This comprehensive review unfolds a detailed narrative of Artificial Intelligence (AI) making its foray into radiology, a move that is catalysing transformational shifts in the healthcare landscape. It traces the evolution of radiology, from the init...
Machine learning (ML), artificial neural networks (ANNs), and deep learning (DL) are all topics that fall under the heading of artificial intelligence (AI) and have gained popularity in recent years. ML involves the application of algorithms to autom...
Atherosclerosis is an immunoinflammatory pathological procedure in which lipid plaques are formed in the vessel walls, partially or completely occluding the lumen, and is accountable for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). ACSVD consists...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder of reproductive-aged women. Much of the confusion surrounding PCOS diagnosis stems from the broad heterogeneity of symptomology experienced by women with PCOS. The diverse feature...
Cardiovascular diseases present a significant global health challenge that emphasizes the critical need for developing accurate and more effective detection methods. Several studies have contributed valuable insights in this field, but it is still ne...
Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in various sectors, including medicine and healthcare. Large language models like ChatGPT showcase AI’s potential by generating human-like text through prompts. ChatGPT’s...
Retinoblastoma is a rare and aggressive form of childhood eye cancer that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent vision loss and even death. Deep learning models have shown promising results in detecting retinoblastoma from fundus images,...
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors are being fabricated for specific detection of biomolecules or changes in the microenvironment. FRET is a non-radiative transfer of energy from an excited donor fluorophore molecule to a...
Antibiotic resistance is a global public health concern, posing a significant threat to the effectiveness of antibiotics in treating bacterial infections. The accurate and timely detection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is crucial for implementing...
We would like to express our gratitude to all authors who contributed to the Special Issue of “Artificial Intelligence Advances for Medical Computer-Aided Diagnosis” by providing their excellent and recent research findings for AI-based m...
One of the most common and deadly diseases in the world is lung cancer. Only early identification of lung cancer can increase a patient’s probability of survival. A frequently used modality for the screening and diagnosis of lung cancer is comp...
Skin cancer is one the most dangerous types of cancer and is one of the primary causes of death worldwide. The number of deaths can be reduced if skin cancer is diagnosed early. Skin cancer is mostly diagnosed using visual inspection, which is less a...
Medical image analysis plays an important role in clinical diagnosis. In this paper, we examine the recent Segment Anything Model (SAM) on medical images, and report both quantitative and qualitative zero-shot segmentation results on nine medical ima...
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the presence of a bacterial biofilm known as dental plaque. This biofilm affects the supporting apparatus of the teeth, especially the periodontal ligaments and the bone surrounding the teeth....
Breast cancer is a common cause of female mortality in developing countries. Early detection and treatment are crucial for successful outcomes. Breast cancer develops from breast cells and is considered a leading cause of death in women. This disease...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment and aberrant protein deposition in the brain. Therefore, the early detection of AD is crucial for the development of effective treatments and interve...
Brain tumor segmentation from MRIs has always been a challenging task for radiologists, therefore, an automatic and generalized system to address this task is needed. Among all other deep learning techniques used in medical imaging, U-Net-based varia...
Medical image analysis using deep neural networks (DNN) has demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in image classification and segmentation tasks, aiding disease diagnosis. The accuracy of the DNN is largely governed by the quality and quantity of...
Brain tumor diagnosis at an early stage can improve the chances of successful treatment and better patient outcomes. In the biomedical industry, non-invasive diagnostic procedures, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can be used to diagnose bra...
Cancer is a problematic global health issue with an extremely high fatality rate throughout the world. The application of various machine learning techniques that have appeared in the field of cancer diagnosis in recent years has provided meaningful...
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted various aspects of healthcare, particularly in the medical imaging field. This review focuses on recent developments in the application of deep learning (DL) techniques...
One of the most frequent cancers in women is breast cancer, and in the year 2022, approximately 287,850 new cases have been diagnosed. From them, 43,250 women died from this cancer. An early diagnosis of this cancer can help to overcome the mortality...
Heparin-binding protein (HBP) is a cationic antibacterial protein derived from multinuclear neutrophils and an important biomarker of infectious diseases. The correct identification of HBP is of great significance to the study of infectious diseases....
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into point-of-care (POC) biosensing has the potential to revolutionize diagnostic methodologies by offering rapid, accurate, and accessible health assessment directly at the patient level. This review p...
Cardiac innervation by the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) modulates the heart rate (HR) (chronotropic activity) and the contraction of the cardiac muscle (inotropic activity). The peripheral vasculature...
