mRNA vaccines have been demonstrated as a powerful alternative to traditional conventional vaccines because of their high potency, safety and efficacy, capacity for rapid clinical development, and potential for rapid, low-cost manufacturing. These va...
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines belong to a new class of medications, RNA therapeutics, including both coding and non-coding RNAs. The use of mRNA as a therapy is based on the biological role of mRNA itself, namely its translation into a functional pro...
SARS-CoV-2 virus, the causative agent of COVID-19, has produced the largest pandemic in the 21st century, becoming a very serious health problem worldwide. To prevent COVID-19 disease and infection, a large number of vaccines have been developed and...
In mRNA vaccines against COVID-19, a new technology that had never been used for approved drugs was applied and succeeded in rapid clinical use. The development and application of new technologies are critical to solving emerging public health proble...
DNA and RNA vaccines (nucleic acid-based vaccines) are a promising platform for vaccine development. The first mRNA vaccines (Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech) were approved in 2020, and a DNA vaccine (Zydus Cadila, India), in 2021. They display unique be...
Malignant neoplasms, like non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), remain a major global health challenge. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with over two million new cases and 1.8 million deaths annually. NSCLC accounts...
Relative risk reduction and absolute risk reduction measures in the evaluation of clinical trial data are poorly understood by health professionals and the public. The absence of reported absolute risk reduction in COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials ca...
Pivotal trials of COVID-19 vaccines did not include cancer patients, with questions remaining about their safety and efficacy in this population. Patients enrolled in early-phase clinical trials receive novel treatments with unknown efficacy and safe...
COVID-19 vaccines are indispensable, with the number of cases and mortality still rising, and currently no medicines are routinely available for reducing morbidity and mortality, apart from dexamethasone, although others are being trialed and launche...
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a severe healthcare problem worldwide since the first outbreak in late December 2019. Currently, the COVID-19 vaccine has been used in many countries, but it is still unable to control the s...
Background/Objectives: The development of an effective HIV vaccine has faced persistent challenges, as evidenced by the recent discontinuation of the Mosaico phase 3 trial. This study aims to critically examine the obstacles encountered in HIV vaccin...
Pharmacovigilance databases are showing evidence of injury in the context of the modified COVID-19 mRNA products. According to recent publications, adverse event reports linked to the mRNA COVID-19 injections largely point to the spike protein as an...
Malaria remains a significant global health challenge. Although the recent approval of the liver-stage vaccines RTS, S and R21 marks significant progress in malaria control, challenges remain in achieving long-lasting and broad protection. In this re...
mRNA vaccines have amassed a strong interest from scientists and nonscientists alike for their potential in treating cancer and curbing the spread of infectious diseases. Their success has been bolstered by the COVID-19 pandemic as mRNA vaccines for...
Extensive research into mRNA vaccines for cancer therapy in preclinical and clinical trials has prepared the ground for the quick development of immune-specific mRNA vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therapeutic cancer vaccines based on mRNA are...
This review provides a comparison of the theoretical issues and experimental findings for plasmid DNA and mRNA vaccine technologies. While both have been under development since the 1990s, in recent years, significant excitement has turned to mRNA de...
The recent success of mRNA vaccines in SARS-CoV-2 clinical trials is in part due to the development of lipid nanoparticle delivery systems that not only efficiently express the mRNA-encoded immunogen after intramuscular injection, but also play roles...
Background/Objectives: Since their approval in early 2020, mRNA vaccines have gained significant attention since the COVID-19 pandemic as a potential therapeutic approach to tackle several infectious diseases. This article aims to review the current...
Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based drugs, notably mRNA vaccines, have been widely proven as a promising treatment strategy in immune therapeutics. The extraordinary advantages associated with mRNA vaccines, including their high efficacy, a relat...
Initial clinical trials and surveillance data have shown that the most commonly administered BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine is effective and safe. However, several cases of mRNA vaccine-induced mild to moderate adverse events were recently reported....
Malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of cancer and the leading cause of death from skin tumors. Given the increased incidence of melanoma diagnoses in recent years, it is essential to develop effective treatments to control this dis...
In the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, mRNA vaccines hold great promise because of their low risk of insertional mutagenesis, high potency, accelerated development cycles, and potential for low-cost manufacture. In past years, severa...
Melanoma remains one of the deadliest cutaneous malignancies worldwide, and despite advances in systemic therapy, recurrence and treatment resistance remain frequent challenges. Following the success of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, mRNA-based cancer vacci...
This study builds upon the groundbreaking mRNA vaccine Nobel Prize win in 2023 for COVID-19 prevention, paving the way for next-generation mRNA cancer vaccines to revolutionize immunotherapy. Despite the existing challenges, such as the presence of a...
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and most malignant primary brain tumor, presenting significant treatment challenges due to its heterogeneity, invasiveness, and resistance to conventional therapies. Despite aggressive treatment protocols, the pr...
