Arthritis, a global health burden comprising osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, demands advanced therapeutic approaches. In this context, flavonoids, a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds abundant in fruits, vegetables, and medicinal...
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), an amphipathic molecule composed of one highly polar sulfinyl group and two nonpolar methyl groups, is considered an excellent solvent due to its capability to dissolve many polar and nonpolar compounds. Therefore, DMSO is...
Gastrointestinal diseases have been among the main concerns of medical and scientific societies for a long time. Several studies have emphasized the critical role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of the most common gastrointestinal diseases. T...
Oxidative stress and inflammation are deeply interconnected processes implicated in the onset and progression of numerous chronic diseases. Despite promising mechanistic insights, conventional antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapies such as NSAID...
Personalized cancer vaccines are a promising immunotherapy targeting patient-specific tumor neoantigens, yet their design and efficacy remain challenging. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) provide powerful tools to enhance multiple stag...
The COVID-19 pandemic, instigated by the emergence of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, created an incomparable global health crisis. Due to its highly virulent nature, identifying potential therapeutic agents against this lethal virus is crucial. P...
Vanillin, an aromatic aldehyde, is one of the most popular flavors worldwide, extensively used in the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and agrochemical industries. Despite its widespread use, less than 1% of the total vanillin production is natural,...
Anesthesia is a cornerstone of modern medicine, enabling surgery, pain management, and critical care. Despite its widespread use, the precise molecular mechanisms of anesthetic action remain incompletely understood. Recent advancements in structural...
Background: Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) hold transformative potential for cardiovascular regenerative medicine, yet their clinical application is hindered by suboptimal mitochondrial maturation and metabolic ineffi...
Metabolites are at the end of the gene–transcript–protein–metabolism cascade. As such, metabolomics is the omics approach that offers the most direct correlation with phenotype. This allows, where genomics, transcriptomics and prote...
In the present work, methanolic extracts from thyme and dittany plants were prepared and characterized in terms of their polyphenolic content through analytical and spectrophotometric techniques. Rosmarinic acid, thymol and carvacrol were found to be...
The elderly population is growing worldwide. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed, but their adverse events can pose significant risks. Different NSAID molecules can exhibit varying risk profiles. This study aims to...
Oncologic disease is a significant global health issue that causes thousands of deaths annually, and it has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading caus...
Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) acts as a crucial molecular chaperone, playing an essential role in activating numerous signaling proteins. The intricate mechanism of Hsp90 involving ATPase-coupled conformational changes and interactions with cochapero...
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) phantoms are essential tools for calibrating imaging systems, validating diagnostic algorithms, and bridging technological advancements with clinical applications. This review explores the development and applicatio...
Oral solid drug delivery continues to be the gold standard in pharmaceutical formulations, owing to its cost-effectiveness, ease of administration, and high patient compliance. Tablets, the most widely used dosage form, are favored for their precise...
Despite decades of research on fish otoliths and their capacity to serve as biochronological recorders, much remains unknown about their protein composition, the mechanisms by which proteins are incorporated into the otolith matrix, or the potential...
Nitric oxide (•NO), a diffusible free radical, is an intercellular messenger, playing a crucial role in several key brain physiological processes, including in neurovascular coupling (NVC). In the brain, glutamatergic activation of the neuronal...
Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disease that leads to increased bone fragility, associated with increased risk of fracture and consequent significant morbidity and mortality, and is a global public health problem. It results from a chronic imbalanc...
Background/Objectives: Plant-derived compounds are increasingly valued in drug discovery for their therapeutic potential. This study aims to examine the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties of kombucha beverages fermented with Garden...
Muscle lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-A) catalyzes the reduction of pyruvate to lactate, the end product of anaerobic glycolysis. LDH-A is overexpressed in many cancers prior to and even when tumors receive adequate oxygen, and lactate has multiple cellu...
Traditional materials synthesis often involves energy-intensive processes with significant waste generation and limited control over material properties. This review examines synthetic biology as a sustainable alternative for designing advanced mater...
Background/Objectives: Burns are a prevalent health concern that manifest on the skin’s surface or within organs due to various traumas and necessitate prompt intervention. The healing process of the skin involves a sequence of time-dependent e...
Background/Objectives: N-Myristoyltransferase inhibitors (NMTi) represent a novel antiviral strategy against mammarenaviruses such as Lassa and Junin viruses. The Z matrix protein inhibits viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity in a dose-dependent m...
Metabolic engineering of the shikimate pathway offers a promising strategy for enhancing the production of aromatic compounds in microbial hosts. However, feedback inhibition of key enzymes, such as the 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate syn...
