108 Results Found

Developing reliable methodologies of data quality assessment is of paramount importance for maximizing the exploitation of Earth observation (EO) products. Among the different factors influencing EO optical image quality, sharpness has a relevant rol...

Satellite edge computing (SEC) plays an increasing role in earth observation, due to its global coverage and low-latency computing service. In SEC, it is pivotal to offload diverse observation-data-processing tasks to the appropriate satellites. Neve...

Integrated communication–sensing–computing (ICSC) satellites, which integrate edge computing servers on Earth observation satellites to process collected data directly in orbit, are attracting growing attention. Nevertheless, some monitor...

Assessing the performance of optical imaging systems is crucial to evaluate their capability to satisfy the product requirements for an Earth Observation (EO) mission. In particular, the evaluation of image quality is undoubtedly one of the most impo...

Mapping the time-variable calving front location (CFL) of Antarctic ice shelves is important for estimating the freshwater budget, as an indicator of changing ocean and structural conditions or as a precursor of dynamic instability. Here, we present...

The increasing demand for high-resolution hyperspectral images from nano and microsatellites conflicts with the strict bandwidth constraints for downlink transmission. A possible approach to mitigate this problem consists in reducing the amount of da...

One of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals is climate action (SDG-13), and wildfire is among the catastrophic events that both impact climate change and are aggravated by it. In Australia and other countries, large-scale wildfires h...

Accurate maps of surface water are essential for many environmental applications. Surface water maps can be generated by combining measurements from multiple sources. Precise estimation of surface water using satellite imagery remains a challenging t...

The measured antenna temperature of microwave radiometers differs from the true brightness temperature due to antenna pattern effects. Corrections for the antenna pattern effects constitutes an essential component of microwave radiometer calibration....

In recent years, Earth observation (EO) satellites have generated big amounts of geospatial data that are freely available for society and researchers. This scenario brings challenges for traditional spatial data infrastructures (SDI) to properly sto...

The Moon provides a long-term, stable, and unique location for Earth observation. Several space agencies, such as NASA, ESA, and CNSA, have conducted lunar explorations. To build a Moon-based observation station, site selection is the first step. The...

To monitor the Earth’s surface, the satellite of the NASA Landsat program provides us image sequences of any region on the Earth constantly over time. These image sequences give us a unique resource to study the Earth’s surface, changes of the Earth...

VideoSAR (Video Synthetic Aperture Radar) technology provides an important mean for real-time and continuous earth observation, whereas the ever-changing scattering characteristics may destroy the accuracy of target motion perception and bring in mas...

The drift angle caused by the Earth’s self-rotation may introduce rotational displacement artifact on the geolocation results of imagery acquired by an Earth observing sensor onboard the International Space Station (ISS). If uncorrected, it would cau...

For time domain transient electromagnetic measurement, the negative sign often appears in the polarization region, which contains the induced polarization information. It is considered that the polarization effect is caused by the capacitance charge...

This study examines the in-situ lateral static load behavior of a closed-diaphragm wall foundation, aiming to better understand its load–displacement response, structural behavior, and soil interaction under horizontal loading. An in-situ stati...

Satellite sensors like Landsat 8 OLI (L8) and Sentinel-2 MSI (S2) provide valuable multispectral Earth observations that differ in spatial resolution and spectral bands, limiting synergistic use. L8 has a 30 m resolution and a lower revisit frequency...

We introduce resource allocation techniques for problems where (i) the agents express requests for obtaining item bundles as compact edge-weighted directed acyclic graphs (each path in such a graph is a bundle whose valuation is the sum of the weight...

The Soil Moisture Active–Passive (SMAP) mission has greatly contributed to the use of remote sensing technologies for monitoring the Earth’s land surface and estimating geophysical parameters that influence the climate system. Since the S...

The sudden increase of fluxes of quasi-trapped energetic electrons under the Earth’s radiation belt (ERB) has remained a puzzling phenomenon for decades. It is known as enhancements of forbidden energetic electrons (FEEs). The FEE enhancements...

Land cover (LC) is a crucial parameter for studying environmental phenomena. Cutting-edge technology such as remote sensing (RS) and cloud computing have made LC change mapping efficient. In this study, the LC of Rupandehi District of Nepal were mapp...

Edge detection techniques identify the horizontal extents of the underground geological bodies and work well in association with magnetic as well as seismic data. Even though the detected edges might not be a lithological contact, they offer first-ha...

Fractional calculus provides efficient physical models to quantify non-Fickian dynamics broadly observed within the Earth system. The potential advantages of using fractional partial differential equations (fPDEs) for real-world problems are often li...

Accurate determination of the amount of incoming solar radiation at Earth’s surface is important for both climate studies and solar power applications. Satellite-based datasets of solar radiation offer wide spatial and temporal coverage, but careful...

Mapping of the Arctic region is increasingly important in light of global warming as land cover maps can provide the foundation for upscaling of ecosystem properties and processes. To this end, satellite images provide an invaluable source of Earth o...