The major advantage of mRNA vaccines over more conventional approaches is their potential for rapid development and large-scale deployment in pandemic situations. In the current COVID-19 crisis, two mRNA COVID-19 vaccines have been conditionally appr...
Explosive developments in mRNA vaccine technology in the last decade have made it possible to achieve great success in clinical trials of mRNA vaccines to prevent infectious diseases and develop cancer treatments and mRNA-based gene therapy products....
Advances in the using in vitro transcribed (IVT) modRNA in the past two decades, especially the tremendous recent success of mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, have brought increased attention to IVT mRNA technology. Despite its well-known use in infe...
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for millions of deaths every year. Immunotherapy is a groundbreaking approach for treating cancer through harnessing the power of the immune system to target and eliminate cancer cells. Cancer...
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and varicella–zoster virus (VZV) pose significant risks to the elderly and individuals with compromised immune systems. In this study, we investigated whether combining RSV and VZV vaccines could re...
mRNA vaccines have emerged as an optimistic technological platform for vaccine innovation in this new scientific era. mRNA vaccines have dramatically altered the domain of vaccinology by offering a versatile and rapid approach to combating infectious...
While cancer immunotherapies have become central to treatment, challenges associated with the ability of tumors to evade the immune system remain significant obstacles. At the heart of this issue is the tumor immune microenvironment, the complex inte...
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine development for preventive and therapeutic applications has evolved rapidly over the last decade. The mRVNA vaccine has proven therapeutic efficacy in various applications, including infectious disease, immunotherapy, gen...
Although pediatric populations experienced lower COVID-19 severity and mortality than adults, the epidemiology of this disease continues to evolve. COVID-19 clinical manifestations in pediatrics commonly include fever and cough, but may differ from a...
Background: Recent advances in mRNA vaccine technology, accelerated by the global COVID-19 pandemic, have generated significant interest in their applications beyond infectious diseases. Dentistry has emerged as a promising field for exploring the po...
Over the past 20 years, intensive research has been conducted on the development of therapeutic mRNA, leading to numerous discoveries that have enabled its use in therapy. The main achievements in this field include increasing mRNA stability, reducin...
To date, there is still a paucity of data from Phase III trials concerning the efficacy of vaccines against COVID-19. Furthermore, no studies investigated the variables that may modulate the efficacy of vaccination. The aim of this analysis was to as...
This review provides an overview covering mRNA from its use in the COVID-19 pandemic to cancer immunotherapy, starting from the selection of appropriate antigens, tumor-associated and tumor-specific antigens, neoantigens, the basics of optimizing the...
The frail, elderly population is often characterized by poor immunogenicity post COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. “Inflame-ageing” and “immune-senescence” are pathogenetic mechanisms that might explain this phenomenon. Complex inter...
Previous studies have shown that the herpes zoster subunit vaccine Shingrix™ performs well in clinical trials. However, the key ingredient in its adjuvant, QS21, is extracted from rare plants in South America, so vaccine production is limited....
Genitourinary (GU) cancers, including prostate, bladder, and renal cancers, represent a significant burden on global health. Conventional treatments, while effective in certain contexts, face limitations due to tumor heterogeneity, therapeutic resist...
Background: Although mRNA vaccines encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have demonstrated a safety profile with minimal serious adverse events in clinical trials, there is opportunity to further reduce mRNA reactogenicity. The development of na...
Recent advances and discoveries in the structure and role of mRNA as well as novel lipid-based delivery modalities have enabled the advancement of mRNA therapeutics into the clinical trial space. The manufacturing of these products is relatively simp...
Background/Objectives: Rapid development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 was pivotal to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. The emergency also provided a rare opportunity to test novel vaccine platforms such as mRNA in large clinical trials. Most of th...
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most aggressive malignancies, with 5-year survival rates consistently below 5% despite advances in surgery, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Worldwide, PDAC remains highly lethal, with 458...
About two years have passed since the identification of SARS-CoV-2 in China. The rapid spread of this virus all over the world and its high transmissibility and pathogenicity in humans have resulted in a global pandemic. The negative impact of COVID-...
The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the therapeutics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been a game-changer in the management of patients with lung cancer; however, challenges do exist since a non-negligible subset of patients...
The BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines, consisting of mRNA, have recently become available. The absolute novelty of these vaccines introduces questions about their safety and efficacy, especially in patients who are treated with biological drugs in derm...
Although the safety profiles of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines (mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2) were evaluated in pre-authorization clinical trials, real-world data allow us to better define their benefit/risk ratio in the paediatric population. The current study ai...
This study focuses on cardiovascular manifestation, particularly myocarditis and pericarditis events, after BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine injection in Thai adolescents. This prospective cohort study enrolled students aged 13–18 years from two...
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