In the rapidly evolving field of computer vision and machine learning, 3D skeleton estimation is critical for applications such as motion analysis and human–computer interaction. While stereo cameras are commonly used to acquire 3D skeletal dat...
The combination of a camera and a 2D laser rangefinder (LRF) is widely used in robotics, mapping, and unmanned driving to simultaneously obtain the 3D geometry and color texture of a scene. However, data misregistration between the camera and the LRF...
An image fusion method has been proposed for plant images taken using a two-dimensional (2D) camera and three-dimensional (3D) portable lidar for obtaining a 3D distribution of physiological and biochemical plant properties. In this method, a 2D mult...
In this paper, an intelligent blind guide system based on 2D LiDAR and RGB-D camera sensing is proposed, and the system is mounted on a smart cane. The intelligent guide system relies on 2D LiDAR, an RGB-D camera, IMU, GPS, Jetson nano B01, STM32, an...
Common single-line 2D LiDAR sensors and cameras have become core components in the field of robotic perception due to their low cost, compact size, and practicality. However, during the data fusion process, the randomness and complexity of real indus...
Occupied grid maps are sufficient for mobile robots to complete metric navigation tasks in domestic environments. However, they lack semantic information to endow the robots with the ability of social goal selection and human-friendly operation modes...
The representation of the physical world is an issue that concerns the scientific community studying computer vision, more and more. Recently, research has focused on modern techniques and methods of photogrammetry and stereoscopy with the aim of rec...
When reconstructing a 3D object, it is difficult to obtain accurate 3D geometric information using a single camera. In order to capture detailed geometric information of a 3D object, it is inevitable to increase the number of cameras to capture the o...
From object tracking to 3D reconstruction, RGB-Depth (RGB-D) camera networks play an increasingly important role in many vision and graphics applications. Practical applications often use sparsely-placed cameras to maximize visibility, while using as...
Three-dimensional (3D) localization plays an important role in visual sensor networks. However, the frame rate and flexibility of the existing vision-based localization systems are limited by using synchronized multiple cameras. For such a purpose, t...
RGB-D cameras produce depth and color information commonly used in the 3D reconstruction and vision computer areas. Different cameras with the same model usually produce images with different calibration errors. The color and depth layer usually requ...
The 3D vehicle trajectory in complex traffic conditions such as crossroads and heavy traffic is practically very useful in autonomous driving. In order to accurately extract the 3D vehicle trajectory from a perspective camera in a crossroad where the...
Human–Robot interaction represents a cornerstone of mobile robotics, especially within the field of social robots. In this context, user localization becomes of crucial importance for the interaction. This work investigates the capabilities of...
A multi-camera dense RGB-D SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) system has the potential both to speed up scene reconstruction and to improve localization accuracy, thanks to multiple mounted sensors and an enlarged effective field of view. T...
With extensive application of RGB-D cameras in robotics, computer vision, and many other fields, accurate calibration becomes more and more critical to the sensors. However, most existing models for calibrating depth and the relative pose between a d...
This paper presents the results of several studies concerning the effect of temperature on digital cameras. Experiments were performed using three different camera models. The presented results conclusively demonstrate that the typical camera design...
Virtual reality and augmented reality are increasingly used for immersive engagement by utilizing information from real environments. In particular, three-dimensional model data, which is the basis for creating virtual places, can be manually develop...
The three-dimensional trajectory data of vehicles have important practical meaning for traffic behavior analysis. To solve the problems of narrow visual angle in single-camera scenes and lack of continuous trajectories in 3D space by current cross-ca...
The evolution of photogrammetry has been significantly influenced by advancements in camera technology, particularly the emergence of spherical cameras. These devices offer extensive photographic coverage and are increasingly utilised in many photogr...
Camera network design is a challenging task for many applications in photogrammetry, biomedical engineering, robotics, and industrial metrology, among other fields. Many driving factors are found in the camera network design including the camera spec...
Detailed 3D plant architectural data have numerous applications in plant science, but many existing approaches for 3D data collection are time-consuming and/or require costly equipment. Recently, there has been rapid growth in the availability of lo...
The calibration of 3D cameras is one of the key challenges to successfully measure the nightly 3D flight tracks of bats with thermal cameras. This is relevant around wind turbines to investigate the impact wind farms have on their species. Existing 3...
Barrier coverage, an important research area with respect to camera sensor networks, consists of a number of camera sensors to detect intruders that pass through the barrier area. Existing works on barrier coverage such as local face-view barrier cov...
The 3D reconstruction of construction sites is of great importance for construction progress, quality, and safety management. Currently, most of the existing 3D reconstruction methods are unable to conduct continuous and uninterrupted perception, and...
3D object detection with LiDAR and camera fusion has always been a challenge for autonomous driving. This work proposes a deep neural network (namely FuDNN) for LiDAR–camera fusion 3D object detection. Firstly, a 2D backbone is designed to extr...