Uncontrolled and fast cell proliferation is the cause of brain tumors. Early cancer detection is vitally important to save many lives. Brain tumors can be divided into several categories depending on the kind, place of origin, pace of development, an...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide, causing severe cognitive decline and memory impairment. The early and accurate diagnosis of AD is crucial for effective interve...
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been extensively utilized in medical image processing to automatically extract meaningful features and classify various medical conditions, enabling faster and more accurate diagnoses. In this paper, LeNet, a...
Glaucoma is characterized by increased intraocular pressure and damage to the optic nerve, which may result in irreversible blindness. The drastic effects of this disease can be avoided if it is detected at an early stage. However, the condition is f...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been classified as a severe health problem common among women globally. Early detection and treatment of PCOS reduce the possibility of long-term complications, such as increasing the chances of developing type 2...
Ultrasound (US) is acoustic energy that interacts with human tissues, thus, producing bioeffects that may be hazardous, especially in sensitive organs (i.e., brain, eye, heart, lung, and digestive tract) and embryos/fetuses. Two basic mechanisms of U...
Despite revolutionizing the field of oncological imaging, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) as its workhorse is limited by a lack of specificity and low sensitivity in certain tumor subtypes. Fibroblast activation...
Background and aims: Patients frequently have concerns about their disease and find it challenging to obtain accurate Information. OpenAI’s ChatGPT chatbot (ChatGPT) is a new large language model developed to provide answers to a wide range of questi...
Alzheimer’s disease is an incurable neurological disorder that leads to a gradual decline in cognitive abilities, but early detection can significantly mitigate symptoms. The automatic diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease is more important du...
Brain tumor segmentation from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans is critical for the diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring of therapeutic outcomes. Thus, this research introduces a novel hybrid approach that combines handcrafted features...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition generated by the dysfunction of brain cells and their 60–80% inability to produce dopamine, an organic chemical responsible for controlling a person’s movement. This conditio...
One of the most common and challenging medical conditions to deal with in old-aged people is the occurrence of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Manual diagnosis of this disease involves observing X-ray images of the knee area and classifying it under five...
Glaucoma is a chronic eye disease that may lead to permanent vision loss if it is not diagnosed and treated at an early stage. The disease originates from an irregular behavior in the drainage flow of the eye that eventually leads to an increase in i...
Monkeypox or Mpox is an infectious virus predominantly found in Africa. It has spread to many countries since its latest outbreak. Symptoms such as headaches, chills, and fever are observed in humans. Lumps and rashes also appear on the skin (similar...
Epilepsy is a life-threatening neurological brain disorder that gives rise to recurrent unprovoked seizures. It occurs due to abnormal chemical changes in our brains. For many years, studies have been conducted to support the automatic diagnosis of e...
Melanoma is one of the deadliest types of skin cancer that leads to death if not diagnosed early. Many skin lesions are similar in the early stages, which causes an inaccurate diagnosis. Accurate diagnosis of the types of skin lesions helps dermatolo...
Artificial intelligence (AI) plays a more and more important role in our everyday life due to the advantages that it brings when used, such as 24/7 availability, a very low percentage of errors, ability to provide real time insights, or performing a...
This study aims to develop an efficient and accurate breast cancer classification model using meta-learning approaches and multiple convolutional neural networks. This Breast Ultrasound Images (BUSI) dataset contains various types of breast lesions....
Skin lesions are essential for the early detection and management of a number of dermatological disorders. Learning-based methods for skin lesion analysis have drawn much attention lately because of improvements in computer vision and machine learnin...
Cancer is one of the leading significant causes of illness and chronic disease worldwide. Skin cancer, particularly melanoma, is becoming a severe health problem due to its rising prevalence. The considerable death rate linked with melanoma requires...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a slow neurological disorder that destroys the thought process, and consciousness, of a human. It directly affects the development of mental ability and neurocognitive functionality. The number of patients with Alzhe...
Background: Although handcrafted radiomics features (RF) are commonly extracted via radiomics software, employing deep features (DF) extracted from deep learning (DL) algorithms merits significant investigation. Moreover, a “tensor’&rsquo...
Cervical cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women, which has higher death-rate than many other cancer types. The most common way to diagnose cervical cancer is to analyze images of cervical cells, which is performed using Pap smea...
Ovarian cancer ranks as the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. Late-stage diagnosis (stages III and IV) is a major challenge due to the often vague and inconsistent initial symptoms. Current diagnostic methods, such as biomarke...
Heart strokes are a significant global health concern, profoundly affecting the wellbeing of the population. Many research endeavors have focused on developing predictive models for heart strokes using ML and DL techniques. Nevertheless, prior studie...
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