Biochemistry, or the chemistry of life, is an interdisciplinary science that uses strategies and methods from all exact and natural sciences [...]
Colon cancer ranks among the most prevalent and lethal cancers worldwide. Lifestyle and dietary factors—such as high consumption of processed foods, red meat, and alcohol, coupled with sedentary behavior—are key contributors to its develo...
A betel quid (BQ) chewing habit has been strongly associated with the development of several oral mucosal diseases. In order to investigate whether individual components of BQ mixtures have distinct physio-pathological effects on oral mucosal cells,...
Signaling pathways that integrate a large set of inputs (both extra- and intracellular) to control cell proliferation are essential during both development and adult stages to guarantee organism homeostasis. Mobs are small adaptor proteins that parti...
Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive type of malignant brain tumor with a poor prognosis due to the lack of effective treatment options. Therefore, new treatment options are required. Sphingolipids are essential components of the cell membr...
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disorder caused by the narrowing of small blood vessels in the lungs, which, in the absence of therapies, leads to right heart failure and premature death. No cure for this devastating disorder i...
Background: Levels of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitter availability are altered in depressed patients and can be used as biological markers. This study aimed to analyze these markers in female Wistar rats under chronic inf...
Isoquinoline derivatives exhibit a range of biological properties, including antibacterial activity, and are thus attractive as a scaffold for developing broad-spectrum antibacterial compounds. A series of six isoquinoline-based compounds were synthe...
Evidence found in the literature indicates that dimeric flavonoids constitute important therapeutic options against cancer. Using these molecules to prevent cancer progression might be a novel and promising therapeutic approach with advantages like f...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) emerging as major etiologies. This review explores the epidem...
Background/Objectives: Passiflora (passionflower), traditionally used for anxiety and insomnia, is primarily known for GABAergic modulation. However, evidence suggests broader neuropharmacological actions. This review aimed to systematically explore...
Background/Objectives: Propranolol HCl (PPH), a nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker, is employed as an anti-hypertensive, anti-anginal, anti-arrhythmic, and anti-migraine agent. Given its utility in chronic conditions, developing a sustaine...
Prostate cancer continues to be the most common cause of cancer-related disease and mortality among men worldwide, especially in the advanced stages, notably metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), which poses significant treatment c...
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized neuroscience by enabling the analysis of cellular heterogeneity and dynamic molecular processes at the single-cell resolution. In spinal cord research, scRNA-seq provides critical insights int...
Proteins are structurally and functionally diverse biomacromolecules that serve a variety of essential activities to ensure complex biological homeostasis. The desire to elucidate and enhance these biological functions has been at the forefront of re...
RASopathies are a heterogeneous group of genetic syndromes caused by germline mutations in genes encoding proteins of the RAS/MAPK pathway, which are essential in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. Although characteri...
Flavan-3-ol derivatives are polyphenolic compounds with multifunctional properties. One of the flavan-3-ol derivatives, green tea catechin epigallocatechin gallate, is known to have anticancer activity as one of its multifunctional properties. We hav...
The current standard technique for vascular grafting in cerebral revascularization surgery employs the interposition of an autologous blood vessel. Technical complications have necessitated the development of a synthetic alternative, but classical bi...
Modern “omics” sciences, including metabolomics and microbiomics, are currently being applied to inflammatory autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), to investigate the interplay between microbiota, metabolic function, and...
Otoliths of the fish’s inner ear serve as a natural chronological recorder because of their continuous formation marked by daily, monthly, and annual increments. Despite their importance, the comprehensive protein content of otoliths remains no...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) signifies a devastating impact on the quality of life of patients and their families. At a biomolecular level, AD is characterized by the deposition of extracellular plaques of β-amyloid (Aβ), affecting langua...
Introduction: Anemia, characterized by a reduction in hemoglobin concentration, is a widespread health concern globally, impacting individuals across various demographics. Iron deficiency, often compounded by inadequate folic acid levels, is a primar...
Background/Objectives: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic childhood disease that often persists into the reproductive years. JIA may impact long-term fertility due to the prolonged exposure to immunosuppressive therapies. Methods: A tot...
Studies in animals and humans suggested that the tonic dopamine inhibition of prolactin release may be estimated by submaximal prolactin stimulation by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), the mini-TRH test. Because patients with schizophrenia may be...
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare, progressive form of pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension characterized by persistent, organized thromboemboli in the pulmonary vasculature, leading to vascular remodeling, elevated pulm...
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