Dynamic deformation measurement (DDM) is critical across infrastructure and industrial applications. Among various advanced techniques, multi-camera digital image correlation (MC-DIC) stands out due to its ability to achieve wide-range, full-field, a...
The creation of a textured 3D mesh from a set of RGD-D images often results in textured meshes that yield unappealing visual artifacts. The main cause is the misalignments between the RGB-D images due to inaccurate camera pose estimations. While ther...
The visual underwater monitoring of fish size, position, and swimming speed is experiencing increasing interest in aquaculture and marine research. Despite the long-standing use of video monitoring, there is no methodological consensus, but numerous...
Motion analysis systems based on a single markerless RGB-D camera are more suitable for clinical practice than multi-camera marker-based reference systems. Nevertheless, the validity of RGB-D cameras for motor function assessment in some diseases aff...
3D object recognition is an generic task in robotics and autonomous vehicles. In this paper, we propose a 3D object recognition approach using a 3D extension of the histogram-of-gradients object descriptor with data captured with a depth camera. The...
Although low cost red-green-blue-depth (RGB-D) cameras are factory calibrated, to meet the accuracy requirements needed in many industrial applications proper calibration strategies have to be applied. Generally, these strategies do not consider the...
In the last decade, RGB-D cameras - also called range imaging cameras - have known a permanent evolution. Because of their limited cost and their ability to measure distances at a high frame rate, such sensors are especially appreciated for applicati...
Graphical visualization systems are a common clinical tool for displaying digital images and three-dimensional volumetric data. These systems provide a broad spectrum of information to support physicians in their clinical routine. For example, the fi...
Geometrical camera modeling is the precondition for 3D-reconstruction tasks using photogrammetric sensor systems. The purpose of this study is to describe an approach for possible accuracy improvements by using the ray-based-camera model. The relatio...
Calibration between color camera and 3D Light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) equipment is an essential process for data fusion. The goal of this paper is to improve the calibration accuracy between a camera and a 3D LIDAR. In particular, we are intere...
With the rapid development of the geographic information service industry, point cloud data are widely used in various fields, such as architecture, planning, cultural relics protection, mining engineering, etc. Despite that there are many approaches...
A novel visual 3D reconstruction system, composed of a two-axis galvanometer scanner, a camera with a lens, and a set of control units, is introduced in this paper. By changing the mirror angles of the galvanometer scanner fixed in front of the camer...
Deep learning models performing complex tasks require the support of datasets. With the advancement of virtual reality technology, the use of virtual datasets in deep learning models is becoming more and more widespread. Indoor scenes represents a si...
In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) object moving direction and velocity estimation method is presented using a dual off-axis color-filtered aperture (DCA)-based computational camera. Conventional object tracking methods provided only two-dimensi...
The rapid development of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) increases the requirement for the accurate prediction of objects in the vicinity to guarantee safer journeys. For effectively predicting objects, sensors such as Three-Dimensional Light Detection and...
Low-cost RGB-D cameras are increasingly being used in several research fields, including human–machine interaction, safety, robotics, biomedical engineering and even reverse engineering applications. Among the plethora of commercial devices, th...
This paper presents a novel method to estimate the relative poses between RGB-D cameras with minimal overlapping fields of view. This calibration problem is relevant to applications such as indoor 3D mapping and robot navigation that can benefit from...
RGB and depth cameras are extensively used for the 3D tracking of human pose and motion. Typically, these cameras calculate a set of 3D points representing the human body as a skeletal structure. The tracking capabilities of a single camera are often...
Stereo cameras can capture the rich image textures of a scene, while LiDAR can obtain accurate 3D coordinates of point clouds of a scene. They complement each other and can achieve comprehensive and accurate environment perception through data fusion...
To automatically evaluate the ergonomics of workers, 3D skeletons are needed. Most ergonomic assessment methods, like REBA, are based on the different 3D joint angles. Thanks to the huge amount of training data, 2D skeleton detectors have become very...
RGB-Depth (RGB-D) cameras are widely used in computer vision and robotics applications such as 3D modeling and human–computer interaction. To capture 3D information of an object from different viewpoints simultaneously, we need to use multiple...
A successful application of low-cost 3D cameras in combination with artificial intelligence (AI)-based 3D object detection algorithms to outdoor mobile mapping would offer great potential for numerous mapping, asset inventory, and change detection ta...
We present a method to acquire 3D position measurements for decentralized target tracking with an asynchronous camera network. Cameras with known poses have fields of view with overlapping projections on the ground and 3D volumes above a reference gr...
In recent years, multi-sensor fusion technology has made enormous progress in 3D reconstruction, surveying and mapping, autonomous driving, and other related fields, and extrinsic calibration is a necessary condition for multi-sensor fusion applicati...
This paper presents a method for obtaining the motion segmentation and 3D localization of multiple mobile robots in an intelligent space using a multi-camera sensor system. The set of calibrated and synchronized cameras are placed in fixed positions...
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