The aims of the present study were to use Langmuir Probe payload electron density data and Plasma Analyzer Package payload O+ density data from the Zhangheng-1 electromagnetic satellite to statistically analyze anomalies in electron and oxygen ion de...

Higher spatial resolution imaging data are considered desirable in many Earth observation applications. In this work, we propose and demonstrate the TARSGAN (learning Terrestrial image deblurring using Adaptive weighted dense Residual Super-resolutio...

Despite the growing number of remote-sensing products from satellite sensors, mapping of the combined spatial distribution and temporal variability of inundation in tropical wetlands remains challenging. An emerging innovative approach is offered by...

Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) is a rapidly developing Earth observation technology that makes use of signals of opportunity from Global Navigation Satellite Systems that have been reflected off the Earth’s surface. The Cyc...

Many slope failures have been observed in deep-cutting gorges in Southwest China due to rainfall events. This study conducted model-based tests of the failure of a gently dipping accumulation slope caused by intermittent rainfall. The physical model...

This study investigates the influence of rare earth elements Ce and Y on the evolution of inclusions in T91 steel by melting experimental steels with varying Ce-Y contents in a vacuum induction melting furnace. The results show that the inclusions in...

Profiting from the powerful feature extraction and representation capabilities of deep learning (DL), aerial image semantic segmentation based on deep neural networks (DNNs) has achieved remarkable success in recent years. Nevertheless, the security...

Faced with the problem of incompatibility between traditional information acquisition mode and spaceborne earth observation tasks, starting from the general mathematical model of compressed sensing, a theoretical model of block compressed sensing was...

Advances in Earth observation technology using multispectral imagery from satellite Earth observation systems and sensors mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are enabling more accurate crop monitoring. These images, once processed, facilitate...

The shadow-height method has been extensively used to extract the heights of buildings from the shadows they cast in non-stereo (single view) aerial and satellite imagery. However, the use of this method in Earth sciences has been limited, partially...

In recent years, at the Kınık Höyük archeological site in Niğde province in Turkey, a city square (plaza) located in the town’s acropolis was discovered. Context and spatial finds indicate that this stone-paved plaza da...

ESA’s upcoming satellite Sentinel-2 will provide Earth images of high spatial, spectral and temporal resolution and aims to ensure continuity for Landsat and SPOT observations. In comparison to the latter sensors, Sentinel-2 incorporates three new sp...

With the ability for all-day, all-weather acquisition, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) remote sensing is an important technique in modern Earth observation. However, the interpretation of SAR images is a highly challenging task, even for well-trained...

The sorption of dissolved inorganic pollutants into the structure of minerals is an important process that controls the mobility and fate of these pollutants in the Earth’s crust. It also modifies the surface structure and composition of the host min...

Understanding the effects of Earth’s surface topography on Global Navigation Satellite Systems Reflectometry (GNSS-R) space-borne data is important to calibrate experimental measurements, so as to provide accurate soil moisture content (SMC) retrieva...

Orbital Edge Computing (OEC) capability on board satellites in Earth Observation (EO) constellations would surely enable a more effective usage of bandwidth, since the possibility to process images on board enables extracting and sending only useful...

This paper investigates the problem of computation offloading and resource allocation in an integrated space–air–sea network based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites supporting Maritime Internet of Things (M-IoT) de...

Desertification poses critical threats to agricultural productivity and socio-economic stability, particularly in vulnerable regions like Thatta and Badin districts of Sindh, Pakistan. Traditional monitoring methods lack the accuracy and temporal res...

Remote sensing technology has become an indispensable core means for Earth observation. As two of the most commonly used remote sensing modalities, the fusion of optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) (OPT-SAR fusion) can effectively overcome the...

In synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ocean remote sensing, it is very difficult to estimate an accurate azimuth antenna pattern (AAP) from low-scattering SAR images without strong scattering targets. Therefore, an azimuth antenna pattern estimation meth...

Accurate assessment of the extent of crop distribution and mapping different crop types are essential for monitoring and managing modern agriculture. Medium and high spatial resolution remote sensing (RS) for Earth observation and deep learning (DL)...

A new method to identify short-rotation eucalyptus plantations by exploring both the changing pattern of vegetation indices due to tree crop rotation and spectral characteristics of eucalyptus in the red-edge region is presented. It can be adopted to...

Alumina ceramics were obtained from three different alumina sources, A1–A3, with various rare-earth dopants (La2O3–La, Nd2O3–Nd, and Y2O3–Y), concentration levels (500 and 1000 ppm) and synthesizing routes (1500 °C, 1815 &...

MEMS (Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems) sensors enable a vast range of applications: among others, the use of MEMS accelerometers for seismology related applications has been emerging considerably in the last decade. In this paper, we provide a compr...

The origin of Dzi beads, also called “tian zhu”, has always been a mystery. These beads come in a variety of patterns, shapes and sizes. They have cultural and heritage significance in Tibet and areas surrounding the Himalayas. The most r...