (kcal/mol) | 141 (8) | 142 (9) | >0.05 |
Δ entropy (kcal/mol/degree) | 0.45 (0.02) | 0.48 (0.03) | >0.05 |
Magnitude (cm−1) | 4.2 (0.1) | 4.0 (0.2) | >0.05 |
Minimum Frequency (cm−1) | 2849.60 (0.04) | 2849.63 (0.08) | >0.05 |
Maximum Frequency (cm−1) | 2853.77 (0.09) | 2853.7 (0.2) | >0.05 |
Δ Order 33.4 °C–36.0 °C (% trans) | 4.8 (0.7) | 5.1 (0.3) | >0.05 |
Number of Participants | 25 | 18 |
Sample * | Cs−1 at Lift-Off (mN/m) | Surface Area Range for Inflection (cm2) | Pressure Range for Inflection (mN/m) | Πmax (mN/m) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adult | 9 | 47–38 | 0–2 | 17 | 14 |
8.5CF | 6 | 68–49 | 0–2 | 15 | 13 |
1.8CM | 0 | 66–43; 19–15 | 0–3, 10–13 | 12 | 13 |
0.6CM | Near zero | 90–72 | 10–11 | 5 | 15 |
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Mudgil, P.; Borchman, D.; Ramasubramanian, A. Insights into Tear Film Stability from Babies and Young Adults: A Study of Human Meibum Lipid Conformation and Rheology. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 3502. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113502
Mudgil P, Borchman D, Ramasubramanian A. Insights into Tear Film Stability from Babies and Young Adults: A Study of Human Meibum Lipid Conformation and Rheology. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(11):3502. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113502
Chicago/Turabian StyleMudgil, Poonam, Douglas Borchman, and Aparna Ramasubramanian. 2018. "Insights into Tear Film Stability from Babies and Young Adults: A Study of Human Meibum Lipid Conformation and Rheology" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 11: 3502. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113502