Seafloor heat flow measurements are utilized to determine the geothermal regime of the Danube deep-sea fan in the western Black Sea and are presented in the larger context of regional gas hydrate occurrences. Heat flow data were collected across pale...
Sea level monitoring is an essential foundational project for studying global climate change and the rise in sea levels. Satellite radar altimeters, which can sometimes provide inaccurate sea surface height data near the coast, are affected by both t...
Baselines are used to establish the maritime boundaries of a coastal state which include the territorial sea, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone and continental shelf; thus, they are instrumental in implementing state maritime policy. For Polan...
This study aims to explore the joint usage of multisource scatterometer measurements in polar sea water and ice discrimination. All radar backscatter measurements from current operating satellite scatterometers are considered, including the C-band AS...
Satellite altimetry data from X-TRACK products were analyzed for an overall assessment of their capability to detect coastal sea level variability in the Ligurian Sea. Near-coastal altimetry data, collected from 2009 to 2016 along track n.044, were c...
Ice load is a crucial factor when designing structures for polar vessels. Due to the unpredictable nature of sea ice mechanics and the complexity of ship structures, obtaining ice load characteristics through full-scale measurements is considered mor...
Particulate volume scattering function (VSF), especially at angles larger than 170°, is of particular importance for interpreting ocean optical remote sensing signals and underwater imagery. In this study, a laboratory-based VSF instrument (VSFla...
Moored near-bottom current velocity and water temperature measurements were performed during a period of 194 days (from October 2022 through April 2023) with a 15-min sampling rate at two locations on the shelf of the Kazakhstan sector of the Caspian...
Sea waves constitute a natural phenomenon with a great impact on human activities, and their monitoring is essential for meteorology, coastal safety, navigation, and renewable energy from the sea. Therefore, the main measurement techniques for their...
The evolution of the three-dimensional thermohaline structure of mesoscale eddies is crucial for assessing energy and mass transfer during their long-distance propagation in the ocean. However, the understanding and quantitative evaluation of the rol...
The increasing number of wind farms installed in the North Sea has an impact on the downstream wind speed. This has been hypothesized as well for sea state properties. Wave effects can be expected in particular in fetch-limited conditions with offsho...
There is a wide consensus within the polar science, meteorology, and oceanography communities that more in situ observations of the ocean, atmosphere, and sea ice are required to further improve operational forecasting model skills. Traditionally, th...
Sea level measurements are of critical importance in the verification of tsunami generation. When a large earthquake occurs in a subduction zone and the Regional Tsunami Service Providers of UNESCO/IOC issue alerts, sea level measurements are used to...
A method for retrieving 2D spatial spectra of sea wave elevations and slopes from high resolution (about 1 m) satellite imagery has been developed that also allows for assessing sea wave angular distributions. A validation of the suggested method was...
In order to study the space-time characteristics of sea clutter, the sea clutter is always measured by the airborne multichannel radar; however, the sea clutter shows the heterogeneity between range gates, which means the space-time covariance matrix...
Validating Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) data has become a key component of the Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite mission. In this study, the gridded SMOS SSS products are compared with in situ SSS data from analyzed products, a ship-based t...
Hyperspectral remote sensing technology can acquire nearly continuous spectrum information and rich sea ice image information, thus providing an important means of sea ice detection. However, the correlation and redundancy among hyperspectral bands r...
The electromagnetic (EM) scattering characteristics of the rough sea surface is very important for target surveying and detection in a sea environment. This work proposes a scaled sea surface designing method based on a rough thin-film medium. For th...
This paper reports on an investigation on the influence of waves on the sea surface height error, σh, as measured by Delay Doppler satellite altimetry (DDA). CryoSat-2 altimeter sea surface height (SSH) data in the North Sea, processed in both...
Expansive areas of low elevation in many densely populated coastal areas are at elevated risk of storm surges and flooding due to torrential precipitation, as a result of sea level rise. These phenomena could have catastrophic impacts on coastal comm...
This study presents mathematical analysis and numerical modeling for the estimation of measurement errors of height estimation over the sea surface for a precision radar altimeter installed in a low altitude flying vehicle. Reflective properties of t...
Effectiveness verification of weapon equipment and the selection of stealth material are inseparable from target radar cross-section (RCS) measurement. For RCS characteristic analysis of sea surface small targets, a fishing vessel was measured using...
Ocean salinity plays an important role in oceanographic research as one of the fundamental parameters. An optical salinometer based on the Michelson interferometer (MI) suitable for in situ measurement in deep-sea environments is proposed in this wor...
Considering the theoretical research needs of gravity gradient detection and navigation, this study uses the right rectangular prism method to calculate the disturbing gravity gradient from sea level anomalies in the range of 5° × 5° in...
The backscatter characteristics of ocean surfaces are of great importance in active marine remote-sensing fields. This paper presents the high spatial and temporal resolution dual co-polarized (VV and HH) and cross-polarized (HV) Ka-band sea-surface...
Wave buoy measurements were carried out near the northeastern Black Sea coast at the natural reserve Utrish in 2020–2021. In total, about 11 months of data records were collected during two stages of the experiment at 600 and 1500 m offshore an...
The mean sea surface topography of the Ionian and Adriatic Seas has been determined. This was based on six-months of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements which were performed on the Ionian Queen (a ship). The measurements were analy...
A method for evaluating Kullback–Leibler (KL) divergence and Squared Hellinger (SH) distance between empirical data and a model distribution is proposed. This method exclusively utilises the empirical Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) of t...
The Ku-band scatterometer called CSCAT onboard the Chinese–French Oceanography Satellite (CFOSAT) is the first spaceborne rotating fan-beam scatterometer (RFSCAT). This paper performs sea ice monitoring with the CSCAT backscatter measurements i...
The parameters influencing the sea level measured with ultrasonic devices that are analyzed in this paper are the air temperature, atmospheric pressure and wind speed. As these variations are independent to each other and to the sea level, they can b...
Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations are resulting in a reduction in seawater pH, with potential detrimental consequences for marine organisms. Improved efforts are required to monitor the anthropogenically driven pH decrease in the context of n...
Studies of global sea level often exclude Tide Gauges (TGs) in glaciated regions due to vertical land movement. Recent studies show that geodetic GNSS stations can be used to estimate sea level by taking advantage of the reflections from the ocean su...
Sea surface salinity (SSS) is an important tracer for monitoring the Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) extension into Korean coastal regions; however, observing the SSS distribution in near real time is a difficult task. In this study, SSS detection alg...
Earlier studies of spatial variability in sea surface temperature (SST) using ship-based radiometric data suggested that variability at scales smaller than 1 km is significant and affects the perceived uncertainty of satellite-derived SSTs. Here, we...
28 September 2022
Background: The Dead Sea basin is the lowest terrestrial site on the globe and is internationally recognized as a photoclimatotherapy center. Since the last century, questions were raised regarding a possible presence of unique incident ultraviolet i...
Multi-year field measurements of sea surface Ka-band dual-co-polarized (vertical transmit–receive polarization (VV) and horizontal transmit–receive polarization (HH)) radar Doppler characteristics from an oceanographic platform in the Bla...
Surface wind speed measurements from a satellite radar altimeter are used to adjust altimeter sea level measurements via sea state bias range correction. We focus here on previously neglected ocean radar backscatter and subsequent wind speed variatio...
A parametric wave spectrum resembling procedure is applied to detect the sea state parameters, namely the wave peak period and significant wave height, based on the measurement and analysis of the heave and pitch motions of a vessel in a seaway, reco...
California sea lions are among the most agile of swimming mammals. Most marine mammals swim with their hind appendages—flippers or flukes, depending on the species—whereas sea lions use their foreflippers for propulsion and maneuvering. T...
To assess the viability of locations for wave energy farms and design effective coastal protection measures, knowledge of local wave regimes is required. The work described herein aims to develop a low-cost, self-powering wave-measuring device that c...
Atmospheric-chemical coupled models usually parameterize sea-salt aerosol (SSA) emissions using whitecap fraction estimated considering only wind speed and ignoring sea state. This approach may introduce inaccuracies in SSA simulation. This study aim...
The data of the sea reflectance coefficient were obtained during the cruise of the R/V “Akademik Ioffe” (10 August–8 September 2021) in the Kara Sea beyond the Arctic Circle. A total of 28 measurements of sea reflectance were perfor...
Globally, aquaculture contributes to sustainable food and nutritional stability. However, stress conditions constitute a major threat affecting farmed-fish welfare and fish farms’ performances. In this regard, the present study was aimed at mea...
Mercury is a toxic pollutant emitted from both natural sources and through human activities. A global interest in atmospheric mercury has risen ever since the discovery of the Minamata disease in 1956. Properties of gaseous elemental mercury enable l...
The Ku-band scatterometer called CSCAT onboard the Chinese–French Oceanography Satellite (CFOSAT) is the first spaceborne rotating fan-beam scatterometer (RFSCAT). A new algorithm for classification of Arctic sea ice types on CSCAT measurement...
Upwelling leads to a sharp and strong decrease in water temperature in the coastal zone of the southeastern Baltic Sea. The quality of existing hydrodynamic models cannot fully meet the requirements of accurate upwelling forecasts. This study provide...
A conically scanning, continuous-wave LIDAR is placed on an island in the central Baltic Sea with large open-water fetch, providing wind and turbulence profiles up to 300 m height. LIDAR and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) profiles from one ye...
The 1-day fast-sampling orbit phase of the Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite mission provides a unique opportunity to analyze high-frequency sea-state variability and its implications for altimeter sea state bias (SSB) model development...
One of the key sources of uncertainties in sea ice freeboard and thickness estimates derived from satellite radar altimetry results from changes in sea ice surface properties. In this study, we analyse this effect, comparing upward-looking sonar (ULS...
5 June 2021
In this paper, an eco-efficiency analysis is conducted using the epsilon-based measure data envelopment analysis (EBM-DEA) model for Russian cities along the Northern Sea Route (NSR). The EBM-DEA model includes five input variables: population, capit...
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